Gewerkschaftliche Geschlechterpolitik

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Holland
Keyword(s):  
Trade Unions ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Gender Politics ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
German Trade ◽  
Historical Comparison ◽  
Positive Discrimination ◽  
Interpretation Patterns ◽  
Cross National

How are trade unions reacting to the persisting gender inequalities in the labour market in Germany and France? This study addresses this question using a historical comparison, a comparison of the organisations in question as well as a comparison of typical interpretation patterns of trade union gender politics. While gender relations in French trade unions turn out to be more egalitarian, positive discrimination of women is especially important in German trade unions. Historically, this can be explained by the development of different structures and the cultures of women’s employment and trade unions in both countries. However, gendered knowledge, which was reconstructed here from qualitative interviews with union secretaries, also shows cross-national similarities. Thus, the typology of interpretive patterns of union-based gender politics expresses parallel problems in the unequal division of labour between the sexes and the spread of precarious employment.

scholarly journals Lean Work and Gender Inequalities: Manufacturing Consent at a Multinational Car Plant in Provincial Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Krzywdzinski ◽  
Grzegorz Lechowski ◽  
Valentina Mählmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Local Labour Market ◽  
Local Labour ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
And Gender ◽  
High Level

How do local labour market structures, in tandem with workforce dispositions and attitudes, influence the way multinational companies localise their standardised work and production systems? This article investigates the conflict-ridden factory regime of a lean automotive plant in provincial Russia at which the management was able to secure a relatively high level of consent among its female workers but not among male workers. In order to explain this gendered pattern of worker consent, the plant-internal gender division of labour and two societal factors proved crucial: the gendered segmentation of the local labour market and the workers’ cultural dispositions. At the same time, the analysis points to the transformative effect that the company’s work and production system had on the local labour regime. The case study relies on a combination of quantitative survey data and qualitative interviews. It emphasises the need to reconnect the analysis of branch-plant factory regimes to a nuanced understanding of their embeddedness within local labour markets – also in the case of highly standardised work and production systems.  KEY WORDS: labour control regime; labour process; labour market; lean production; gender relations

scholarly journals The Academic Profession in Neoliberal Times: A Gendered View

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Gaiaschi
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Academic Profession ◽  
Early Career ◽  
The Other ◽  
Career Stages ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Model Research ◽  
Managerial Culture ◽  
The One

While witnessing a feminization of its workforce, the academic profession has experienced a process of market-based regulation that has contributed to the precarization of early career phases and introduced a managerial culture based on competition, hyper-productivity, and entrepreneurship. This paper aims to investigate the implications of these changes for female academics. A mixed model research design was used based on administrative data on the Italian academic population and qualitative interviews with life scientists within a specific academic institution. Results show that the implications of university transformations in terms of gender heterogeneity are complex. On the one hand, the increased precarization of early career stages has increased gender inequalities by reducing female access to tenured positions. On the other, the adoption of performance-based practices has mixed consequences for women, entailing both risks and opportunities, including spaces of agency which may even disrupt male-dominated hierarchies.

Fostering Entrepreneurship at the Spanish University

2018 ◽  
pp. 1011-1040
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Pastor-Gosálbez ◽  
Ana Isabel Blanco ◽  
Adelina Rodríguez ◽  
Ana Acosta ◽  
Paloma Pontón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
University System ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Spanish Universities ◽  
The University ◽  
Freelance Work ◽  
Gender Division Of Labour

In this chapter we discuss the policies for fostering entrepreneurship at Spanish universities and how these policies may be related with the low participation of women in university spin-offs. Using our results from the first part of the EQUASPIN project1, we also discuss the effects of the gender division of labour on the creation of freelance work within the specific framework of knowledge-transfer companies. We also present some of our findings with regard to gender differences in both the creation of spin-offs and the role of the university system in the production and reproduction of gender inequalities.

Gender Inequalities in Japan

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-52
Author(s):  
Kaori Honjo
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Society ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Role Identities ◽  
Male Breadwinner ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Post War

Striking gender inequalities in Japanese society are rooted in beliefs about gender division of labour. Gender-based social norms have driven employment and working practices such as long working hours. The male breadwinner model has only recently started to give way to more diverse role identities. Despite persistent gender inequalities, Japanese women have the longest life expectancy in the world. This paradoxical relationship can be explained by 1) overall women’s positive health behaviours, 2) Japan’s post-war social security programmes, protecting the vast majority of full-time homemakers, and 3) women’s roles in the household and the relation with their psychological wellbeing. The rigidity in current social programmes has failed to meet the needs of increasingly diverse Japanese society, which has contributed to rising female poverty and associated health problems.

Unions as institutional entrepreneurs

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-490
Author(s):  
Simone Pulcher ◽  
Marco Guerci ◽  
Thomas Köllen
Keyword(s):  
Trade Unions ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Orientation Field ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Institutional Entrepreneurs ◽  
Italian Context

Purpose Research on the diffusion and adaptation of LGBT diversity management practices has, until now, rarely considered the role of unions in this process; where it has done, the consideration has largely been cursory or tangential. In order to contribute towards overcoming this research gap, the purpose of this paper is to focus more closely on this issue, within the Italian context. Design/methodology/approach Theoretically based on the notion of institutional entrepreneurship, the paper analyses the ways in which trade unions contribute to the diffusion of LG-inclusive policies. Empirically this study is based on qualitative interviews with representatives from the unions, LGBT activists and individuals from those companies that have received support from the unions in terms of shaping their initiatives. Findings Italian unions act as institutional entrepreneurs in the sexual orientation field by framing the issue of the inclusion of LGBT workers as an issue of including minority groups under the broad umbrella of equality in workplaces, and by cooperating with LGBT associations. The latter provides the unions with two different things. First, with more legitimacy, from the viewpoint of LGBT employees; second, with the specific competencies in dealing with these issues. The accomplishments of the unions consist of arranging single agreements concerning the establishment of “punishment systems” for discriminatory behaviours, rather than promoting inclusion-oriented behaviours within the organization. Originality/value This paper highlights the role of unions, and in doing so, focusses on a hitherto marginalized actor in the process of adapting LGBT diversity initiatives. In focussing on the Italian context, it adds an important perspective to a discourse that has previously consisted of predominantly Anglo-American views.

What is “Toxic Masculinity” and Why Does it Matter?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1097184X2094325
Author(s):  
Dr. Carol Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Gender Politics ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Gender Hierarchies ◽  
The Early 21St Century ◽  
Men's Movements

Coined in late 20th-century men’s movements, “toxic masculinity” spread to therapeutic and social policy settings in the early 21st century. Since 2013, feminists began attributing misogyny, homophobia, and men’s violence to toxic masculinity. Around the same time, feminism enjoyed renewed popularization. While some feminist scholars use the concept, it is often left under-defined. I argue that talk of toxic masculinity provides an intriguing window into gender politics in any given context. However, feminists should not adopt toxic masculinity as an analytical concept. I consider the term’s origins, history, and usage, arguing that it appears in individualizing discourses that have historically targeted marginalized men. Thus, accusations of toxic masculinity often work to maintain gender hierarchies and individualize responsibility for gender inequalities to certain bad men.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document