Chronic Inflammation and S100A12/ Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts Axis: A Novel Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease?

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health concern that affects approximately 10% of the global population. CKD is associated with poor outcomes due to high frequencies of comorbidities such as heart failure and cardiovascular disease. Uremic toxins are compounds that are usually filtered and excreted by the kidneys. With the decline of renal function, uremic toxins are accumulated in the systemic circulation and tissues, which hastens the progression of CKD and concomitant comorbidities. Gut microbial dysbiosis, defined as an imbalance of the gut microbial community, is one of the comorbidities of CKD. Meanwhile, gut dysbiosis plays a pathological role in accelerating CKD progression through the production of further uremic toxins in the gastrointestinal tracts. Therefore, the gut-kidney axis has been attracting attention in recent years as a potential therapeutic target for stopping CKD. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) generated by gut microbiota is linked to the progression of cardiovascular disease and CKD. Also, advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) not only promote CKD but also cause gut dysbiosis with disruption of the intestinal barrier. This review summarizes the underlying mechanism for how gut microbial dysbiosis promotes kidney injury and highlights the wide-ranging interventions to counter dysbiosis for CKD patients from the view of uremic toxins such as TMAO and AGEs.

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FP615DEPOSISTS OF ADVANCED GLYCATION ENDPRODUCTS IN RADIAL ARTERY SAMPLES AS A PREDICTOR FOR MEDIAL ARTERIAL CALCIFICATION IN NON-DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfv181.08 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 30 (suppl_3) ◽

pp. iii278-iii278

Author(s):

Katarzyna Krzanowska ◽

Marcin Krzanowski ◽

Mariusz Gajda ◽

Paulina Dumnicka ◽

Danuta Fedak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Radial Artery ◽

Advanced Glycation Endproducts ◽

Arterial Calcification ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Advanced Glycation ◽

Glycation Endproducts ◽

Medial Arterial Calcification

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Specific diseases: renal disease

ESC CardioMed ◽

10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0643 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 2670-2673

Author(s):

Susanna Price

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Renal Disease ◽

Independent Risk Factor ◽

Hospital Admissions ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Potential Methods

Chronic kidney disease is a global health burden, with an estimated prevalence of 11–13%, with the majority of patients diagnosed as stage 3, and is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The incidence of acute kidney injury is increasing, and estimated to be present in one in five acute hospital admissions, and there is a bidirectional relationship between acute and chronic kidney disease. The relevance to the patient with cardiovascular disease relates to increased perioperative risk, as reduced kidney function is an independent risk factor for adverse postoperative cardiovascular outcomes including myocardial infarction, stroke, and progression of heart failure. Furthermore, patients undergoing cardiovascular investigations are at risk of developing acute kidney injury, in particular where iodinated contrast is administered. This chapter reviews the classification of renal disease and its impact on cardiovascular disease, as well as potential methods for reducing the development of contrast-induced acute kidney injury.

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