scholarly journals A new method of determining the state of water and agricultural areas in real time

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikita Sergeevich Myazin ◽  
Vadim Vladimirovich Davydov ◽  
Victoria Valerevna Yushkova ◽  
Vasiliy Yurevich Rud'
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic System ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Signal Spectrum ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
Transverse Relaxation ◽  
State Of Water ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
Agricultural Areas

Paper discusses the technique of environmental condition monitoring based on the phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Express control is an integral part of agriculture, because when working on farms or in fields there are situations when it is physically impossible to deliver samples for research to a stationary laboratory (results are needed urgently or samples can change their properties during transportation). A brief review of the existing methods for monitoring the states of media in the express mode was carried out, their shortcomings were revealed and a new technical solution to this problem was proposed. For a small-sized NMR spectrometer, a new magnetic system and a signal registration circuit have been developed, which makes it possible to detect the NMR signal at different frequencies, thus registering the signal spectrum. In addition, this design also allows measuring the longitudinal and transverse relaxation times of the medium. With the help of the proposed technique, studies of various media have been carried out; the results of these studies are presented.

The Significant Difference with the Relationships of T2 and Moisture Distribution between Untreated and Esterified Poplar

2011 ◽  
Vol 704-705 ◽  
pp. 446-449
Author(s):  
Xiang Jun Wang ◽  
Ming Hui Zhang ◽  
Xi Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Transverse Relaxation Time ◽  
Moisture Distribution ◽  
Transverse Relaxation ◽  
Significant Difference

the moisture distribution in untreated and esterified poplar with Maleic anhydride was studied in the present paper employed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The results show that relaxation times decrease with the the fall of moisture content, and there is a linear equation between the moisture content and transverse relaxation time in esterified wood. The content of bonding water and free water in the esterified wood decreased simultaneously during the drying.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in Ferromagnetic Fe2P

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 830-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Koster ◽  
B. G. Turrell
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Domain Wall ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Spin Coupling ◽  
Hyperfine Fields ◽  
Transverse Relaxation ◽  
Thermally Driven ◽  
Spin Spin Coupling

The NMR of 31P and 57Fe has been studied in Fe2P using a pulsed spectrometer. Resonances have been observed at frequencies 17.5, 20, 77.5, and 86.6 MHz allowing the deduction of the hyperfine fields at the various atomic sites. These are Hn(Fe I) = 148 kOe, Hn(Fe II) = 123 kOe, Hn(P I) = 50.2 kOe, and Hn(P II) = 45.0 kOe. From the shift in the NMR frequency on application of an external magnetic field, the sign of the phosphorus hyperfine fields is shown to be positive. The temperature dependence of the 31P NMR frequency has also been studied and the data is well fitted by a T2 law. Domain-wall enhancement is investigated in the light of a pinned-membrane model. Finally nuclear 31P and 57Fe spin relaxation times are measured. The longitudinal relaxation is due to thermally driven domain-wall motions, and this mechanism also produces the transverse relaxation at high temperatures, although at low temperatures spin-spin coupling is evident.

scholarly journals Phosphorus nuclear-magnetic-resonance studies of compartmentation in muscle

1978 ◽  
Vol 170 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J W Busby ◽  
D G Gadian ◽  
G K Radda ◽  
R E Richards ◽  
P J Seeley
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽  
Transverse Relaxation ◽  
Lateralis Muscle ◽  
Energy Pool ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

1. Phosphorus nuclear-magnetic-resonance measurements were made on rat vastus lateralis muscle. 2. In the absence of oxygenation, the resonance from P1 broadens, as the ‘energy pool’ of the muscle gradually runs down. This, together with measurements of transverse relaxation times (T2) indicate that the intracellular pH is not uniform within the muscle volume. 3. Incubation of the muscle with acetate buffer at low pH (5.2) results in splitting of the P1 resonance into two components; one corresponds to phosphate in a low-pH environment and the other to phosphate in its original environment. These observations indicate that P1 is distributed among different compartments in the muscle cell. 4. Compartmentation of sugar phosphate (mainly glucose 6-phosphate) is also indicated by this method, but no evidence has been obtained for this type of compartmentation of ATP and phosphocreatine.

scholarly journals Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Transverse Relaxation Times of Water Protons in Skeletal Muscle

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 583-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlton F. Hazlewood ◽  
Donald C. Chang ◽  
Buford L. Nichols ◽  
Donald E. Woessner
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Transverse Relaxation ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

An emerging technology: Nuclear magnetic resonance microscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 1000-1001
Author(s):  
M.J. Hennessy ◽  
E. Kwok
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Nmr Microscopy ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Temperature Relaxation ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Much progress in nuclear magnetic resonance microscope has been made in the last few years as a result of improved instrumentation and techniques being made available through basic research in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technologies for medicine. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was first observed in the hydrogen nucleus in water by Bloch, Purcell and Pound over 40 years ago. Today, in medicine, virtually all commercial MRI scans are made of water bound in tissue. This is also true for NMR microscopy, which has focussed mainly on biological applications. The reason water is the favored molecule for NMR is because water is,the most abundant molecule in biology. It is also the most NMR sensitive having the largest nuclear magnetic moment and having reasonable room temperature relaxation times (from 10 ms to 3 sec). The contrast seen in magnetic resonance images is due mostly to distribution of water relaxation times in sample which are extremely sensitive to the local environment.

Proton magnetic relaxation of water sorbed by methaemoglobin crystals

1973 ◽  
Vol 331 (1587) ◽  
pp. 457-468 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Rate ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Transverse Relaxation Rate ◽  
Ferric Ions ◽  
Transverse Relaxation ◽  
Water Binding ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Protein Molecules ◽  
Proton Magnetic Relaxation ◽  
Limiting Value

P. m. r. relaxation times ( T 1 and T 2 ) have been measured as a function of regain and temperature for water sorbed by lyophilized methaemoglobin. The purpose of the work was to gain information regarding the nature and extent of water binding by the protein molecules. The T 1 results are interpreted in terms of an exchange between the sixth ligand position of the Fe (III) and other adsorption sites on the protein. At high temperatures the relaxation rate at a given regain reaches a limiting value which allows the fraction of ferric ions hydrated to be calculated. Above 16% regain all the Fe (III) is hydrated. At 21 and 35% regains a maximum appears in the relaxation rate at about -46 °C indicating a contribution from a more mobile phase which produces a T 1 minimum at that temperature. The T 2 data are consistent with a model in which the main contribution to the transverse relaxation rate comes from a tightly bound fraction of the water with ω 0 Ƭ c ≫1. The temperature dependence of T 2 exhibits three different regions: ( a ) a low temperature region where lg T 2 ∝ T -1 ; ( b ) an intermediate region with a steeper increase of T 2 with temperature; and ( c ) a high temperature where T 2 levels off.

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