Vitamin D and Autoimmune Diseases

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a worldwide health issue and its role as an immune modulator has recently been emphasized. Evidence increasingly indicates the important role of vitamin D in reducing the incidence of autoimmune diseases. However, at this time the search for its role in autoimmune diseases and thyroid is not critical. Objectives: The study aimed to assess the relationship between vitamin D deficiency in Sudanese patients with hypothyroidism. Methods: Analytical case control hospital based study, conducted in Fadil Hospital and Police Hospital, Khartoum city, Khartoum state. The study carried out from March 2018 to September 2018. A total of 100 subjects were enrolled in the study. Vitamin D deficiency was set at levels below 20 ng / ml. Thyroid hormones (TSH, T3 and T4) were assessed in all participants using auto analyzer TOSOH AIA 313,while vitamin D was estimated using ELIZA. The data were analyzed using SPSS version (21). Results: The study included 76(76%) females and 24(24%) males, no significance differences between thyroid profile among study population.75 (75%) deficiency of vitamin D and 25(25%) normal vitamin D. vitamin D deficiency was significantly lower in female than male with( p =0.001). Conclusion: The results indicated that patients with hypothyroidism suffer from vitamin D deficiency significantly associated with the degree and severity of hypothyroidism. This encourages the desirability of vitamin D supplementation and recommends the detection of vitamin D deficiency for all hypothyroidism patients.

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Vitamin D and autoimmune thyroid diseases (part 1)

Ukrainian Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology ◽

10.30978/ujpe2021-3-6 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 6-15

Author(s):

N. V. Volkova ◽

A. V. Solntseva

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Autoimmune Diseases ◽

Immune Cells ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Immunosuppressive Agents ◽

Thyroid Tissue ◽

Thyroid Diseases ◽

Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases ◽

Autoimmune Thyroid ◽

Autoimmune Pathology

Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) and Graves’ disease (GD) are common autoimmune diseases, and their prevalence assessed as 5 % of general population. Currently, selective immunosuppressive agents for pathogenetic treatment of autoimmune pathology are being developed. Vitamin D with the known antiinflammatory and immunoregulatory properties, is also of great interest. The first part of the article reviews the roles of various immune cells in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases, which is necessary to reveal the therapeutic potential of calcitriol in these disorders. Classically, AIT was considered to be mediated by Thelpers type 1 (Th1), and GD — by Thelpers type 2 (Th2). This misunderstanding was based on the idea that humoral immunity is controlled by Th2 cytokines, and cellular immunity — by Th1. In the past decades, the role of new subsets of immune cells in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases is being studied, displacing the traditional paradigm of Th1/Th2 dichotomy. It has been established that Thelpers type 17 (Th17) play an important role in the development of various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, previously classified as Th1dependent pathologies. The involvement of T and Bregulatory lymphocytes in the autoimmune process is also of particular interest. It was found that these cells accumulate in inflamed thyroid tissue in patients with thyroid pathology, but they are unable to suppress the immune response effectively. Further research will help to find out which immune cells can become targets for vitamin D agonists in the complex treatment of autoimmune diseases.

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Emerging Vitamin D Receptor-Centered Patterns of Genetic Overlap across Some Autoimmune Diseases and Associated Cancers

Journal of Genetic Syndromes & Gene Therapy ◽

10.4172/2157-7412.1000e123 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 04 (11) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yue Zhang

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Autoimmune Diseases ◽

Vitamin D Receptor ◽

Genetic Overlap

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Vitamin D and autoimmune diseases

Life Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116744 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 233 ◽

pp. 116744 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Rebeca Illescas-Montes ◽

Lucía Melguizo-Rodríguez ◽

Concepción Ruiz ◽

Víctor J. Costela-Ruiz

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Autoimmune Diseases

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Immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D receptor ligands in autoimmune diseases

International Immunopharmacology ◽

10.1016/s1567-5769(02)00049-8 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 2 (7) ◽

pp. 1017-1028 ◽

Cited By ~ 95

Author(s):

Luciano Adorini

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Autoimmune Diseases ◽

Vitamin D Receptor ◽

Receptor Ligands ◽

Immunomodulatory Effects

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Determinants of Vitamin D Levels in Children and Adolescents with Down Syndrome

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2015/896758 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Stefano Stagi ◽

Elisabetta Lapi ◽

Silvia Romano ◽

Sara Bargiacchi ◽

Alice Brambilla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Down Syndrome ◽

Autoimmune Diseases ◽

Hypovitaminosis D ◽

Outdoor Exposure ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Cholecalciferol Supplementation ◽

Age And Sex ◽

D Value

Background. Poor studies have evaluated 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D) levels in Down syndrome (DS).Objective. To assess in DS subjects serum 25(OH)D value, to identify risk factors for vitamin D deficiency, and to evaluate whether a normal 25(OH)D value can be restored with a 400 I.U. daily supplement of cholecalciferol in respect to controls.Methods. We have longitudinally evaluated 31 DS patients (aged 4.5–18.9 years old) and 99 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. In these subjects, we analysed calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25(OH)D concentrations, and calcium and 25(OH)D dietary intakes, and we quantified outdoor exposure. After 12.3 months (range 8.1–14.7 months) of 25(OH)D supplementation, we reevaluated these subjects.Results. DS subjects showed reduced 25(OH)D levels compared to controls (P<0.0001), in particular DS subjects with obesity (P<0.05) and autoimmune diseases history (P<0.005). PTH levels were significantly higher in DS subjects than controls (P<0.0001). After cholecalciferol supplementation, 25(OH)D levels were significantly ameliorated (P<0.05), even if reduced compared to controls (P<0.0001), in particular in DS subjects with obesity (P<0.05) and autoimmune diseases (P<0.001).Conclusions. Hypovitaminosis D is very frequent in DS subjects, in particular in presence of obesity and autoimmune diseases. In these subjects, there could be a need for higher cholecalciferol supplementation.

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