scholarly journals Sunflower Leaf Senescence: A Complex Genetic Process with Economic Impact on Crop Production

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastián Moschen ◽  
Agustín I. López Gialdi ◽  
Norma Paniego ◽  
Paula Fernandez ◽  
Ruth Amelia Heinz
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Genetic Process

Economic Impact of Climate Change on Crop Production in Ethiopia: Evidence from Cross-section Measures

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. T. Deressa ◽  
R. M. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change

scholarly journals ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE SUGARCANE APHID OUTBREAK IN SOUTH TEXAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAMUEL D. ZAPATA ◽  
REBEKKA DUDENSING ◽  
DANIELLE SEKULA ◽  
GABRIELA ESPARZA-DÍAZ ◽  
RAUL VILLANUEVA
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Rio Grande Valley ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
South Texas ◽  
Monetary Value ◽  
Sugarcane Aphid

AbstractThe objective of this study was to estimate the economic impact of the sugarcane aphid (SCA) outbreak in the Rio Grande Valley (RGV), Texas. Local producers were surveyed to gather detailed information about crop production and pest control practices. Collected data were used to estimate the reduction in profit associated with the SCA infestation, as well as the monetary value of the prevented loss attributed to control efforts. Sorghum industry losses were then used to assess the overall economic impact of the SCA outbreak in the RGV economy.

scholarly journals Assessing the Economic Impact of the Coronavirus Pandemic on the Production and Distribution of Livestock Across Value Chain Approach: The Case of Kellem Wollega Zone, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 097300522199336
Author(s):  
Fikiru Temesgen ◽  
Milkessa Wakjira ◽  
Abdissa Abirham
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Regional State ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Small Holder Farmers ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Government ◽  
Fiscal And Monetary Policy

The aim of the study was to assess the economic impact of the Coronavirus on the production and distribution of livestock across the value chain approach in the case of Kellem Wollega Zone, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia, based on a total survey of 320 farmers. Descriptive statistics were used to present the effects of the pandemic on the marketing and consumption of major crop production and dairy products in the study areas. Survey result indicated that about 160 small holder farmers those involved in agriculture in the study areas were impacted by COVID-19 crises because the revenue of the farmer were close to down from 25 per cent to 50 per cent. The survey results also indicated that more than 37 per cent of the sample households in the study area affected by the COVID-19 crisis on workforce reduced consumer confidence. Lower demand in virus-affected states across the world will be transferred down the value chain, affecting demand and production levels at each stage, even in areas not directly affected by the virus. It seems that logistical issues linked to the COVID-19 crisis are creating extra costs in the coffee marketing system. Logistical and administrative issues regarding to the COVID-19 during the production time in the study areas were very low to providing service particularly input and fertilizer for the farmers on the time. Therefore, this study recommends that both fiscal and monetary policy instruments introduced by the government to fight the pandemic shall be continued, enforced and implemented in a coordinated way to support the effectiveness of interventions until the economy recovers.

scholarly journals Seed Pre-Soaking with Melatonin Improves Wheat Yield by Delaying Leaf Senescence and Promoting Root Development

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Ye ◽  
Wenjia Yang ◽  
Yulin Li ◽  
Shiwen Wang ◽  
Lina Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Assimilation Capacity

The effects of exogenous application of melatonin (MEL) on promoting plant growth and alleviating environmental stresses are already known, but the potential value in crop production is still poorly understood. In this study, the effects of seed pre-soaking with MEL on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and yield were investigated in a continuous two-year pot experiment and another year of field experimentation. Results showed that seed pre-soaking with different concentrations of MEL (10, 100 and 500 μM) for 24 h increased grain yields per plant from 29% to 80% in pot experiment and increased grain yield per area from 4–19% in field experiment, compared with the controls. Further analysis showed that the beneficial effects of MEL on improving wheat grain yield can be ascribed to: (1) increased spike number by enhancing tiller number; (2) enhanced carbon assimilation capacity by maintaining large leaf area, high photosynthetic rate and delaying leaf senescence; (3) promoted growth in root system. The result of this study suggests that MEL could be considered as an effective plant growth regulator for improving grain production in winter wheat.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND PHOTOPERIOD ON THE LEAF SENESCENCE AND PARTITIONING OF ASTILBE AND PAEONIA

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 493D-493
Author(s):  
Amihan M. Lubag-Arquiza ◽  
Hans C. Wien
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Natural Photoperiod ◽  
Total Plant Biomass ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Bare Root

The effect of temperature and photoperiod on leaf senescence and partitioning were studied in Fall 2004 using Astilbe simplicifolia `praecox alba' and Paeonia hybrid `Barrington Belle' and Fall 2005 using Paeonia Paula Fay and Astilbe chinensis ×purpurea. Bare root divisions and crowns were potted and grown outdoors during the spring and summer. Plants were treated to either Ithaca fall outdoor and controlled warm (70–60 °F) environment under normal daylength (about 12 hours) or longday (LD15 hours in 2004 and 16 hours in 2005). The chlorophyll readings and senescing leaves were significantly affected by treatments in the two plants in 2004. There was no significant difference in the change in the total dry biomass in Paeonia hybrid `Barrington Belle' grown under different treatments but the number of large buds was highest in those grown at 70–60 °F at LD. Higher total plant biomass was observed over-all in Astilbe simplicifolia `praecox alba' in warmer greenhouse environment and under LD. The effect of photoperiod and its interaction with temperature were significant in weights of Astilbe simplicifolia `praecox alba' roots. Greenhouse grown plants had higher bud numbers compared to outdoor-grown plants. In 2005, Astilbe chinensis ×purpurea in the greenhouse under LD had more shoots and large buds than the other treatments. Senescing leaf and chlorophyll reading was affected by temperature and photoperiod and its interaction. Paeonia Paula Fay under LD outdoors had more large buds than those under natural photoperiod, but is similar in effect to those in the greenhouse. Results may be used to improve propagule quality, adjust crop production cycle and cultivation in different climate.

Economic Impact of Vegetable Variety in Haryana: A Case of Pusa Rudhira of Carrot

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-151
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Demand Elasticity ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Economic Surplus ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio

ABSTRACT This study aimed at assessing the economic impact of Pusa Rudhira variety using an economic surplus approach during 2014-15 in Haryana. Primary data were collected from Panipat, Sonepat and Fatehabad districts purposively on account of a large area under vegetable cultivation and the total sample was 120 farmers. The results revealed that there was an economic surplus of 100.84 crores generated out of this technology. Of this total surplus, the share of producers’ and consumers’ gains was around 66 and 34 percent respectively. It implied that such benefits came from investment in research of this crop production technology. Financial viability analysis of returns to investment in research of developing the Pusa Rudhira variety showed that the project was economically viable since benefit-cost ratio (BCR) and internal rate of return (IRR) was 447 and 138 percent respectively. Sensitivity analysis was conducted, four scenarios were developed keeping both supply and demand elasticity at a different level. While keeping inelastic demand and supply elastic, the economic surplus was 59.4 crore.

scholarly journals Measuring the Economic Impact of Climate Change on Crop Production in the Dry Zone of Myanmar: A Ricardian Approach

Climate ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Aung Tun Oo ◽  
Guido Van Huylenbroeck ◽  
Stijn Speelman
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Global Circulation Models ◽  
Dry Zone ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Myanmar is the country with the highest economic vulnerability (EV) to climate change in the Southeast Asian region. The dry zone of Myanmar occupies two-thirds of the agricultural lands and it has higher temperatures than elsewhere in the country. Climate change has severe impacts on agricultural production in this region. Moreover, changes in the precipitation patterns increase the likelihood of crop failures in the short-run and production declines in the long run. Therefore, an assessment of the economic impacts of climate change on crop production in the dry zone of Myanmar is very relevant. This paper examines the interactions between agriculture and climate and assesses the economic impact of climate change while using a Ricardian model. A cross-sectional survey covering three regions in the central dry zone: (Magwe, Mandalay, and Sagaing regions) was conducted, yielding a sample of 425 farmers. A non-linear relationship between climate indicators (temperature and precipitation) and revenue of land was found. The marginal effects were calculated by selecting economic and socio-demographic variables. The estimated marginal impacts suggest that the projected changes in temperature will affect the crop productivity of the region. The results also show that the temperature and rainfall components of global warming are both important. Predictions from three global circulation models all confirm that temperature is predicted to increase in all seasons. A significant marginal impact of increasing temperature on the net revenue of farm households was observed in the region. These findings call for policy makers and development planners to articulate the necessary climate change adaptation measures and mitigation options for reducing the negative impacts of climate change. Improved management and conservation of the available water resources could generate water for irrigation purposes and the dissemination of climate smart agricultural practices could lessen the negative impacts of climate change effects on agriculture in the dry zone of Myanmar.

Cytokinin biochemistry in relation to leaf senescence. VIII. Translocation, metabolism and biosynthesis of cytokinins in relation to sequential leaf senescence of tobacco

1992 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santokh Singh ◽  
D. S. Letham ◽  
L. M. S. Palni
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Senescence
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