scholarly journals Corporate bonds as a way of financing companies in the Republic of Serbia

Ekonomika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Rajnović ◽  
Jonel Subić
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Corporate Bonds ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Bond Market ◽  
Corporate Bond ◽  
Corporate Bond Market ◽  
Sustainable Operation ◽  
Bond Issuers ◽  
The Republic

The security of sources of financing is of undoubted importance for the continuous and sustainable operation of economic entities, which is a long-term interest of persons interested in the operation of economic entities. In the structure of possible sources of financing of economic entities, corporate bonds are of great importance everywhere in the world, and their application in the Republic of Serbia could bring a great contribution to the domestic economy. Corporate bonds are debt obligations issued by corporation to debt refinancing, improvements, expansions or acquisitions. The bondholders are the issuer's creditors and for the money invested in the company, they expect earnings. The main goal of this paper is to consider the conditions and importance of issuing corporate bonds by medium and large companies in Serbia and the advantage over other sources of financing. Based on the obtained research results, it can be concluded that the issuance of bonds is a good alternative to other sources of financing the company's operations, but the corporate bond market in Serbia is in the development phase. Bond issuers with listing on the regulated market of the Belgrade Stock Exchange include, in addition to the state, only certain commercial banks and international financial organizations.

scholarly journals Corporate Bond Market in Poland—Prospects for Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 306
Author(s):  
Jakub Kubiczek
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Bonds ◽  
Bond Market ◽  
Corporate Bond ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Corporate Bond Market ◽  
Bond Issuers

The Polish corporate bond market does not have a history as long as the American one, however, it is characterized by stable annual growth. The growth of the market is related to the growth of its liquidity and is determined by a number of entities, both on the demand and the supply side. The aim of the study was to present the structure of the Catalyst market and bond trading in Poland. The study also discusses the market’s development and identifies the factors that determine this development. Based on reports concerning trading on the Catalyst market, a huge growth was noticed in the 10 years since the market’s establishment. Forecasts indicate that the growth will continue. The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic will cause the market development to be slower than the model’s forecast, although the data for the first nine months of 2020 suggest that the upward trend will be maintained. Moreover, for the market to continue to thrive, a rating must be compulsory for corporate bond issuers. A comparison of the ratings of individual issuers enables investors to analyze the risk and profitability of corporate bonds in an easier way.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Corporate Bond Market Performance in Bangladesh

IIUC Studies ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 127-144
Author(s):  
Abu Hanifa Md Noman Bin Alam ◽  
Serajul Islam ◽  
Nazneen Jahan Chy
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Corporate Bonds ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Bond Market ◽  
Corporate Bond ◽  
Convertible Bond ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Corporate Bond Market ◽  
Secondary Information

Bond market plays a vital role in economic development of a country. Bond market provides long term finance to issuers by creating alternative source of finance through stock market, besides providing stable source of income to investors against volatile stock market. However, Bangladesh corporate Bond market is at very initial stage. Hence, it is needed to make an analysis of investors’ attitude towards corporate bonds in Bangladesh for determining investors finding on the issue. The study is limited to performance evaluation of three corporate bonds in corporate bond market in Bangladesh and investigate investors attitude towards it. We have collected secondary information from DSE web site and processed through SPSS to make performance analysis and collected primary data from investors of some brokerage houses in Chittagong metro through questionnaire survey for analyzing investors’ attitude towards corporate bond market. The study has found that price stability of ACI zero coupon bond is more than IBBL Perpetual Mudaraba Bond and BRAC subordinated convertible bond and it is also found that only 5% of respondents prefers to invest in corporate bonds due to lack of supply of corporate bond, lack of investors’ awareness, inadequate market regulations etc.IIUC Studies Vol.10 & 11 December 2014: 127-144

Pricing Effectiveness on the Russian Corporate Bond Market

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-28
Author(s):  
Tamara Teplova ◽  
Darya Budanova
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Bonds ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Bond Market ◽  
Corporate Bond ◽  
Return Periods ◽  
Corporate Bond Market ◽  
Reversal Effect ◽  
Strategy Design ◽  
Selection Of

In this paper, the question of price anomaly’s existence in the ruble bond market is considered. The construction of the profitable investment (trade) strategy on the relatively best and relatively worst corporate bonds that are ranged by the historical return allows to reveal the anomaly. The testing is conducted at the total sample (303 bonds of Russian issuers) and the sub-sample (25 liquid bonds of Russian issuers). The results that include the selection of the trade strategy’s design (the analysis of more than 6 thousand combinations of historical return periods investment periods and the percentiles of the best and worst portfolios) allow to detect the reversal effect (when the profitable strategy includes investing in to former losers who have demonstrated the lowest historical return). The investments in former winners also may be profitable, but the parameters of the strategy design become crucial to reach this effect. The result above justifies the fact that Russian corporate bond market is overestimated, the bond demand is higher that the bond supply that leads to the anomaly in the dynamics of the return, when the investment in losers makes it possible to get profit.

Do Bond Issuers Shop for Favorable Credit Ratings?

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 5944-5968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Kronlund
Keyword(s):  
Credit Ratings ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Bond Market ◽  
Corporate Bond ◽  
Corporate Bond Market ◽  
Bond Issuers ◽  
Biased Ratings

This paper provides evidence of ratings shopping in the corporate bond market. By estimating systematic differences in agencies’ biases about any given firm’s bonds, I show that new bonds are more likely to be rated by agencies that are positively biased toward the firm—a pattern that is strongest among bonds that have only one rating. The paper also shows that issuers often delay less favorable ratings until after a bond is sold. Consistent with theoretical models of ratings shopping, these effects are strongest among more complex bonds that are more difficult to rate. Bonds with upward-biased ratings are more likely to be downgraded and default, but investors account for this bias and demand higher yields when buying these bonds. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.

scholarly journals PEMODELAN KURVA IMBAL HASIL OBLIGASI KORPORASI RATING AA DAN A DENGAN NELSON SIEGEL SVENSSON DAN CUBIC SPLINE SMOOTHING

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-322
Author(s):  
Denny Permatasari ◽  
Nur Iriawan
Keyword(s):  
Yield Curve ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Corporate Bonds ◽  
Cubic Spline ◽  
Corporate Bond ◽  
Spline Smoothing ◽  
Bond Price ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Corporate Bond Market ◽  
Commercial Instrument

Bond is one of commercial instrument that influence economic sector in Indonesia. Bond transaction can't be made in the market directly, but it has been traded through securities. On average, there are only few bond transactions with the various market prices. Benchmarking is, therefore, needed to be created to determining bond price through yield curve. Through yield curve, the relation between yield of bond with same credit risk (rating) and different time to maturity can be seen. This research is conducted by employing time to maturity to model the yield of some selected corporate bonds with rating of AA and A. Two methods, Nelson Siegel Svensson (NSS) method couple with Levenberg-Marquardt optimization and Cubic Spline Smoothing (CSS) are employed here. These two methods have been applied to data from Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) ranging September to November 2008. The results show that CSS give smallest RMSE and MAE. In contrast, Nelson Siegel Svensson reports a model which more parsimony, more easily to be explained, and more adaptable to keep upfoward maturity than CSS. This research takes into account that NSS is better to be to model corporate bonds yield curve than CSS. Another importance conclusion that can be gather is that corporate bonds (with rating of AA and A) yield are hang about under IGSYC in certain period. Its means, that corporate bond market in Indonesia is not good for investment comparing to government bond.

scholarly journals FINANCIAL ENGINEERING AS A TOOL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CORPORATE BOND MARKET IN EASTERN EUROPE ON THE EXAMPLE OF UKRAINE

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-125
Author(s):  
Maria Iorgachova ◽  
Olena Kovalova ◽  
Ivan Plets
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Financial Engineering ◽  
Bond Market ◽  
The State ◽  
Corporate Bond ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
General Level ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Corporate Bond Market

In the context of the gap between the financial and real sectors of the Ukrainian economy, there is a problem of the absence of financial instruments able to solve the issue of financing the development of the national economic system on a long-term basis. At the current stage of the stock market development, financial engineering has a significant potential for the effective application since it can become an instrument that meets the current needs of the market. The purpose of this article is to study the current dynamics of development and features of the corporate bond market in Ukraine, as well as to develop the parameters of the new profit-bonds with the help of financial engineering, which takes into account investors’ inquiries in the formation of an investment portfolio and supposed to be a profitable form of attracting financial resources for issuers. Methodology. Materials of periodicals, analytical market reviews, resources of the Internet are the informational and methodological basis of the investigation. The research is based on general scientific and special methods, such as: comparison, systematic approach factor analysis, economic and mathematical methods. A comparative analysis of the parameters of financial instruments has been carried out that allowed determining the investors’ inquiries, investment trends and features of the choice of financial instruments by investors and accordingly to offer competitive debt securities according to the parameters of payment, maturity, security, repayment order, issue of currency. The results of the study indicate that there is the necessity of reformation of the stock market in terms of expanding the range of financial instruments based on financial engineering. The introduction of profit-bonds will allow offering participants of the Ukrainian market competitive conditions for the issue of securities, which are based on the modelled parameters of bonds. A schematic algorithm for the implementation of profit bonds is developed; it joins a complex of interrelated stages of implementation, which are sensitive to internal and external factors of influence. Practical implications. Directions for improving financial instruments on the basis of financial engineering can be applied by the participants of the stock market that will increase the general level of economic activity in the national economy and permit to accumulate financial resources on the profitable terms. Value/originality. The article reveals the development of the domestic market for corporate bonds as an important segment of the stock market through the application of financial engineering and the use of new financial products created to address the issue of attracting the necessary financial resources to the real sector. The introduction of financial engineering as a tool for the development of Ukrainian corporate bond market and its schematic algorithm of the implementation will allow an investor to react in time to the market changes. The creation of the State Fund for the Guaranteeing of Income of the Investors Market Act, which is formed at the state level by analogy with the existing Guarantee Fund for Individual Deposits, will allow the fulfilment of the security parameter that will classify profit bonds as long-term debt instruments with a high credit rating.

scholarly journals Corporate Bond Market: International Experience and Russian Practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
I. A. Balyuk
Keyword(s):  
Financial Burden ◽  
Corporate Bonds ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Bond Market ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
Corporate Bond ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Bond Issue ◽  
Corporate Bond Market ◽  
Active Involvement

The corporate bond market development is integral to increase the resilience of the Russian economy to external shocks and to build a new growth model in terms of sanctions. The purpose of the article is to analyze the current state of the Russian corporate bond market and to develop proposals for accelerating its further development considering the international experience. The proposals are based on a study of the legal base for the functioning of the international bond market, as well as modern technologies and tools that have proven to be effective in practice. As part of a comparative analysis, a hypothetical-deductive research method has been used. The author has proposed: to develop and adopt independent federal law “On Corporate Bonds”; to amend and supplement the Russian legislation on the protection of the rights of investors who purchase corporate bonds; to make trial (debut) issues in the Russian stock market for bonds denominated in foreign currencies (for example, in RMB); to expand the line of bond types, etc. It has been concluded that, despite the unfavorable external and internal conditions, there is a steady increase in the number of issuers and corporate bonds in circulation in Russia. Active bond issue in the Russian financial market in the near future will happen not only in the corporate, but also in the public segment. It will require more active involvement of individuals in purchasing government and corporate bonds as investors. Various types of institutional investors competing with banks will also be attracted. Corporate bond issue can ease the financial burden of banks and companies that have problems with refinancing their external debts. It can also help to solve the problem of financing of the Russian companies that have focused on obtaining various bank loans in order to implement their business plans. This will help to increase the supply of temporarily free monetary resources, to reduce their cost and more efficiently transform savings into investments.

scholarly journals REGULATION OF THE ISSUE AND CIRCULATION OF CORPORATE BONDS IN EASTERN EUROPE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariia Vasylieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Information Disclosure ◽  
Corporate Bonds ◽  
Regulatory Reform ◽  
Bond Market ◽  
Corporate Bond ◽  
Bond Markets ◽  
Bond Issue ◽  
Corporate Bond Market ◽  
Policy Initiatives

The formation and development of the corporate bond market is influenced by global regulatory reform and other government policy initiatives that affect all financial markets. Political, legislative, regulatory and fiscal changes must be well adapted to support the viability of corporate bond markets (both domestic and international). Financial market policy in general should not slow down bond markets, but should ensure optimal interaction between investors and issuers. Historical examples show how regulation, legislation, and other aspects of public policy can stimulate or slow down corporate bond markets. Currently, access to bond markets is limited for most companies due to the high cost of issuance, but the corporate bond market continues to expand. Regulation of the corporate bond market is a key factor that determines the possibility of attracting financial resources through this debt instrument from domestic and foreign investors. In this respect, it is important to pay attention not only to the issue of specific new regulatory and policy initiatives, but also to a careful review of the overall legal and regulatory framework. The purpose of the article is to systematize and analyze the legal framework for the issuance and circulation of corporate bonds in Eastern Europe. The article lists the main transactions in corporate bonds during their life cycle. The difference between the concepts of "corporate bond issue" and "corporate bond circulation" is substantiated. An analysis of the specifics of corporate bond regulation on the example of Ukraine, Bulgaria, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Hungary and Croatia is carried out. The list of the basic laws of the countries of Eastern Europe regulating issue and circulation of corporate bonds is given. The common and distinctive features in the reporting and methods of information disclosure by corporate bond issuers in Ukraine and other Eastern European countries are analyzed. The structure of the corporate bond issue prospectus is determined. The main innovations in the Ukrainian legislation on the regulation of the issue and circulation of corporate bonds are analyzed.

EFFECT OF STOCK MARKET CONCENTRATION ON THE GROWTH OF CORPORATE BOND MARKET IN KENYA

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Dr. David W. Wanyama
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Corporate Bonds ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Market Concentration ◽  
Bond Market ◽  
Corporate Bond ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Corporate Bond Market ◽  
Augmented Dickey Fuller

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze how stock market concentration influences the growth of corporate bond market in Kenya.Methodology: The study used descriptive and causal research designs.  Secondary data was used. The sample of the study consisted of daily and monthly time series covering six years beginning January 2009 to December 2014. Unit root tests using Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron tests were done. The study used Eviews econometric software to facilitate empirical analysis of data.Results: Regression of coefficients results shows that stock market concentration and corporate bonds are positively and significant related (r=0.014, p=0.017).Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends that concerted efforts should be made to improve market concentration in the corporate bonds market so that it can operate optimally. The existing concentration affected the stock and corporate bond markets positively. However, policy makers should be careful not to allow a higher stock market concentration as this will adversely affect the financial markets (El-Wassal, 2013).

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