scholarly journals Scythian elements in Old Iranian

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Lubotsky
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Features ◽  
Old Persian

This chapter examines whether there are Scythian loanwords in the Old Iranian languages, namely Avestan and Old Persian. Since all three languages are closely related, it is not simple to prove borrowing. Old Persian vocabulary contains many words which must be of Iranian but non-Persian origin. These words are usually attributed to Median, but it is in principle equally possible that they are borrowed from any other Iranian language, including Scythian. Only when we find phonological features which are characteristic of Scythian can we be confident that we are indeed dealing with a Scythian loanword.

Management of Platelets in a Persian Girl with the Tetralogy_Pantalogy of Fallot (Tof_Pof): A Case Report Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahram Alamdary Badlou
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Ventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Atrial Septal Defect ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Old Persian ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship

We report a rare case of unrepaired Tetralogy_Pantalogy of Fallot (TOF_POF) in a 20 years old Persian girl Mrs Zeynab S., who presented with cyanotic finger tops appearance, ongoing chronic thrombolytic destruction processes, and remarkable thrombocytopenia [1,2], heart ventricular septal defect (VSD), and might atrial septal defect (ASD), anxiety, sleep disorders, nightmares, and limited social life. Additionally, the relationship between underlying mechanisms, possible treatments of the thrombocytopenia, erythrocytosis, and unrepaired cardiovascular leakages remains unknown.

scholarly journals Old Persian in Athens Revisited (Ar. Ach. 100)

Mnemosyne ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 657-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Willi
Keyword(s):  
Central Element ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Peloponnesian War ◽  
Historical Reality ◽  
Old Persian

AbstractThe Old Persian line in Aristophanes' Acharnians (100) is commonly believed to contain nothing but comic gibberish. Against this view, it is argued here that a responsible reconstruction of an Old Persian original is possible if one takes into account what we nowadays know about late fifth-century Old Persian. Moreover, the result, whose central element is the Persian verb for 'writing',fits in with both general considerations on linguistic realism in drama and the historical reality of diplomatic interaction between Greece and Persia during the Peloponnesian War.

Aspirates and ejectives in Quechua-influenced Spanish

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna M. Babel
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Sound System ◽  
Andean Spanish ◽  
Mayan Languages ◽  
Minimal Pairs ◽  
Phonological Features ◽  
Spanish Phonology ◽  
The Way

Abstract This article describes the use of aspirates and ejectives in a variety of Spanish with significant Quechua contact influence that is spoken in the Santa Cruz valleys of central Bolivia. Aspirates and ejectives occur primarily on Quechua loanwords, making these ‘intermediate phonological relationships’ (Hall 2013) that are hard to categorize with respect to their status as phonetic vs. phonological features. Results from a small-scale perception and shadowing task show that language users are able to distinguish between these sounds and canonical Spanish consonants in minimal pairs, but that there is variation among speakers in the way these sounds are reproduced. While the use of aspirates and glottal stops in Spanish in contact with Mayan languages has been documented (Michnowicz 2015; Michnowicz and Kagan 2016) previous studies of Andean Spanish phonology have not reported the use of aspirates and ejectives as part of the sound system (Boynton 1981; Cassano 1974; Pyle 1981).

Suppletive verbal morphology in Korean and the mechanism of vocabulary insertion

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
INKIE CHUNG
Keyword(s):  
Short Form ◽  
Distributed Morphology ◽  
Morphological Operations ◽  
Verbal Morphology ◽  
Phonological Features ◽  
Vocabulary Insertion ◽  
Correct Form ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Feature Negative ◽  
Late Insertion

This paper provides a Distributed Morphology analysis of the paradoxical interaction of the two cases of verbal suppletion in Korean, and argues that the two suppletion types are characterized by two different types of morphological operations. The two roots found with short-form negation and honorification suggest different morphological structures: [[Neg-V] Hon] for al- ‘know’, molu- ‘not.know’, a-si- ‘know-hon’, molu-si- (not *an(i) a-si-) ‘neg know-hon’; and [Neg [V-Hon]] for iss- ‘exist’, eps- ‘not.exist’, kyey-si- ‘exist-hon’, an(i) kyey-si- (not *eps-(u)-si-) ‘neg exist-hon’. Predicate repetition constructions support the [[Neg-V] Hon] structure. In this structure, however, the negative suppletion (analyzed as fusion of negation and the root) is blocked by the honorific suffix structurally more peripheral to the root. C-command is the only requirement for context allomorphy in Distributed Morphology (Halle & Marantz 1993). Since the [+hon] feature c-commands the root, the root can show honorific suppletive allomorphy in the first cycle with negation intervening between the root and [+hon]. Negation fusion occurs in the second cycle after vocabulary insertion of the root. Fusion, then, should refer to vocabulary items, not abstract features, and will be interleaved with vocabulary insertion. If the output of the root is /kyey/ due to the honorific feature, negative suppletion will not apply and the correct form an(i) kyey-si- will be derived. Therefore, both of the distinct morphological operations for suppletion, i.e., fusion and contextual allomorphy, are necessary. The revised formulation of fusion shows that certain morphological operations follow vocabulary insertion. This derivational approach to the suppletion interaction provides support for separation of phonological and nonphonological features and for late insertion of phonological features.

The situation of English speaker’s place of origin depending on Chinese dialects

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-171
Author(s):  
Min Wang
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
English Language ◽  
Native English Speakers ◽  
Speaking Rate ◽  
Advanced Degrees ◽  
Phonological Features ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
Chinese Dialects ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
High Degree

Abstract This study examines the ability to identify different Chinese dialects through the English language and evaluates how often respondents pay attention to phonological features and rate of speech to explain their categorizations. The research includes 100 Chinese undergraduate students and 100 young people without advanced degrees aged 20 to 25. Discrete independent data samples collected during the interview of participants are analyzed with the help of such statistical methods as Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and Wilcoxon's test. The obtained results indirectly show the ability of respondents to identify native and non-native English speakers around the world, as well as determine their nationality. The outcomes of the paper explicate who, in general, categorize Chinese dialects better and which dialects are the most recognizable. Research data reveal a high degree of stereotypization of various dialects, especially the Beijing and U dialects. Moreover, based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that speaking rate significantly affects the perception and classification of a speaker from a particular province of China.

Old Persian Marika-, Eupolis Marikas And Aristophanes Knights

1985 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albio Cesare Cassio
Keyword(s):  
Poor People ◽  
The Past ◽  
Old Persian

The little we know with certainty about Eupolis' Marikas can be summarised in a few lines. (1) The play was produced at the Lenaea of 421 b.c. (2) The demagogue Hyperbolus was satirised under the name of Marikas, and was represented as a man of little or no culture (Quint. 1.10.18 = Eup. fr. 193 K. Maricas, qui est Hyperbolus, nihil se ex musice scire nisi litteras confitetur). (3) Marikas/Hyperbolus was a slave. This has been denied in the past, but is now made clear by the commentary on the Marikas in P. Oxy. 2741 (no. 95, 145 f. Austin) πρ⋯ς[⋯ν] δεσπότην ⋯ Ὑπέρβολος. (4) Aristophanes complained in the Clouds we possess (i.e. in the revised edition of this play) that Eupolis had availed himself of the Knights for his Marikas (Nub. 553 ff.), and it is in fact possible that the idea of Marikas as a slave was borrowed from the Knights, because some of his traits seem to correspond to those of the Aristophanic Sausage-seller. (5) The play apparently had two semi-choruses, one of rich and one of poor people.The point of the name Marikas has long been debated. Ancient sources are at least agreed that it is ‘barbarian’. Herodianus 1.50,12 Lentz does not go beyond stating that Marikas is an ⋯νομα βάρβαρον παρ⋯ τῷ κωμικῷ (he refers to Ar. Nub. 553). Hesych. μ 283 Latte has more to offer: Μαρικ⋯ν· κίναιδον. οἱ δ⋯ ὑποκόρισμα παιδίου ἄρρενος βαρβαρικόν (so Meineke for βαρβαρικα⋯, rightly).

scholarly journals On the impact of non-modal phonation on phonological features

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milos Cernak ◽  
Elmar Noth ◽  
Frank Rudzicz ◽  
Heidi Christensen ◽  
Juan Rafael Orozco-Arroyave ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Features ◽  
The Impact
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