Interaction Between Hydraulic and Numerical Models for the Design of Hydraulic Structures

Design of earth dams and their issues during and after construction is very important for residents downstream of the dam because of the potential risks and possible breakdowns. In the design of dams, various forces influence the dam body, including uplift pressure and piping phenomenon which should be considered in order to ensure the safety of the dam. Among the measures taken to prevent the washing away phenomenon, the reduction of the output gradient, and the leakage discharge from beneath the hydraulic structures, construction of the grout curtain and installation of the drainage are applicable. Therefore, in order to investigate the effect of various parameters such as the gradient angle of the grout curtain, length, and distance and the number of grout curtains, as well as the length of the drainage on the pressure and output gradient of the numerical models, were considered in current study. For this purpose, the SEEP/W software was used for modeling on Sattarkhan Dam as a case study. The results of the analysis showed that the use of the Qa’im grout curtain at the upstream of the dam has the highest resistance against the pressure and piping phenomenon. The results also showed that increase in the length of the curtain of the water seal increases safety against uplift and piping phenomenon. The use of further spacing between the two grout curtains under the core of the dam led to increase in overall pressure or reduction in safety against uplift pressure. Increase in the length of the horizontal drainage reduced the effects of uplift pressure and output gradient. Results show that period of 70 to 110 degree is appropriate for curtain angle and setting curtain in upstream of dam core with angle of 70 to 80 degree is optimum and economic. A length of 30 m is optimum for curtain. The number of 2 curtains is also optimum. Studying various scenarios of distance of 2 curtains in dam core indicates that distance of 6 m is optimum and also length of 18 m for horizontal drainage is optimum.

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Mathematical simulation in the system of safety monitoring of hydraulic structures and automated control systems of stress-strain state

Vestnik MGSU ◽

10.22227/1997-0935.2021.12.1582-1591 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1582-1591

Author(s):

Dmitry S Dmitriev ◽

Alexander A. Uchevatkin

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Models ◽

Control Systems ◽

Strain State ◽

Numerical Models ◽

Safety Monitoring ◽

Hydraulic Structures ◽

Monitoring Systems ◽

Stress Strain ◽

Automated Control ◽

Stress Strain State

Introduction. The article describes the features of the systems for monitoring the safety of hydraulic structures, which are based on the apparatus of mathematical and computer modeling. Prospects for the use of automated control systems for the stress-strain state of building structures of hydraulic structures are considered. Materials and methods. An analytical review of foreign examples of the implementation of monitoring systems for high-pressure hydraulic structures based on mathematical models is presented. The results of computational studies of the Zagorsk PSPP complex within the framework of the hardware and software complex for safety monitoring are shown. The concept of automated stress-strain state control systems is described. Results. The advantages and limitations of widely used, domestic and foreign automated information and diagnostic systems are outlined. On specific examples of the integration of numerical models of hydraulic structures into integrated systems for monitoring the safety of hydraulic structures, methods of expanding the capabilities of monitoring systems in terms of analyzing the stress-strain state of structures and predictive estimates are demonstrated. Insufficient elaboration of the issues of management of the stress-strain state of structures is noted, but the need to develop special structural elements with variable parameters to influence the stress-strain state of hydraulic structures is substantiated. Conclusions. The data presented in the article confirm the need to develop systems for monitoring the safety of hydraulic structures based on complex, multiphysics mathematical models, which can significantly expand the functionality of monitoring systems and, as a result, improve the safety of hydraulic structures. The analysis of world experience indicates the growing lag of the Russian hydropower industry in terms of the integration of mathematical models into the safety monitoring systems for hydraulic structures, which obviously requires additional research and practical work in this area.

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Modeling of broad crested weirs by using dynamic similarity and CFD

Romanian Journal of Ecology & Environmental Chemistry ◽

10.21698/rjeec.2020.212 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 86-98

Author(s):

Ali Yildiz ◽

◽

Goknur Elif Yarbasi ◽

Alpaslan Yarar ◽

Ali Ihsan Marti

Keyword(s):

Open Channel ◽

Scale Effects ◽

Numerical Models ◽

Real Life ◽

Mesh Size ◽

Water Levels ◽

Hydraulic Structures ◽

Ansys Fluent ◽

Geometric Similarity ◽

Upstream Side

Broad crested weirs and steps are used to regulate the flow in the channel, increase the water level at the upstream side, and measure the discharge. The construction of the broad crested weirs is more practical and also they are more stable compared with the other types of weirs. To serve in accordance with the purpose of their construction, broad crested weirs should be designed and built by considering certain criteria. Before the hydraulic structures are built, model experimental setups are constructed in the laboratory and problems to be encountered are tried to be determined. However, there may be differences between the structure to be built in real life (prototype) and model due to scale effect. These possible differences must be determined and necessary measures must be taken. In this study, the model and prototype of the broad crested weir are constructed in two different open channel systems by using Froude similarity. The geometric similarity between model and prototype is determined as Lr = 4. 44 experimental data were collected from model and prototype. The results obtained from the model and prototype are compared according to hydraulic similarity rules. In addition to the physical experimental setups, numerical models were created using the ANSYS Fluent for the model and prototype separately. By comparing the numerical model and physical experimental setups, optimum mesh size is tried to be determined. According to the results obtained from experimental setups, differences were observed in the position of critical flow depths and downstream water levels due to scale effects.

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A Novel Approach for the Integral Management of Water Extremes in Plain Areas

Hydrology ◽

10.3390/hydrology6030070 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 70 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Guevara Ochoa ◽

Masson ◽

Cazenave ◽

Vives ◽

Amábile

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Green Infrastructure ◽

Surface Runoff ◽

Peak Flow ◽

Numerical Models ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Hydraulic Structures ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Event Based ◽

The Impact

: Due to the socioeconomical impact of water extremes in plain areas, there is a considerable demand for suitable strategies aiding in the management of water resources and rainfed crops. Numerical models allow for the modelling of water extremes and their consequences in order to decide on management strategies. Moreover, the integration of hydrologic models with hydraulic models under continuous or event-based approaches would synergistically contribute to better forecasting of water extreme consequences under different scenarios. This study conducted at the Santa Catalina stream basin (Buenos Aires province, Argentina) focuses on the integration of numerical models to analyze the hydrological response of plain areas to water extremes under different scenarios involving the implementation of an eco-efficient infrastructure (i.e., the integration of a green infrastructure and hydraulic structures). The two models used for the integration were: the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and the CELDAS8 (CTSS8) hydrologic-hydraulic model. The former accounts for the processes related to the water balance (e.g., evapotranspiration, soil moisture, percolation, groundwater discharge and surface runoff), allowing for the analysis of water extremes for either dry or wet conditions. Complementarily, CTSS8 models the response of a basin to a rainfall event (e.g., runoff volume, peak flow and time to peak flow, flooded surface area). A 10-year data record (2003–2012) was analyzed to test different green infrastructure scenarios. SWAT was able to reproduce the waterflow in the basin with Nash Sutcliffe (NS) efficiency coefficients of 0.66 and 0.74 for the calibration and validation periods, respectively. The application of CTSS8 for a flood event with a return period of 10 years showed that the combination of a green infrastructure and hydraulic structures decreased the surface runoff by 28%, increased the soil moisture by 10% on an average daily scale, and reduced the impact of floods by 21% during rainfall events. The integration of continuous and event-based models for studying the impact of water extremes under different hypothetical scenarios represents a novel approach for evaluating potential basin management strategies aimed at improving the agricultural production in plain areas.

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An Adjustable Marine Fender System Programmed with the Aid of Numerical Models in Order to Minimize Berthing and Mooring Loads

Coastal Engineering 1986 ◽

10.1061/9780872626003.203 ◽

1987 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tj. J. Risselada ◽

C. Deelen

Keyword(s):

Numerical Models

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Supply Air Window PAZIAUD®: Comparison of Two Numerical Models for Integration in Thermal Building Simulation

Proceedings of the 2012 (3rd) International Conference on Engineering, Project, and Production Management ◽

10.32738/ceppm.201209.0028 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Gloriant F. ◽

◽

Tittelein P. ◽

Joulin A. ◽

Lassue S. ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Numerical Models ◽

Building Simulation

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Stochastic simulation of the spatio-temporal field of the average daily heat index in Southern Russia

Climate Research ◽

10.3354/cr01623 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 82 ◽

pp. 149-160

Author(s):

N Kargapolova

Keyword(s):

Heat Waves ◽

Numerical Models ◽

Heat Index ◽

Real Field ◽

Gaussian Field ◽

The Real ◽

Southern Russia ◽

Weather Stations ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

Temporal Field

Numerical models of the heat index time series and spatio-temporal fields can be used for a variety of purposes, from the study of the dynamics of heat waves to projections of the influence of future climate on humans. To conduct these studies one must have efficient numerical models that successfully reproduce key features of the real weather processes. In this study, 2 numerical stochastic models of the spatio-temporal non-Gaussian field of the average daily heat index (ADHI) are considered. The field is simulated on an irregular grid determined by the location of weather stations. The first model is based on the method of the inverse distribution function. The second model is constructed using the normalization method. Real data collected at weather stations located in southern Russia are used to both determine the input parameters and to verify the proposed models. It is shown that the first model reproduces the properties of the real field of the ADHI more precisely compared to the second one, but the numerical implementation of the first model is significantly more time consuming. In the future, it is intended to transform the models presented to a numerical model of the conditional spatio-temporal field of the ADHI defined on a dense spatio-temporal grid and to use the model constructed for the stochastic forecasting of the heat index.

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