In vitro activities of Trichoderma species against Phytophthora parasitica and Fusarium oxysporum

La enfermedad Pata Prieta en jamaica (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) es ocasionada principalmente por Phytophthora parasitica Dastur y Fusarium oxysporum. Estos patógenos causan pérdidas de producción en al menos 50 % en el estado de Guerrero, donde se siembra la mayor superficie de este cultivo en México. Los fungicidas que se emplean para el control de la enfermedad son caros, tóxicos y residuales, por lo que es necesario buscar alternativas de control dentro de un contexto de agricultura sustentable. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la capacidad antagónica in vitro de cepas nativas de Trichoderma spp. contra P. parasitica y F. oxysporum. Las confrontaciones duales entre patógenos y agentes antagónicos se evaluaron en cajas Petri bajo un diseño experimental completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Las variables registradas fueron días al primer contacto entre hifas, zona de intersección, tipo de antagonismo y porcentaje de inhibición. La información fue sometida a análisis de varianza y prueba de comparación de medias (Tukey, P ≤ 0.05). Las cinco cepas de Trichoderma sobrecrecieron a P. parasitica y cubrieron 100 % del medio; en el caso de la confrontación con F. oxysporum, Trichoderma creció sólo en dos terceras partes del medio. En las zonas de intersección se observó variación de 0.0 a 4.8 cm entre patógenos y antagónicos. La confrontación entre T. inhamatum cepa 14 y P. parasitica mostró el mayor contacto entre hifas con 4.82 cm; Ti14, Ta10 y Ta9 mostraron el primer contacto entre hifas a los 3 y 4 d en P. parasitica y F. oxysporum; la primera cepa tuvo un porcentaje de inhibición superior con 95 y 85 % para los dos patógenos. Las cepas Ti14 y Ta10 mostraron mayor antagonismo contra ambos patógenos por el tiempo al primer contacto, esporulación, crecimiento sobre los patógenos y porcentaje de inhibición. Las cepas nativas de Trichoderma representan una alternativa viable para el control de la pata prieta en Jamaica.

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Antagonismo enzimático de Trichoderma spp., sobre Phytophthora parasitica y Fusarium oxysporum en jamaica (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)

Enero-Abril 2021 - Bioagro ◽

10.51372/bioagro333.6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 203-214

Author(s):

Javier Hernández-Morales ◽

Teolincacihuatl Romero-Rosales ◽

Alejandro Michel-Aceves ◽

Mateo Vargas-Hernández ◽

Abraham Monteon-Ojeda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽

Phytophthora Parasitica ◽

Trichoderma Spp

México es el séptimo productor de jamaica (Hibiscus sabdariffa), y el estado de Guerrero concentra más del 70 % de la producción nacional. El cultivo presenta limitantes fitosanitarias importantes, destacando la “pata prieta” asociada a un complejo de patógenos (Fusarium oxysporum y Phytophthora parasitica), con pérdidas de hasta 100 % en áreas sin manejo fitosanitario. Debido a la naturaleza del consumo del producto final, es necesaria la implementación de estrategias ecológicas de manejo de la enfermedad. El objetivo del estudio fue cuantificar la actividad de quitinasas y glucanasas de aislados Trichoderma spp., y evaluar su efecto inhibitorio in vitro sobre F. oxysporum y P. parasitica. Se evaluaron las cepas Ta10, Ta11, Ta6 y Ta9 de T. asperellum y Ti14 de T. inhamatum provenientes de suelos cultivados con jamaica y alta incidencia de los patógenos. Los niveles de quitinasas y glucanasas en todos los aislados de Trichoderma spp. fueron significativos (P£0,05); la cepa Ta9 mostró la mayor actividad específica de quitinasas, y la cepa Ti14 la mayor de glucanasas. Todos los filtrados provenientes de los diferentes aislados de Trichoderma spp. generaron una inhibición sustancial del crecimiento micelial de F. oxysporum y P. parasitica. De manera consistente, la cepa Ta9 alcanzó porcentajes de inhibición mayores al 90 % en ambos ensayos. Se detectó correlación significativa entre la actividad enzimática y la inhibición del crecimiento de los aislados de Trichoderma spp. sobre los agentes patógenos.

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Uji Toksisitas Beberapa Fungisida Nabati terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro (Toxicity Test of several Biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) by In Vitro)

JURNAL BIOS LOGOS ◽

10.35799/jbl.9.2.2019.24416 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 91

Author(s):

Ghea Dotulong ◽

Stella Umboh ◽

Johanis Pelealu

Keyword(s):

Solanum Tuberosum ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Fusarium Wilt ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Solanum Tuberosum L ◽

In Vitro Toxicity ◽

Potato Plants ◽

Colony Diameter ◽

In Vitro Toxicity Test

Uji Toksisitas Beberapa Fungisida Nabati terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro (Toxicity Test of several Biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) by In Vitro) Ghea Dotulong1*), Stella Umboh1), Johanis Pelealu1), 1) Program Studi Biologi, FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115*Email korespondensi: [email protected] Diterima 9 Juli 2019, diterima untuk dipublikasi 10 Agustus 2019 Abstrak Tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) adalah salah satu tanaman hortikultura yang sering mengalami penurunan dari segi produksi dan produktivitasnya, akibat adanya serangan penyakit layu yang salah satunya disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi toksisitas beberapa fungisida nabati dalam mengendalikan penyakit Layu Fusarium (F. oxysporum) pada tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode umpan beracun. Data dianalisis dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan Analisis Varian (ANAVA) yang dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan metode BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil). Hasil Penelitian, diperoleh nilai toksisitas fungisida nabati tertinggi yaitu pada ekstrak daun sirsak dengan nilai HR (69,44%), kategori berpengaruh, ditandai dengan diameter koloni 2,75 cm (100ppm) dan yang terendah toksisitasnya yaitu pada ekstrak daun jeruk purut dengan nilai HR (49,81%), kategori cukup berpengaruh ditandai dengan diameter koloni 3,75 cm (25ppm). Semakin tinggi konsentrasi yang diujikan maka semakin tinggi toksisitas dari fungisida nabati yang diberikan.Kata Kunci: fungisida nabati, Fusarium oxysporum, tanaman kentang, In Vitro Abstract Potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the horticulture plants which often decreases in terms of production and productivity, due to the attack of wilt, one of which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum. The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity of several biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (F. oxysporum) in potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Vitro. The research method used was the In Vitro method with the poison bait method. Data were analyzed by Completely Randomized Design with Variant Analysis (ANAVA), followed by the BNT method. The results showed that the highest biofungicide toxicity value was soursop leaf extract with HR values (69.44%), influential categories, characterized by colony diameter 2.75 cm (100ppm) and the lowest toxicity, namely in kaffir lime leaf extract with a value of HR (49.81%), quite influential category was characterized by colony diameter of 3.75 cm (25ppm). The higher the concentration tested, the higher the toxicity of the biofungicide given.Keywords: biofungicides, Fusarium oxysporum, Potato Plants, In Vitro.

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In vitro Cell Wall Stress Assay for Fusarium oxysporum

BIO-PROTOCOL ◽

10.21769/bioprotoc.1915 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (17) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elena Pérez-Nadales ◽

Antonio Di Pietro

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Wall Stress ◽

Cell Wall Stress

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Management of collar rot disease in chickpea by Trichoderma species

Journal of AgriSearch ◽

10.21921/jas.v7i03.18694 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (03) ◽

Author(s):

PREM PANDEY ◽

G. C. SAGAR ◽

SUNDARMAN SHRESTHA2 ◽

HIRAKAJI MANANDHAR ◽

RITESH K. YADAV ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Inhibition ◽

Mycelial Growth ◽

Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽

Maximum Growth ◽

Pot Experiment ◽

Trichoderma Spp ◽

Trichoderma Species ◽

Collar Rot ◽

Rot Disease

Nine isolates of Trichoderma spp. were isolated from different agro- ecological regions of Nepal viz; Jumla, Palpa, Chitwan, Tarahara, Banke, Illam and Salyan and screened against Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. Adreded soil borne phytopathogen causing collar rot of chickpea in chickpea; In-vitro efficacy of nine fungal antagonist (Trichoderma spp.) against Sclerotium rolfsii were screened. Pot experiment was done to find out the effective management of S. rolfsi through Tricoderma using different methods i.e. Seed treatment, soil drenching and soil application. All the tested isolates of Trichoderma spp. were found effective on mycelial growth inhibition and sclerotial parasitization of S. rolfsii. Trichoderma isolated from Palpa district showed maximum growth inhibition (%) of pathogen periodically after 48(93.78%), 72(96.00%), 96(97.96%) and 120(100.00%) hours of inoculation. Parasitized sclerotium showed minimum sclerotial germination on agar plates. Moreover, Trichoderma species isolated from Palpa districts showed second best percent mycelial growth inhibition periodically at 72(25.00%), 120(29.16%), 168(29.16%) and 216(29.16%).In pot experiment at 40 days after sowing, Seedling height was maximum in soil drenching with 30g per 100ml of water (22.27cm) and Mortality percentage of seedlings was least or highest disease control was observed in seed treated with 109cfu/ml (0.000%).

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Effect ofRhizobium leguminosarum on growth of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici in vitro

Arab Journal Of Plant Protection ◽

10.22268/ajpp-034.2.135141 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (8) ◽

pp. 135-141

Author(s):

S. Al-Maghribi ◽

◽

Y. Hammad ◽

B. Rezk ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum

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The Banana Root Endophytome: Differences between Mother Plants and Suckers and Evaluation of Selected Bacteria to Control Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense

Journal of Fungi ◽

10.3390/jof7030194 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 194

Author(s):

Carmen Gómez-Lama Cabanás ◽

Antonio J. Fernández-González ◽

Martina Cardoni ◽

Antonio Valverde-Corredor ◽

Javier López-Cepero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Canary Islands ◽

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

Fungal Communities ◽

Phenological Stage ◽

Mother Plants ◽

Fusarium Wilt Of Banana ◽

Identification And Characterization

This study aimed to disentangle the structure, composition, and co-occurrence relationships of the banana (cv. Dwarf Cavendish) root endophytome comparing two phenological plant stages: mother plants and suckers. Moreover, a collection of culturable root endophytes (>1000) was also generated from Canary Islands. In vitro antagonism assays against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) races STR4 and TR4 enabled the identification and characterization of potential biocontrol agents (BCA). Eventually, three of them were selected and evaluated against Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB) together with the well-known BCA Pseudomonas simiae PICF7 under controlled conditions. Culturable and non-culturable (high-throughput sequencing) approaches provided concordant information and showed low microbial diversity within the banana root endosphere. Pseudomonas appeared as the dominant genus and seemed to play an important role in the banana root endophytic microbiome according to co-occurrence networks. Fungal communities were dominated by the genera Ophioceras, Cyphellophora, Plecosphaerella, and Fusarium. Overall, significant differences were found between mother plants and suckers, suggesting that the phenological stage determines the recruitment and organization of the endophytic microbiome. While selected native banana endophytes showed clear antagonism against Foc strains, their biocontrol performance against FWB did not improve the outcome observed for a non-indigenous reference BCA (strain PICF7).

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In vitro activity of olorofim against clinical isolates of the Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani species complexes

Mycoses ◽

10.1111/myc.13273 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hamid Badali ◽

Connie Cañete‐Gibas ◽

Hoja Patterson ◽

Carmita Sanders ◽

Barbara Mermella ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Fusarium Solani ◽

Vitro Activity ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

In Vitro Activity ◽

Species Complexes

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Unraveling the Metabolite Signature of Endophytic Bacillus velezensis Strain Showing Defense Response Towards Fusarium oxysporum

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11040683 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 683

Author(s):

Yang Cao ◽

Wei Ding ◽

Chang Liu

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Defense Response ◽

Endophytic Bacteria ◽

Rice Seedling ◽

Seedling Blight ◽

Bacillus Velezensis ◽

Secondary Bile Acid ◽

Pathogen Inhibition

Seedling blight, caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum, significantly lowers rice production globally. Earlier reports have opined that endophytic bacteria strains could be possible biocontrol agents, but the mechanistic actions involved are still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to isolate the endophytic bacteria with high inhibitory activity and elucidate its possible mechanisms for inducing resistance by metabolomics. The results showed that mdj-36 had the strongest in vitro pathogen inhibition of F. oxysporum, while mdj-34 displayed the lowest inhibitory activity identified as Bacillus velezensis strains. Metabolomic analyses demonstrated that B. velezensis mdj-36 growth medium could produce higher organic acids, terpenes, and diterpene than B. velezensis mdj-34. Further investigation revealed that ‘secondary bile acid biosynthesis’ and ‘glycerophospholipid metabolism’ pathways played essential roles in defense response towards F. oxysporum. This study’s findings provide a credible theoretical basis for the possible use of the B. velezensis strain against rice seedling blight.

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