scholarly journals Classification of High-Resolution Computed Tomography Manifestations for COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanaz Alibabaei ◽  
Elham Rohollahpour ◽  
Marziyeh Tahmasbi
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Context: The early detection of COVID-19 is of paramount importance for the disease treatment and control. As real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction indicates a low sensitivity, the computed tomography of patients' chest can play an effective role in the diagnosis of COVID-19, particularly for patients with false-negative RT-PCR tests. It is also effective in monitoring the clinical trends and assessing the severity of the disease. Objectives: Accordingly, this study aimed to review the different manifestations of the COVID-19 infections in High-Resolution Computed Tomography images of patients' chests and analyze the distribution of the disease in the lungs. The results can contribute to providing a comprehensive and concise reference on the appearance of various types of involvement and lung lesions and the extent of these lesions in the COVID-19 patients. Data Sources: We systematically searched four major indexing databases (namely PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central) for articles published by May 2021 using the following keywords: High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT), COVID-19, and Manifestations. Results: Overall, 29 studies addressing the role of HRCT in detecting and evaluating the manifestations of the COVID-19 infection in patients' lungs as Ground Glass Opacification (GGO), Consolidation, Irregular Solid Nodules, Fibrous Stripes, Crazy Paving Pattern, Air Bronchogram Sign, etc. were reviewed. Conclusions: GGO was the most common finding, as reported in 96.6% of the reviewed articles, followed by Consolidations (65.5%) and Irregular Solid Nodules (55.2%). Most patients revealed the disease process as a bilateral distribution in the peripheral areas of the lung.

scholarly journals Tracheal Tube Obstruction in Mechanically Ventilated Patients Assessed by High-resolution Computed Tomography

2014 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 1226-1235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Mietto ◽  
Riccardo Pinciroli ◽  
Annop Piriyapatsom ◽  
John G. Thomas ◽  
Lynn Bry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Tracheal Tube ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Airflow Resistance ◽  
High Resolution Ct ◽  
Ventilated Patients

Abstract Background: Tracheal intubation compromises mucus clearance and secretions accumulate inside the tracheal tube (TT). The aim of this study was to evaluate with a novel methodology TT luminal obstruction in critically ill patients. Methods: This was a three-phase study: (1) the authors collected 20 TTs at extubation. High-resolution computed tomography (CT) was performed to determine cross-sectional area (CSA) and mucus distribution within the TT; (2) five TTs partially filled with silicone were used to correlate high-resolution CT results and increased airflow resistance; and (3) 20 chest CT scans of intubated patients were reviewed for detection of secretions in ventilated patients’ TT. Results: Postextubation TTs showed a maximum CSA reduction of (mean ± SD) 24.9 ± 3.9% (range 3.3 to 71.2%) after a median intubation of 4.5 (interquartile range 2.5 to 6.5) days. CSA progressively decreased from oral to lung end of used TTs. The luminal volume of air was different between used and new TTs for all internal diameters (P < 0.01 for new vs. used TTs for all studied internal diameters). The relationship between pressure drop and increasing airflow rates was nonlinear and depended on minimum CSA available to ventilation. Weak correlation was found between TT occlusion and days of intubation (R2 = 0.352, P = 0.006). With standard clinical chest CT scans, 6 of 20 TTs showed measurable secretions with a CSA reduction of 24.0 ± 3.9%. Conclusions: TT luminal narrowing is a common finding and correlates with increased airflow resistance. The authors propose high-resolution CT as a novel technique to visualize and quantify secretions collected within the TT lumen.

scholarly journals Identification of emphysema patterns in high resolution computed tomography images

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Musibau A. Ibrahim ◽  
Oladotun A. Ojo ◽  
Peter A. Oluwafisoye
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Hölder Exponent ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Box Counting ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Local Intensity ◽  
Box Counting Method

Fractal dimension (FD) is a very useful metric for the analysis of image structures with statistically self-similar properties. It has applications in areas such as texture segmentation, shape classification and analysis of medical images. Several approaches can be used for calculating the fractal dimension of digital images; the most popular method is the box-counting method. It is also very challenging and difficult to classify patterns in high resolution computed tomography images (HRCT) using this important descriptor. This paper applied the Holder exponent computation of the local intensity values for detecting the emphysema patterns in HRCT images. The absolute differences between the normal and the abnormal regions in the images are the key for a successful classification of emphysema patterns using the statistical analysis. The results obtained in this paper demonstrated the effectiveness of the predictive power of the features extracted from the Holder exponent in the analysis and classification of HRCT images. The overall classification accuracy achieved in lung tissue layers is greater than 90%, which is an evidence to prove the effectiveness of the methods investigated in this paper.

scholarly journals Paracoccidioidomycosis: level of pulmonary sequelae in high resolution computed tomography images from patients of two endemic regions of Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Rodrigues de Pina ◽  
Matheus Alvarez ◽  
Guilherme Giacomini ◽  
Ana Luiza Menegatti Pavan ◽  
Carlos Ivan Andrade Guedes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Computed Tomography Images

scholarly journals Evaluation of diffuse lung diseases by high resolution computed tomography of chest

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1655
Author(s):  
Poonam Vohra ◽  
Harsumeet S. Sidhu
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Diffuse Lung Diseases ◽  
Diffuse Lung

Background: Diffuse lung diseases describe a heterogeneous group of disorders of the lower respiratory tract characterized by inflammation and derangement of the interstitium and loss of functional alveolar units. The disease is not restricted to the interstitium only, as it involves epithelial, endothelial and mesenchymal cells with the disease process extending into the alveoli, acini and bronchioles. Thus, the entire pulmonary parenchyma is involved. The objective of the study was to evaluate diffuse lung diseases by high resolution computed tomography of chest.Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was done in 30 patients. Adult patients of either sex of age group 18 and above showing reticular opacities on chest X-ray and those patients who were incidentally diagnosed as cases of diffuse lung diseases on HRCT chest were included in present study.Results: Reticular opacities were the most common roentgenographic finding followed by reticulonodular opacities. On HRCT, intra and interlobular septal thickening was the most common finding in Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (usual interstitial pneumonia).Conclusions: High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is superior to the plain chest X-ray for early detection and confirmation of suspected diffuse lung diseases. In addition, HRCT allows better assessment of the extent and distribution of disease, and it is especially useful in the investigation of patients with a normal chest radiograph. Coexisting disease is often best recognized on HRCT scanning.

Role of high resolution computed tomography of temporal bone in management of chronic suppurative otitis media

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Jaiprakash Tak ◽  
Ajeet Kumar Khilnani
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) has widely replaced conventional techniques (X-Ray Mastoid bone) for temporal bone imaging. The most significant use of computed tomography lies in evaluation of cases of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM). The objective of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of HRCT scanning of temporal bone in defining the extent and severity of disease in patients with CSOM, thereby altering the surgical plan and outcome.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This prospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Ahmedabad. After obtaining approval from IEC (Institutional Ethical Committee), study was carried out on 50 patients diagnosed with CSOM of attico-antral type. Written informed consent of all patients was taken before enrollment in the study. HRCT scan findings were reviewed and correlated with per-operative findings.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of total 50 patients of CSOM, 26 (52%) were males. Majority of the patients (70%) were in the age group of 11 to 30 years. Left ear was involved in 40% of the patients. Majority of the patients (80%) presented with chief complaint of otorrhoea. In the present study, External Auditory Canal (EAC) was seen normal in majority of patients (82%) both radio logically and per operatively. HRCT scan was found to be very sensitive (96%) in diagnosing cholesteatoma. The sensitivity of HRCT for diagnosing disease in epitympanum, antrum and aditus was found to be 100%, 97% and 88% respectively. CT scans diagnosed erosion of malleus with 100% sensitivity and specificity and erosion of incus with 91% sensitivity and 100% specificity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> HRCT was helpful in determining the anatomy of the middle ear and mastoid, and accurately predicted the extent of the disease process of CSOM. </p>

scholarly journals Characteristics of chest high resolution computed tomography images of COVID-19: A retrospective study of 46 patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yibo Lu ◽  
Jingru Zhou ◽  
Yimei Mo ◽  
Shulin Song ◽  
Xue Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Clinical Records

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of chest high resolution computed tomography (CT) images of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: This is a retrospective study analyzing the clinical records and chest high-resolution CT images of 46 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 by nucleic acid tests and treated at our hospitals between January 2020 and February 2020. Results: Abnormalities in the CT images were found in 44 patients (95.6%). The lesions were unilateral in eight patients (17.4%), bilateral in 36 patients (78.3%), single in seven patients (15.9%), and multiple in 37 patients (84.1%). The morphology of the lesions was scattered opacity in 10 patients (21.7%), patchy opacity in 38 patients (82.6%), fibrotic cord in 17 patients (37.0%), and wedge-shaped opacity in two patients (4.3%). The lesions can be classified as ground-glass opacity in eight patients (17.4%), consolidation in one patient (2.2%), and ground-glass opacity plus consolidation in 28 patients (60.9%). Conclusion: Most COVID-19 patients showed abnormalities in chest CT images and the most common findings were ground-glass opacity plus consolidation. Abbreviations:COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019, CT: computed tomography,SARS-CoV-2: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, RNA: ribonucleic acid. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.3504 How to cite this:Lu Y, Zhou J, Mo Y, Song S, Wei X, Ding K. Characteristics of Chest high resolution computed tomography images of COVID-19: A retrospective study of 46 patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.3504 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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