Prostate Gland–like Epithelium in the Epididymis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract Aberrant prostatic tissue occurs commonly in the adult male urethra and bladder. Ectopic prostatic tissue occurring outside the urinary system is rare. One case with scattered prostate-type glands in epididymis has been reported in the literature. We report a related case, in which the presence of prostate gland–like epithelium was recognized in epididymal glands in routine histology and was confirmed by subsequent immunohistochemical analysis using prostate-specific antigen. We then examined 23 additional orchiectomy specimens for the presence of prostate-like epithelium. The possibility of this being true ectopia versus an unusual metaplastic change is discussed.

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Pure small-cell carcinoma of the prostate presenting with increasing prostate-specific antigen levels: A case report and review of the literature

Molecular and Clinical Oncology ◽

10.3892/mco.2018.1644 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Jia Hu ◽

Tao He ◽

Lu Jin ◽

Yifan Li ◽

Yang Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Prostate Specific Antigen ◽

Small Cell Carcinoma ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Small Cell ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Carcinoma Of The Prostate

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Prostate-specific antigen: biochemistry, analytical methods, and clinical application

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/39.2.181 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 181-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 179

Author(s):

D A Armbruster

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Prostate Specific Antigen ◽

Prostatic Cancer ◽

Prostate Gland ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Rate Of Change ◽

Prostatic Tissue ◽

Male Population ◽

Clinical Sensitivity ◽

Monitoring Therapy

Abstract Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a glycoprotein produced exclusively by prostatic tissue. PSA's absolute tissue specificity makes it valuable as a forensic marker and, more important, as a tumor marker for prostatic cancer. Prostatic cancer is prevalent in the older male population and is a major cause of death in men. Previously, prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) was used to help diagnose and monitor the efficacy of therapy for prostate cancer. PAP has now been displaced by PSA, which has greater clinical sensitivity even though it has less clinical specificity. PSA is useful for monitoring therapy, particularly surgical prostatectomy, because complete removal of the prostate gland should result in PSA being undetectable. Measurable PSA after radical prostatectomy indicates residual prostatic tissue or metastasis, and increasing PSA concentrations indicate recurrent disease. PSA is also useful for screening selected populations of patients with symptoms indicative of prostate cancer; its use for general screening is debatable because of its less-than-optimal specificity, the cost of unselected screening, and the lack of evidence that early detection of prostate cancer decreases morbidity and mortality. Distinguishing between patients with prostatic cancer and those with benign prostatic hypertrophy is particularly difficult because of the overlap in PSA values in the two groups. Determining the rate of change in PSA per year from serial measurements or calculating the ratio of PSA per volume of the prostate gland may allow these two groups to be more readily differentiated.

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Prostate-specific antigen in the cerebrospinal fluid leads to diagnosis of solitary cauda equina metastasis: a unique case report and review of the literature

British Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1038/bjc.1998.397 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 77 (12) ◽

pp. 2386-2389 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

B Schaller ◽

A Merlo ◽

E Kirsch ◽

K Lehmann ◽

PR Huber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Case Report ◽

Prostate Specific Antigen ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Cauda Equina ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Unique Case

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Conjunctival inverted squamous papilloma: A case report with immunohistochemical analysis and review of the literature

Survey of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1016/j.survophthal.2014.10.004 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 263-268 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Anna M. Stagner ◽

Frederick A. Jakobiec ◽

Anthony Chi ◽

Scott H. Bradshaw ◽

Silvino Diaz Mendoza

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Squamous Papilloma

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Omental metastasis with malignant ascites: an unusual manifestation of prostatic adenocarcinoma

Canadian Urological Association Journal ◽

10.5489/cuaj.86 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Sanjeev Madaan, ◽

Victor Palit ◽

Patricia Gudgeon ◽

Chandra Shekhar Biyani

Keyword(s):

Prostate Gland ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Malignant Ascites ◽

Prostatic Adenocarcinoma ◽

Second Line ◽

Antigen Level ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Clinical Progression ◽

Unusual Manifestation ◽

Omental Metastasis

Omental metastasis with malignant ascites from prostatic adenocarcinoma israre. This case report is about a patient who presented with a 24-hour historyof a swollen right leg. Clinical examination revealed a hard prostate and bloodbiochemistry demonstrated an elevated prostate specific antigen level. A Dopplerultrasound scan excluded deep venous thrombosis, but a CT scan of the abdomen revealed marked para-aortic lymphadenopathy and prostate gland biopsy confirmedprostatic adenocarcinoma. The patient was treated with goserelin. Three years later, he presented with ascites and an omental mass. Histology of theomental mass showed metastasis from the prostatic adenocarcinoma. He was treated with second-line hormonal therapy but died after 4 months. We discuss the clinical progression, with a review of the literature.

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Decreased concentrations of prostate-specific antigen and human glandular kallikrein 2 in malignant versus nonmalignant prostatic tissue

Urology ◽

10.1016/s0090-4295(00)00621-x ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 527-532 ◽

Cited By ~ 71

Author(s):

Angeliki Magklara ◽

Andreas Scorilas ◽

Carsten Stephan ◽

Glen O Kristiansen ◽

Steffen Hauptmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Specific Antigen ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Prostatic Tissue ◽

Glandular Kallikrein ◽

Kallikrein 2

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Prostate-specific antigen: Establishment of the reference range for the clinically normal prostate gland and the effect of digital rectal examination, ejaculation, and time on serum concentrations

The Prostate ◽

10.1002/pros.2990210203 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 99-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

William J. Glenski ◽

Joseph E. Oesterling ◽

George G. Klee ◽

Erik J. Bergstralh

Keyword(s):

Prostate Specific Antigen ◽

Reference Range ◽

Prostate Gland ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Digital Rectal Examination ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Normal Prostate ◽

Rectal Examination ◽

Clinically Normal

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Primary Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma of the Bladder: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Urologia Internationalis ◽

10.1159/000366139 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 94 (2) ◽

pp. 240-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Bingbing Liu ◽

Chuanshan Zhang ◽

Qin Zhang ◽

Guiqiu Liu ◽

Zhe Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Urinary Bladder ◽

Transurethral Resection ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma ◽

Diagnosis And Treatment ◽

Urinary System ◽

Rare Tumor ◽

Review Of The Literature

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare tumor of the urinary system. Only three cases of EHE of the bladder have been reported to date, and the biological properties of the tumor in this location remain poorly characterized. We report a case of primary EHE of the urinary bladder in a 58-year-old woman who was treated by transurethral resection and review the existing literature on the diagnosis and treatment of EHE of the bladder.

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