scholarly journals Oncocytic Renal Neoplasms on Resections and Core Biopsies: Our Approach to This Challenging Differential Diagnosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 141 (10) ◽  
pp. 1336-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Wu
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Renal Neoplasms ◽  
Immunohistochemical Stains

Distinguishing oncocytomas from their malignant mimics is very challenging. This review highlights our approach to classifying low-grade oncocytic tumors on both resections and biopsies. We also discuss how we use immunohistochemical stains in this challenging differential diagnosis.

Dermal fibrosarcoma in a Cashmere goat

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (03) ◽  
pp. 192-195
Author(s):  
Julia Schoiswohl ◽  
Bianca Lambacher ◽  
Andrea Klang ◽  
Reinhild Krametter-Frötscher
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cashmere Goat ◽  
Short Lifespan ◽  
Production Processes

AbstractFibrosarcomas are malignant tumors of the connective tissue, which are characterized by proliferation of fibroblasts. Most of these tumors are localized subcutaneously and cause different symptoms depending on their location. The case report describes a dermal tumor on the outside of the pinna in a 7-year-old female Cashmere goat. The tumor was surgically removed and histopathological examination revealed a low grade fibrosarcoma. Although tumors are rare in ruminants because of the animals’ short lifespan (age of slaughtering in most cases < 24 months) in modern production processes, they should be considered as a differential diagnosis.

The utility of PAX8 and IMP3 immunohistochemical stains in the differential diagnosis of benign, premalignant, and malignant endocervical glandular lesions

2013 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Danialan ◽  
Margaret Assaad ◽  
Jason Burghardt ◽  
Pamela Newcomb ◽  
Richard W. Cartun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Immunohistochemical Stains

scholarly journals A Rare Cutaneous Adnexal Tumor: Malignant Proliferating Trichilemmal Tumor

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer Alici ◽  
Musa Kemal Keles ◽  
Alper Kurt
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Morphological Findings ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Adnexal Tumor ◽  
Proliferating Trichilemmal Tumor ◽  
Malignant Proliferating Trichilemmal Tumor

Proliferating trichilemmal tumors (PTTs) are neoplasms derived from the outer root sheath of the hair follicle. These tumors, which commonly affect the scalp of elderly women, rarely demonstrate malignant transformation. Although invasion of the tumors into neighboring tissues and being accompanied with anaplasia and necrosis are accepted as findings of malignancy, histological features may not always be sufficient to identify these tumors. The clinical behavior of the tumor may be incompatible with its histological characteristics. Squamous-cell carcinoma should certainly be considered in differential diagnosis because of its similarity in morphological appearance with PTT. Immunostaining for CD34, P53, and Ki-67 is a useful adjuvant diagnostic method that can be used in differential diagnosis aside from morphological findings. In this study, we aimed to present the case of a 52-year-old female patient with clinicopathological features. We reported a low-grade malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumor in this patient and detected no relapse or metastasis in a 24-month period of follow-up.

Pancreatic Cysts: Pathologic Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Clinical Implications

2009 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olca Basturk ◽  
Ipek Coban ◽  
N. Volkan Adsay
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Malignant Potential ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Pancreatic Cysts ◽  
Pancreatic Ducts ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Dismal Prognosis ◽  
Cystic Tumors ◽  
Pathologic Classification

Abstract Context.—Cystic lesions of the pancreas are being recognized with increasing frequency and have become a more common finding in clinical practice because of the widespread use of advanced imaging modalities and the sharp drop in the mortality rate of pancreatic surgery. Consequently, in the past 2 decades, the nature of many cystic tumors in this organ has been better characterized, and significant developments have taken place in the classification and in our understanding of pancreatic cystic lesions. Objective.—To provide an overview of the current concepts in classification, differential diagnosis, and clinical/biologic behavior of pancreatic cystic tumors. Data Sources.—The authors' personal experience, based on institutional and consultation materials, combined with an analysis of the literature. Conclusions.—In contrast to solid tumors, most of which are invasive ductal adenocarcinomas with dismal prognosis, cystic lesions of the pancreas are often either benign or low-grade indolent neoplasia. However, those that are mucinous, namely, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and mucinous cystic neoplasms, constitute an important category because they have well-established malignant potential, representing an adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Those that are nonmucinous such as serous tumors, congenital cysts, lymphoepithelial cysts, and squamoid cyst of pancreatic ducts have no malignant potential. Only rare nonmucinous cystic tumors that occur as a result of degenerative/necrotic changes in otherwise solid neoplasia, such as cystic ductal adenocarcinomas, cystic pancreatic endocrine neoplasia, and solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm, are also malignant and have variable degrees of aggressiveness.

Conjunctival myxoid stromal tumour: a distinctive clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 1259-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Yi Qin ◽  
Zhe-Hao Jin ◽  
You-Pei Wang ◽  
Zong-Duan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Stromal Tumour ◽  
Bulbar Conjunctiva ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Multiple Spindle ◽  
Immunohistochemical Stains

Background/aimsTo describe the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of 10 patients representing a new entity of benign conjunctival myxoid stromal tumours.MethodsRetrospective review of clinical findings, histopathological and immunohistochemical studies identified 10 cases of low-grade conjunctival myxoid stromal tumours. Specimens were routinely processed and stained with H&E. Immunohistochemical stains for CD34, CD68, vimentin, S100, smooth muscle actin (SMA), myosin, desmin, actin, Bcl-2 and Ki-67 were performed. Specific stains for Alcian-blue periodic acid-Schiff (AB-PAS) and aldehyde fuchsin stains were also performed.ResultsTen patients with an average age of 45.6±11.1 years had a tender white or faint yellow to red mass on the bulbar conjunctiva. All the lesions were completely removed, and none of the patients relapsed. Histologically, all neoplasms consisted of spindle-shaped cells that showed signs of pseudonuclear inclusions, multinuclear cells and had no atypia. The stroma consisted of a large amount of mucus and was infiltrated with delicate to ropey collagens, a few mast cells and new vessels. Immunohistochemical stains were positive for CD34, vimentin and Bcl-2; partial positive for CD68; very low for Ki-67; and negative for S100, SMA, myosin, desmin and actin. AB-PAS suggested that the stroma was mucinous.ConclusionsThese rare benign mesenchymal conjunctival tumours are mostly unilateral and occur in the bulbar conjunctiva. Complete resection is the radical treatment. These lesions are characterised by multiple spindle cells, a large amount of mucus, and sharing similar basic histopathological features with conjunctival myxoma and conjunctival stromal tumour. We suggest naming these lesions ‘conjunctival myxoid stromal tumours’.

Atypical Hidradenoma Mimicking Primary Mammary Carcinoma on Breast Fine-Needle Aspiration: A Case Report with Long-Term Follow-Up

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Rooper ◽  
Jeffrey S. Iding ◽  
Jonathan D. Cuda ◽  
Syed Z. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Mammary Carcinoma ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Partial Mastectomy ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Nuclear Atypia ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Palpable Breast

Background: Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is well-established as an accurate technique for the diagnosis of palpable breast masses. While the differential diagnosis of such lesions usually focuses on benign or malignant mammary proliferations, a subset of breast neoplasms arises from skin and soft tissue. Skin adnexal neoplasms such as hidradenoma can pose a particular pitfall on breast FNA cytology (FNAC) as epithelial proliferations that are not of ductal or lobular origin. Case: A 59-year-old female presented with a superficial breast mass. FNAC revealed a hypercellular lesion with marked nuclear atypia that was highly suspicious for carcinoma. However, at partial mastectomy, the histological features of the tumor were consistent with atypical hidradenoma. Negativity for estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) confirmed the diagnosis. Eighteen years later, the patient remains free of recurrence or metastasis. Conclusions: This report offers the first description of findings of atypical hidradenoma on FNAC. In the breast, its high cellularity and nuclear atypia can mimic a primary mammary carcinoma on FNAC. Although breast and skin adnexal tumors show a immunohistochemical overlap, negative ER and PR stains in a low-grade tumor can suggest a nonmammary lesion. Skin adnexal neoplasms should be considered in the differential diagnosis of superficial breast tumors.

scholarly journals Large Vallecular Masses; Differential Diagnosis and Imaging Features

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashim Kumar Lahiri ◽  
Krishna Kiran Somashekar ◽  
Bernd Wittkop ◽  
Christopher Ayshford
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Tongue Base ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Disease Entity ◽  
Palatine Tonsils ◽  
Uncommon Disease ◽  
Mass Lesions ◽  
Supraglottic Larynx

Large vallecular masses are an uncommon disease entity which includes a wide spectrum of rare pathologies. These masses may present as purely vallecular in location or appear as an extension from adjacent anatomical sites like tongue base including lingual tonsils, epiglottis, palatine tonsils, epiglottis, and the remainder of supraglottis. Literature review reveals very rare conditions presenting as vallecular mass lesions. The imaging features are generally diagnostic for characterization. However, these masses can exhibit indeterminate appearance at imaging. We present a series of five cases which includes two rare presentations: a case of low-grade cribriform adenocarcinoma of the base of tongue and a vallecular lipoma. The other three cases presented for differential diagnosis including benign vallecular cysts and two cases to show that malignant masses arising from neighboring anatomical sites such as tongue base or supraglottic larynx can exhibit significant vallecular component.

Use of Antibodies to RCC and CD10 in the Differential Diagnosis of Renal Neoplasms

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne K. Avery ◽  
Jay Beckstead ◽  
Andrew A. Renshaw ◽  
Christopher L. Corless
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Renal Neoplasms

scholarly journals Differential Diagnosis of Renal Tumors With Clear Cytoplasm: Clinical Relevance of Renal Tumor Subclassification in the Era of Targeted Therapies and Personalized Medicine

2013 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajen Goyal ◽  
Elizabeth Gersbach ◽  
Ximing J. Yang ◽  
Stephen M. Rohan
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Targeted Therapies ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Renal Tumor ◽  
Renal Tumors ◽  
Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Immunohistochemical Stains

Context.—The World Health Organization classification of renal tumors synthesizes morphologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular findings to define more than 40 tumor types. Of these, clear cell (conventional) renal cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor in adults and—with the exception of some rare tumors—the most deadly. The diagnosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma on morphologic grounds alone is generally straightforward, but challenging cases are not infrequent. A misdiagnosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma has clinical consequences, particularly in the current era of targeted therapies. Objective.—To highlight morphologic mimics of clear cell renal cell carcinoma and provide strategies to help differentiate clear cell renal cell carcinoma from other renal tumors and lesions. The role of the pathologist in guiding treatment for renal malignancies will be emphasized to stress the importance of proper tumor classification in patient management. Data Sources.—Published literature and personal experience. Conclusions.—In challenging cases, submission of additional tissue is often an inexpensive and effective way to facilitate a correct diagnosis. If immunohistochemical stains are to be used, it is best to use a panel of markers, as no one marker is specific for a given renal tumor subtype. Selection of limited markers, based on a specific differential diagnosis, can be as useful as a large panel in reaching a definitive diagnosis. For renal tumors, both the presence and absence of immunoreactivity and the pattern of labeling (membranous, cytoplasmic, diffuse, focal) are important when interpreting the results of immunohistochemical stains.

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