Hemoglobin metabolism by-products are associated with an inflammatory response in patients with hemorrhagic stroke

ABSTRACT Neal Hammer works in the field of bacterial pathogenesis, metabolism, and antibiotic resistance. In this mSphere of Influence article, he reflects on how “Gut inflammation provides a respiratory electron acceptor for Salmonella” by Winter and colleagues (S. E. Winter, P. Thiennimitr, M. G. Winter, B. P. Butler, et al., Nature 467:426–429, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09415) made an impact on him by demonstrating that Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium metabolism is uniquely suited to exploit the chemical by-products that result from the host’s inflammatory response.

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The Roles of Thrombospondins in Hemorrhagic Stroke

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2017/8403184 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Xuan Wu ◽

Xu Luo ◽

Qiquan Zhu ◽

Jie Zhang ◽

Yun Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Response ◽

Cerebrovascular Disease ◽

Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Significant Morbidity ◽

Matricellular Proteins ◽

Cellular Functions

Hemorrhagic stroke is a devastating cerebrovascular disease with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Thrombospondins (TSPs), as matricellular proteins, belong to the TSP family which is comprised of five members. All TSPs modulate a variety of cellular functions by binding to various receptors. Recently, TSPs gained attention in the area of hemorrhagic stroke, especially TSP-1. TSP-1 participates in angiogenesis, the inflammatory response, apoptosis, and fibrosis after hemorrhagic stroke through binding to various molecules including but not limited to CD36, CD47, and TGF-β. In this review, we will discuss the roles of TSPs in hemorrhagic stroke and focus primarily on TSP-1.

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Effect of enzymatic treatment of citrus by-products on bacterial growth, adhesion and cytokine production by Caco-2 cells

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/d0fo01963a ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 8996-9009

Author(s):

Paula de Paula Menezes Barbosa ◽

Amanda Roggia Ruviaro ◽

Isabela Mateus Martins ◽

Juliana Alves Macedo ◽

Gisèle LaPointe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Response ◽

Bacterial Growth ◽

Foodborne Pathogens ◽

Cytokine Production ◽

Enzymatic Treatment ◽

By Products

Enzymatic extracts of citrus by-products presented antibacterial and prebiotic activities, played an important role in the adhesion of probiotics, foodborne pathogens, and in the inflammatory response of Caco-2 cells due to S. Typhimurium infection.

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Hydrogen Cyanide Polymers from the Impact of Comet P/Shoemaker-Levy 9 on Jupiter

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s025292110001469x ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 161 ◽

pp. 179-187

Author(s):

Clifford N. Matthews ◽

Rose A. Pesce-Rodriguez ◽

Shirley A. Liebman

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Solar System ◽

Hydrogen Cyanide ◽

Nitrogen Heterocycles ◽

Laboratory Studies ◽

Heterogeneous Solids ◽

The Many ◽

Comet Halley ◽

The Impact ◽

By Products

AbstractHydrogen cyanide polymers – heterogeneous solids ranging in color from yellow to orange to brown to black – may be among the organic macromolecules most readily formed within the Solar System. The non-volatile black crust of comet Halley, for example, as well as the extensive orangebrown streaks in the atmosphere of Jupiter, might consist largely of such polymers synthesized from HCN formed by photolysis of methane and ammonia, the color observed depending on the concentration of HCN involved. Laboratory studies of these ubiquitous compounds point to the presence of polyamidine structures synthesized directly from hydrogen cyanide. These would be converted by water to polypeptides which can be further hydrolyzed to α-amino acids. Black polymers and multimers with conjugated ladder structures derived from HCN could also be formed and might well be the source of the many nitrogen heterocycles, adenine included, observed after pyrolysis. The dark brown color arising from the impacts of comet P/Shoemaker-Levy 9 on Jupiter might therefore be mainly caused by the presence of HCN polymers, whether originally present, deposited by the impactor or synthesized directly from HCN. Spectroscopic detection of these predicted macromolecules and their hydrolytic and pyrolytic by-products would strengthen significantly the hypothesis that cyanide polymerization is a preferred pathway for prebiotic and extraterrestrial chemistry.

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Bright-Field Images (Ctem) of Phase Objects at High Resolution

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100092414 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 34 ◽

pp. 490-491 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sumio Iijima

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Electron Beam Irradiation ◽

Fine Particles ◽

High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽

Good Test ◽

Resolution Electron ◽

Single Crystal Films ◽

Crystal Films ◽

By Products ◽

Test Objects

We have developed a technique to prepare thin single crystal films of graphite for use as supporting films for high resolution electron microscopy. As we showed elsewhere (1), these films are completely noiseless and therefore can be used in the observation of phase objects by CTEM, such as single atoms or molecules as a means for overcoming the difficulties because of the background noise which appears with amorphous carbon supporting films, even though they are prepared so as to be less than 20Å thick. Since the graphite films are thinned by reaction with WO3 crystals under electron beam irradiation in the microscope, some small crystallites of WC or WC2 are inevitably left on the films as by-products. These particles are usually found to be over 10-20Å diameter but very fine particles are also formed on the film and these can serve as good test objects for studying the image formation of phase objects.

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