scholarly journals Novel Approach in Tunnel Safety Assessment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Vidmar
Keyword(s):  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Tunnel Safety

Event-based road safety assessment: A novel approach towards risk microsimulation in roundabouts

Measurement ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 108192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenin Alexander Bulla-Cruz ◽  
Aliaksei Laureshyn ◽  
Liliana Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Event Based

scholarly journals Introducing the STAMP method in road tunnel safety assessment

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 1806-1817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Kazaras ◽  
Konstantinos Kirytopoulos ◽  
Athanasios Rentizelas
Keyword(s):  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Road Tunnel ◽  
Tunnel Safety

Novel and Practicable Approach to Modeling Radionuclide Transport Through Heterogenous Geological Media

1997 ◽  
Vol 506 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Schneider ◽  
P. Zuidema ◽  
P.A. Smith ◽  
P. Gribi ◽  
M. Hugi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computational Efficiency ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Radionuclide Transport ◽  
Geological Medium ◽  
Transport Pathways ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Parameter Variations

ABSTRACTThis paper describes a novel approach to modelling radionuclide transport through a heterogeneous geological medium. It is assumed that a statistical description of the heterogeneity can be formulated. The approach then essentially consists of three steps: (i) sampling of a large number of potential transport pathways (15‘000 in this example), covering the ranges of properties; (ii) grouping of these pathways in a manner which reflects their importance for radionuclide transport into a small number of “legs” with appropriately averaged properties; (iii) modelling geosphere transport processes in these legs. It is demonstrated that the number of legs required to represent conservatively, but without excessive conservatism, all the transport pathways is small (5 in this example). This result is important for safety assessment, where many different parameter variations may need to be considered and where computational efficiency is often a vital issue.

scholarly journals A Novel Approach Based on Fluid Dynamics for On-Site Safety Assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Liu ◽  
Heap-Yih Chong ◽  
Pin-Chao Liao
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Novel Approach

Copper-dependent ATP7B up-regulation drives the resistance of TMEM16A-overexpressing head-and-neck cancer models to platinum toxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 476 (24) ◽  
pp. 3705-3719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avani Vyas ◽  
Umamaheswar Duvvuri ◽  
Kirill Kiselyov
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Platinum Resistance ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Platinum Compounds ◽  
Copper Chelation ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Cancer Models

Platinum-containing drugs such as cisplatin and carboplatin are routinely used for the treatment of many solid tumors including squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). However, SCCHN resistance to platinum compounds is well documented. The resistance to platinum has been linked to the activity of divalent transporter ATP7B, which pumps platinum from the cytoplasm into lysosomes, decreasing its concentration in the cytoplasm. Several cancer models show increased expression of ATP7B; however, the reason for such an increase is not known. Here we show a strong positive correlation between mRNA levels of TMEM16A and ATP7B in human SCCHN tumors. TMEM16A overexpression and depletion in SCCHN cell lines caused parallel changes in the ATP7B mRNA levels. The ATP7B increase in TMEM16A-overexpressing cells was reversed by suppression of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2), by the antioxidant N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC) and by copper chelation using cuprizone and bathocuproine sulphonate (BCS). Pretreatment with either chelator significantly increased cisplatin's sensitivity, particularly in the context of TMEM16A overexpression. We propose that increased oxidative stress in TMEM16A-overexpressing cells liberates the chelated copper in the cytoplasm, leading to the transcriptional activation of ATP7B expression. This, in turn, decreases the efficacy of platinum compounds by promoting their vesicular sequestration. We think that such a new explanation of the mechanism of SCCHN tumors’ platinum resistance identifies novel approach to treating these tumors.

Collecting Words: A Clinical Example of a Morphology-Focused Orthographic Intervention

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 544-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Murphy ◽  
Emily A. Diehm
Keyword(s):  
Written Language ◽  
Morphological Knowledge ◽  
English Orthography ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
The One ◽  
Critical Intervention ◽  
Reading And Spelling ◽  
Reading And Spelling Difficulties

Purpose Morphological interventions promote gains in morphological knowledge and in other oral and written language skills (e.g., phonological awareness, vocabulary, reading, and spelling), yet we have a limited understanding of critical intervention features. In this clinical focus article, we describe a relatively novel approach to teaching morphology that considers its role as the key organizing principle of English orthography. We also present a clinical example of such an intervention delivered during a summer camp at a university speech and hearing clinic. Method Graduate speech-language pathology students provided a 6-week morphology-focused orthographic intervention to children in first through fourth grade ( n = 10) who demonstrated word-level reading and spelling difficulties. The intervention focused children's attention on morphological families, teaching how morphology is interrelated with phonology and etymology in English orthography. Results Comparing pre- and posttest scores, children demonstrated improvement in reading and/or spelling abilities, with the largest gains observed in spelling affixes within polymorphemic words. Children and their caregivers reacted positively to the intervention. Therefore, data from the camp offer preliminary support for teaching morphology within the context of written words, and the intervention appears to be a feasible approach for simultaneously increasing morphological knowledge, reading, and spelling. Conclusion Children with word-level reading and spelling difficulties may benefit from a morphology-focused orthographic intervention, such as the one described here. Research on the approach is warranted, and clinicians are encouraged to explore its possible effectiveness in their practice. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12290687

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