scholarly journals Phylogenetic Analysis of NS5B Region of Hepatitis C Genotype 3a Virus among Different Risk Groups in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Ranjbar Kermani ◽  
Kamran Mousavi Hosseini ◽  
Sedigheh Amini-Kafiabad ◽  
Mahtab Maghsudlu ◽  
Zohreh Sharifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Ns5b Region ◽  
Bleeding Disorders ◽  
Hcv Genotype ◽  
Genotype 3A

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of liver diseases. Transmission of HCV, as a blood-borne virus, is a major concern for the safety of blood products. In Iran, intravenous drug abuse is a major risk factor for HCV transmission. Recently a change in the distribution of HCV genotype among Iranian blood donors has been reported, and genotype 3a is reported as the most frequent genotype. Also, genotype 3a is the dominant genotype among IDUs. Objective: To investigate the association between HCV genotype 3a circulating in the community, sequences of HCV genotype 3a were analyzed among different risk groups in Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a partial sequence of the NS5B region of the HCV genome was isolated from 58 blood donors, 48 intravenous drug users (IDUs), and 31 patients with inherited bleeding disorders (IBDs) infected with HCV genotype 3a were included. The published sequence data were obtained from the Gen Bank database and were compared to construct the phylogenetic trees. Results: Of 58 blood donors infected with subtype 3a, 31 (53.5%) reported the risk of intravenous drug abuse. In the phylogenetic tree, no separate cluster was formed to differentiate between HCV sequences in blood donors and IDUs. A cluster at the middle level was found in the phylogenetic tree formed by sequences from blood donors, IDUs, and patients with inherited bleeding disorders. Conclusions: The phylogenetic tree showed the phylogenetic mixing of genotype 3a sequences in BDs, IBD patients, and IDUs. The results confirmed the extensive transmission of IDU-related genotype 3a towards the general population.

The hepatitis C virus NS5A protein and response to interferon α: mutational analyses in patients with chronic HCV genotype 3a infection from India

2006 ◽  
Vol 196 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankur Goyal ◽  
Wolf P. Hofmann ◽  
Eva Hermann ◽  
Stella Traver ◽  
Syed S. Hissar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Interferon Α ◽  
Hcv Genotype ◽  
Ns5a Protein ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Genotype 3A

scholarly journals Treatment of hepatitis C virus infection with direct-acting antiviral agent-based regimens in Iranian patients with hereditary bleeding disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidar Sharafi ◽  
Bita Behnava ◽  
Alireza Azizi-saraji ◽  
Ali Namvar ◽  
Ali Anvar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Antiviral Agent ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Virologic Response ◽  
Bleeding Disorders ◽  
Hcv Genotype ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Hcv Genotype 1 ◽  
Direct Acting

Abstract Background Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is one of the most important comorbidities in patients with hereditary bleeding disorders (HBD). The present study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of direct-acting antiviral agent (DAA)-based interferon-free HCV antiviral regimens in patients with HBD. Patients and methods The present study was performed on the patients with HBD and CHC between 2015 and 2019. Sofosbuvir-based interferon-free regimens with or without ribavirin were prescribed to treat HCV infection. The main endpoint of the study was to determine the sustained virologic response (SVR), assessed 12 weeks after the completion of treatment. Results A total of 147 patients with a mean age of 41.1 years were enrolled in the study; 4.1% of them were co-infected with HIV, 25.2% had cirrhosis, and 76.9% of them were diagnosed with hemophilia A. HCV genotype-1 includes the largest number (68.1%) of patients. 46.3% of patients were treatment-naïve and others had a treatment history with interferon-based regimens. Out of 147 patients, 15 patients were lost to follow-up during treatment or for SVR evaluation or discontinued treatment. 132 subjects completed treatment and were evaluated for SVR, 12 weeks after the completion of treatment. All of the patients achieved SVR 12 (SVR rate: 100%, 95% CI 97.2–100%). Conclusion Hepatitis C DAA-based regimens are the effective treatments for CHC in patients with HBD, regardless of the treatment modifiers such as previous treatment experience, cirrhosis, HIV co-infection, and HCV genotype.

scholarly journals ‘Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus genotypes in northern Greece in the last decade: descriptive analysis and clinical correlations’

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Gioula ◽  
E. Sinakos ◽  
E. Gigi ◽  
I. Goulis ◽  
T. Vasiliadis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Intravenous Drug Use ◽  
Genotype 1 ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Hcv Genotype

Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) represents a major public health problem, while the identification of a HCV genotype is clinically very important for therapy prescription. The aim of the present study was to determine the HCV genotype distribution patients from northern Greece with HCV RNA positive viral load and to identify whether there is a shift in this distribution, during 2009–2017. The study was performed on 915 HCV positive patients and according to the results, genotype 3 was the most prevalent genotype (Ν = 395, 43.2%) followed by genotype 1 (Ν = 361, 39.5%). Regarding the gender of the patients, genotype 1 was mostly detected in women. Moreover, genotype 1 was associated with higher viral loads, while genotype 3 was most frequently detected in patients with a history of intravenous drug use. In conclusion, our results show that genotype 3 is the most prevalent genotype in Greece during the last decade as opposed to older epidemiological studies, likely due to intravenous drug use becoming the major source of infection.

Development of full-length cell-culture infectious clone and subgenomic replicon for a genotype 3a isolate of hepatitis C virus

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingxiao Chen ◽  
Yi Xu ◽  
Ni Li ◽  
Ping Yin ◽  
Qing Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Infectious Clone ◽  
Virus Production ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
Subgenomic Replicon ◽  
Hcv Genotype ◽  
Hcv Genotype 3 ◽  
Genotype 3A

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 3 is widely distributed, and genotype 3-infected patients achieve a lower cure rate in direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy and are associated with a higher risk of hepatic steatosis than patients with other genotypes. Thus, the study of the virology and pathogenesis of genotype 3 HCV is increasingly relevant. Here, we developed a full-length infectious clone and a subgenomic replicon for the genotype 3a isolate, CH3a. From an infected serum, we constructed a full-length CH3a clone, however, it was nonviable in Huh7.5.1 cells. Next, we systematically adapted several intergenotypic recombinants containing Core-NS2 and 5′UTR-NS5A from CH3a, and other sequences from a replication-competent genotype 2 a clone JFH1. Adaptive mutations were identified, of which several combinations facilitated the replication of CH3a-JFH1 recombinants; however, they failed to adapt to the full-length CH3a and the recombinants containing CH3a NS5B. Thus, we attempted to separately adapt CH3a NS5B-3′UTR by constructing an intragenotypic recombinant using 5′UTR-NS5A from an infectious genotype 3a clone, DBN3acc, from which L3004P/M in NS5B and a deletion of 11 nucleotides (Δ11nt) downstream of the polyU/UC tract of the 3′UTR were identified and demonstrated to efficiently improve virus production. Finally, we combined functional 5′UTR-NS5A and NS5B-3′UTR sequences that carried the selected mutations to generate full-length CH3a with 26 or 27 substitutions (CH3acc), and both revealed efficient replication and virus spread in transfected and infected cells, releasing HCV of 104.2 f.f.u. ml−1. CH3acc was inhibited by DAAs targeting NS3/4A, NS5A and NS5B in a dose-dependent manner. The selected mutations permitted the development of subgenomic replicon CH3a-SGRep, by which L3004P, L3004M and Δ11nt were proven, together with a single-cycle virus production assay, to facilitate virus assembly, release, and RNA replication. CH3acc clones and CH3a-SGRep replicon provide new tools for the study of HCV genotype 3.

scholarly journals A prospective study of demographic profile, risk factors and pregnancy outcome in Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C virus positive pregnant women in a tertiary care centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 2393
Author(s):  
Arti Sharma ◽  
Shubhra Agarwal ◽  
Garima Bajpai ◽  
Anupriya Singh ◽  
Nikita Agarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Intravenous Drug Abuse ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Viral hepatitis is the most common liver disease in pregnancy and is also the most common cause of jaundice in pregnancy in tropical countries. Risk factors for transmission are intravenous drug abuse, surgical and dental procedures done without adequate sterilization of instruments, sexual route etc. Early diagnosis and management can prevent maternal and fetal complications. This study was done to evaluate the frequency, risk factors and pregnancy outcome in hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) positive antenatal women.Methods: This case control study was conducted in Teerthankar Mahaveer Medical College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India from January 2017 to June 2018 on total 2511 pregnant women. The serum samples were checked for presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and presence of IgG antibodies to HCV. Analysis of sociodemographic profile, risk factors and pregnancy outcome were done in all HBV and HCV positive women.Results: Out of 2511 pregnant women, 292 were tested positive for hepatitis. Maximum number of women were in the age group of 21-30 years. Most of the seropositive women were multipara. Frequency of positivity was maximum for HCV (67.1%). The risk factors for transmission in study population were intravenous drug abuse, blood transfusion, history of surgery and tattooing.Conclusions: Hepatitis infection rate is increasing. Universal screening for HBV and HCV can be recommended in pregnant women in developing countries. Education and awareness of public and health care workers can reduce the risk of transmission. 

High prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection and genotype distribution among general population, blood donors and risk groups

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed N. Khaja ◽  
Chandra Madhavi ◽  
Rekha Thippavazzula ◽  
Farees Nafeesa ◽  
Aejaz M. Habib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
General Population ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽  
High Prevalence
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