Künstliche Intelligenz im Rahmen unternehmerischer Entscheidungen des Vorstands der AG

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyi Li

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the context of business decisions of the AG's board of directors brings the company not only opportunities but also major challenges. The first question that arises is whether it is legally permissible to delegate business decisions to AI systems. It is then necessary to consider what skills and knowledge the board of directors should possess to fulfill the new AI-related tasks, and which obligations they should obey to ensure that AI systems will properly and successfully perform the tasks assigned to them. Last but not least, the board of directors must ensure the company’s IT-security when using AI.

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Gary Gagarin Akbar

ABSTRAK Direksi mempunyai peran yang sangat vital bagi perseroan. Direksi ibarat nyawa bagi perseroan, tidak mungkin suatu perseroan tanpa adanya direksi. Direksi bertugas sebagai perwakilan perseroan dalam menjalankan perseroan. Dalam prakteknya, direksi sering kali dirugikan akibat keputusan bisnis yang diambilnya. Hal ini diakibatkan oleh belum adanya harmonisasi undang-undang mengenai definisi keuangan negara sehingga memungkinkan direksi dikenakan tindak pidana korupsi jika direksi dalam mengambil keputusan bisnis menimbulkan kerugian bagi perseroan. Jika direksi dalam mengambil suatu keputusan tidak mendapatkan perlindungan hukum maka direksi menjadi takut untuk mengadakan transaksi bisnis. Karena itu dalam hal ini sangat dibutuhkan doktrin Business Judgement Rule sebagai perlindungan hukum bagi direksi dalam melakukan transaksi bisnis agar mereka bisa menjalankan tugasnya dengan maksimal. Selain itu, jika direksi membuat keputusan bisnis yang menimbulkan kerugian untuk perseroan dikarenakan ultra vires atau melampaui kewenangan yang telah ditentukan dalam anggaran dasar atau peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, maka direksi tersebut tidak bisa dilindungi oleh doktrin Business Judgement Rule. Dalam hal direksi melakukan tindakan ultra vires, maka direksi tersebut dapat dikenakan Pasal 97 ayat (3) UUPT, pasal ini menyatakan bahwa setiap anggota direksi bertanggung jawab penuh sampai pada harta pribadi apabila direksi tersebut melakukan kesalahan atau kelalaian yang mengakibatkan perseroan mengalami kerugian, kemudian direksi BUMN juga dapat dikenakan Pasal 1365 mengenai perbuatan melawan hukum yang mengakibatkan kerugian pada orang lain, maka harus membayar ganti rugi kepada pihak yang dirugikan. Kata Kunci: Direksi, BUMN, Business Judgement Rule ABSTRACT Directors have a very important role for company. Directors like soul of the company, impossible a company without directors. Directors served as representative of the company in running the company. In practice, directors are often adversely affected business decision taken. This is caused by the absence of harmonization of legislation on the definition of state finances so as to enable the directors subject to corruption if the directors in making business decisions result in losses for the company. If the directors in taking a decision not to get legal protection, the directors be afraid to conduct business transactions. Therefore in this case is necessary doctrine of Business Judgment Rule as legal protection for directors in the transaction of business so that they can carry out their duties to the fullest. In addition, if directors make business decisions causing losses to the company due to the ultra vires or beyond the authority specified in the statutes or regulations applicable law, the directors can not be protected by the doctrine of the Business Judgment Rule. In the event that the directors act ultra vires, the directors may be subject to Article 97 paragraph (3) of legislation limited liability company, this article states that each member of the board of directors fully responsible to the personal property if the directors of wrongdoing or negligence which resulted in the company at a disadvantage, then the board of directors SOE also be subject to Article 1365 of the unlawful act that caused financial losses to others, it must pay compensation to the injured party. Keywords : Directors, State Owned Enterprises, Business Judgement Rule (BJR)


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87
Author(s):  
Muhamad Hafizh Akram ◽  
Nisriina Primadani Fanaro

The Board of Directors is one of the most important organs in a Limited Liability Company. Management of the Company that carried out by the board of directors includes running business activities, controlling, and making business decisions that have an impact on a Limited Liability Company whether the decision will cause loss or profit. In making business decisions, the Board of Directors must do so in the manner of good faith, carefully, and in accordance with the aims and objectives of the Company's establishment. If the directors already made the decision the correct manner, they cannot be held personally accountable for the decisions they make. That is what a Business judgment rules is, a doctrine that provides protection to directors to not be personally responsible if the business decisions taken cause losses to the company. Relying on a literature study, the business judgment rule is implicitly regulated in article 92 paragraph 1 and 97 paragraph 5 of Law no. 40 of 2007 regarding the Limited Liability Companies, several cases related to the business judgment rule, this article intends to analyze the implementation of the doctrine of the business judgment rule in Indonesia


Author(s):  
Iwan Permadi ◽  
Kusmono Kusmono ◽  
Sihabudin Sihabudin ◽  
Heru Ratno Hadi

Business is a risk. There is no guarantee the business is run By the board of Directors who will always bring profit. One day profit, no profit, and another time can lose. When business decisions are taken by the board of Directors losses especially in significant amounts can be ascertained will happen nervousness on the board of Directors of the Company. State-Owned Enterprises established for business purposes in the full operation of risk. Law No. 19 of 2003 concerning State-Owned Enterprises does not regulate the protection of the Board of Directors of the Company, meanwhile, Law No. 40 of 2007 on Limited Liability Companies regulation of the protection of the Board of Directors of its implementation gives rise to multi-interpretation. Business decisions made by the Board of Directors of the Company in accordance with the principles of Business Judgement Rule are business risk, should get legal protection. The purpose of this research is to find out the weaknesses of this legal protection. This research includes normative legal research with a statutory approach with The analysis technique in this research is investigation strategy. The results show that there is no legal certainty regarding business decisions taken by Directors who experience losses in business transactions so that the Government / DPR must amend the BUMN Law by adding articles on the legal protection of the Directors of Persero.


2021 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 02012
Author(s):  
Olga Sushkova

This study investigates the impact of scientific and technological advances and adaptation of artificial intelligence on corporate governance practices. It applies or can be applied in three dimensions - business, technology, and society. Therefore, to assess the necessity, feasibility, effectiveness, and responsibility of decision-making automation at the Board of Directors (supervisory body of a legal entity) to ensure effective corporate governance, it is necessary to consider all normative regulators in the field of corporate law. Based on an assessment of the potential and limitations of human and machine learning for effective decision-making at the level of the collegial governance body, the Board of Directors, the paper proposes five AI-based governance scenarios, i.e., supportive, augmented, enhanced, autonomous, and autopoietic, that can shape the governance of organizations today, tomorrow, and in the future. It is important to understand the implications of such AI-enabled governance in the areas where the Board is empowered to make certain corporate decisions.


Subject Communist Party control over businesses in China. Significance China has openly confirmed and legalised the direct influence of the Communist Party in the business decisions of state-owned firms, undermining the roles of market forces and the board of directors in corporate governance. Foreign joint ventures also report coming under political pressure to give their Party committees a formal say in management decisions. Impacts Formalising Party control of SOEs does not directly affect private firms, but the underlying intent to exercise more control could. If internal policy in general became less constrained by a desire to placate foreign partners, the repercussions would be serious. Chinese exporters will face further anti-dumping measures from regulators overseas. EU members that do not use anti-dumping procedures against China may support recognising China as a market economy anyway.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  

On August 20th, 2020, the Canadian Association for Security and Intelligence Studies (CASIS) Vancouver hosted its fourth digital roundtable event of the year, The Protective Power of Behavioural Threat Assessment (& Management) (BTAM). The presentation was conducted by guest speaker Andrea Ringrose, Director of Campus Public Safety at Simon Fraser University, who is also on the Board of Directors at Canadian Association of Threat Assessment Professionals. Ringrose’s presentation gave an overview on behavioural threat assessment and management, and how public safety and caring for persons of concern are interconnected when assessing threats and risks. Subsequently, Ringrose answered questions submitted by the audience, which focused on the assessment of different offender types, the handling bias during the BTAM process, the role of artificial intelligence, and the possibility of echo chambers accelerating behaviour. APA Citation CASIS Vancouver. (2020). The protective power of behavioural threat assessment (& management) (BTAM). The Journal of Intelligence, Conflict, and Warfare, 3(2), 77-83. https://journals.lib.sfu.ca/index.php/jicw/article/view/2409/1816.


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