scholarly journals Breeding Vegetables for Nutritional Security

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Rajasree ◽  
L. Pugalendhi
Keyword(s):  
Health Impacts ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Special Trait ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Dietary Choices ◽  
Revenue Streams ◽  
Recombinant Technology ◽  
Food Economy ◽  
Food Security And Nutrition ◽  
Global Food

The most dominant vegetables in the global food economy are tomato, cucurbits, (pumpkin, squash, cucumber and gherkin), allium (onion, shallot, garlic) and chili. These vegetables are consumed in nearly all countries although with much variation in shape, size, color and taste, while the marketing of global vegetables accounts for significant revenue streams, traditional vegetables often have superior nutritional properties. Biodiversity is considered essential for food security and nutrition and can contribute to the achievement through improved dietary choices and positive health impacts Through conventional breeding approach, it is possible to develop new vegetable varieties or integrate the favorable genes for neutraceuticals, bioactive compounds and edible color into cultivated varieties. Advances in molecular biology and recombinant technology have paved the way for enhancing the pace of special trait variety development using marker assisted breeding and designing new vegetable crop plants following transgenic approach.

scholarly journals Review of congruence between global crop wild relative hotspots and centres of crop origin/diversity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Maxted ◽  
Holly Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Crop Wild Relatives ◽  
Crop Domestication ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Adaptive Diversity ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Crop Origin ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
Global Datasets ◽  
Original Concept ◽  
Global Food

AbstractCrop wild relatives (CWR) are important sources of adaptive diversity for plant breeding programmes. This paper aims to investigate the extent to which the centres of crop origin/diversity are congruent with areas of high CWR diversity. We established the predicted potential CWR distributions for 1,425 CWR species related to 167 crops using 334,527 known distribution locations and generated a global CWR hotspot map. This was then compared to the centres of origin/diversity proposed by Vavilov (amended by Hawkes); Zeven and Zhukovsky’s mega gene centres, Harlan’s centres and non-centres of crop domestication; and crop domestication areas identified using current archaeological evidence proposed by Purugganan and Fuller. Greatest congruence between the global CWR hotspots and other concepts was found with the concept proposed by Vavilov and amended by Hawkes, but there remained significant differences between the CWR hotspots and Vavilov’s concept. This paper concludes that all four centre concepts reviewed have some overlap with CWR diversity but that Vavilov’s original concept has the closest geographic coincidence with CWR hotspots. With the benefit of significant additional global datasets to those used by Vavilov, we were able to suggest amendments to his concept, adding further centres based on CWR hotspots in west and east USA, West Africa, South-east Brazil and Australia. As a result of this study more precise targeting of CWR and crop landrace can be implemented in future, aiding global food and nutritional security.

A Review of “The Global Food Economy: The Battle for the Future of Farming”

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-640
Author(s):  
Daniel Niles
Keyword(s):  
The Future ◽  
Food Economy ◽  
Global Food

scholarly journals Current global food production is sufficient to meet human nutritional needs in 2050 provided there is radical societal adaptation

Elem Sci Anth ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Berners-Lee ◽  
C. Kennelly ◽  
R. Watson ◽  
C. N. Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Food Supply ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Regional Food ◽  
Dietary Choices ◽  
Edible Crops ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Current Production ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
Global Food

We present a quantitative analysis of global and regional food supply to reveal the flows of calories, protein and the micro-nutrients vitamin A, iron and zinc, from production through to human consumption and other end points. We quantify the extent to which reductions in the amount of human-edible crops fed to animals and, less importantly, reductions in waste, could increase food supply. The current production of crops is sufficient to provide enough food for the projected global population of 9.7 billion in 2050, although very significant changes to the socio-economic conditions of many (ensuring access to the global food supply) and radical changes to the dietary choices of most (replacing most meat and dairy with plant-based alternatives, and greater acceptance of human-edible crops currently fed to animals, especially maize, as directly-consumed human food) would be required. Under all scenarios, the scope for biofuel production is limited. Our analysis finds no nutritional case for feeding human-edible crops to animals, which reduces calorie and protein supplies. If society continues on a ‘business-as-usual’ dietary trajectory, a 119% increase in edible crops grown will be required by 2050.

Beyond Macroeconomics of Food and Nutrition Security

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ion Raluca Andreea
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
The People ◽  
Dietary Choices ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Food Security And Nutrition

This article aims to highlight what macroeconomics hides beyond the statistical data in respect to food and nutrition security in Romania, in the attempt to answer the question whether both food security and nutrition security have been achieved. The need of pursuing such an issue has emerged from the fact that we know too little about nutrition security, although there is a strong evidence base providing reliable information on food security. The main findings reveal that hardly all the people have economic access to safe, sufficient, nutritious food, that 15.3 percent live on less than $2.9 a day, while the average food consumption fits into a budget of $3.28 a day. People earning $2.9 a day have limited dietary choices; consequently, special scenarios for their diets have been worked out. The relevance of this article lies in its capacity to bring a clearer understanding of the links between food security and nutrition and to emphasize, in the end, that nutrition is a significant driver of food security.

scholarly journals Youth Workers’ Role in Engaging Youth in Health Advocacy for Community-Level Change

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
Maureen Toomey ◽  
Carol Smathers ◽  
Anne M. Iaccopucci ◽  
Karen Johnston ◽  
Elaine Johannes
Keyword(s):  
Youth Development ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Youth Workers ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Environment Change ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Development Professionals ◽  
Youth Development Professionals ◽  
Policy Systems

Youth development professionals and volunteers, here referred to collectively as “youth workers,” need to be prepared to engage young people as health advocates. Youth workers need an understanding of public health principles; policy, systems, environment change approaches; and effective youth–adult strategies to move from viewing youth as participants to engaged leaders in community health issues. Embracing youth as partners will create effective partnerships and yield substantial positive health impacts for the youth, adults, and their communities.

scholarly journals Global Agruciltural Responsibility

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Boglarka Szerb ◽  
András Bence Szerb ◽  
Arnold Csonka
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Domestic Literature ◽  
Global Agriculture ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Food Economy ◽  
Global Food

Today global agriculture is confronted in several areas with various interests in environmental protection. The global food economy will face major challenges in the coming decades. There is a need to use new technologies that can increase productivity while preserving natural resources and biodiversity, in a climate-friendly way and by maintaining site-specific ecosystem services. The purpose of this study is to explore the potential role of agroforestry systems in the sustainable development of global food production. In order to achieve this goal, we carried out the systematic processing of international and domestic literature and secondary data.

The global food economy: the battle for the future of farming

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Weis
Keyword(s):  
The Future ◽  
Food Economy ◽  
Global Food

scholarly journals HIA on affordable housing policies and its effect on health and services of vulnerable populations

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Chahalis ◽  
C Daines ◽  
M Jensen ◽  
J Miller
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Issue Lack of affordable housing in Utah for vulnerable populations such as immigrants/refugees, low-income families, single parents and individuals with disabilities. A health impact assessment is necessary to identify the negative health impacts that arise and to determine how a policy to provide more funding for affordable housing can benefit the population. This issue is not specific to Utah and is comparable to other housing situations and policies throughout the U.S. Description The six steps of an HIA were completed in 4 months to analyze the potential health effects of affordable housing policy changes among low-income families in Utah. The HIA team completed an extensive literature review and communicated with several stakeholders, policy makers, and community leaders. Public state and national data was gathered and analyzed using a logic model and characterization of effects table. Results The bill to increase funding will increase affordable housing units throughout Utah. The negative health impacts for the population will decrease such as respiratory illnesses, hospital visits, crime, mental health disorders, and stress. The bill would also help to increase family housing stability, economic development, educational opportunities for children, and access to transportation. Lessons The recommendations include the use of funding for new development or the renovation of existing units, the location of developments should be near public transit to allow residents to take advantage of services that previously would not have been accessible. Developments should be an integrated approach that includes social support and case management services to narrow the gap in Utah and other areas in the U.S. Key messages Policies to increase affordable housing produce positive health impacts for vulnerable populations. Overall efforts for affordable housing will give these vulnerable populations better access to basic human needs.

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