scholarly journals Situation and trends of recycling of container packaging, especially waste plastic products. Refuse derived fuel (RDF) and its utilization of container packaging waste plastics.

1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 820-825
Author(s):  
Tsukasa KAGIYA
Keyword(s):  
Waste Plastics ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Packaging Waste ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuel ◽  
Plastic Products

Manufacturing and Evaluation of Woodfibre-Waste Plastic Composite Sheets

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 433-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debes Bhattacharyya ◽  
Krishnan Jayaraman
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Waste Plastics ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Complex Parts ◽  
Plastic Products

Plastic products used for packaging are often discarded after a single use resulting in an inexhaustible supply of waste polymeric materials. The stiffness and strength of polymeric materials have been known to improve with the addition of lignocellulosic fibres available in abundance in nature. Hence, composite materials containing natural fibres and waste plastics would result in the reduction of solid wastes and the use of cheap, renewable resources. Composite sheets have been manufactured from Pinus Radiata woodfibre mats produced by a novel mat forming technique and Kerbside waste plastics. The tensile modulus and strength of these composite sheets have been shown to improve with the amount of woodfibres. The formability of these sheets has been assessed through dome forming. The presence of woodfibres reduces the localised thinning while thermoforming, which is a significant advantage since excessively thin areas may cause component weakness and as a result, defective parts. Complex parts have been thermoformed successfully from these composite sheets confirming the enormous potential for their use in industry.

Synthesis and Performance Evaluation of Fuel from Waste Plastics

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Gowrishankar ◽  
G.D. Kumar ◽  
R. Prithviraj ◽  
V. Sanjay ◽  
D. Hariharan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Waste Plastics ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Decomposition Of Organic Matter ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Blend Ratios ◽  
Alternate Fuels

Plastics are an integral part of our lives and the production of plastics has drastically increased over the years, because of its vast range of applications and usage. Due to this the accumulation of waste plastics has also increased in time. The waste plastic generated in India is 15000 tons per day (as per survey). The breakdown of plastics requires around 500 years in the earth and these waste plastics affect the humans, animals, birds, earth and environment. The demand for conventional fuel has also increased lately and the quantity of this fuel reserve has decreased simultaneously. The extensive usage of the conventional fuels has paved the path for alternative ways for energy sources and alternate fuels. The extraction of waste plastic oil is obtained by the process of pyrolysis which is nothing but the thermochemical decomposition of organic matter without oxygen. The extracted plastic pyrolysis oil is then blended with diesel which helps in reducing the consumption of diesel fuel. Different blend ratios are prepared consisting of the extracted waste plastic pyrolysis oil and diesel fuel. These fuels are tested in the engine to understand the variation in the engine performance and emissions with the help of a gas analyser. By this way, the suitable blend ratio is selected for further works. This blend of fuel can exhibit high thermal efficiency and increases machine efficiency. The fuel does not emit sulphur dioxide (SO2) and the residue obtained is only 5 percent which is said to be carbon.

scholarly journals A Clean and Sustainable Cellulose-Based Composite Film Reinforced with Waste Plastic Polyethylene Terephthalate

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Airong Xu ◽  
Yongxin Wang ◽  
Xingmin Xu ◽  
Zhihong Xiao ◽  
Rukuan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Waste Plastics ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Thermal Compression ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Compression Treatment ◽  
Varying Mass

With the widespread use and increasing consumption of PET, the amount of waste PET is growing rapidly, and the accompanied environmental problems will become more and more serious. Therefore, the recycling and reuse of PET are of great significance for not only saving resources but also solving environmental issues. In this study, Methylcellulose (MC) composites reinforced with waste plastics polyethylene terephthalate (PET) were prepared by casting an MC/PET solution with a varying mass ratio of MC to PET. Systematic investigations were performed to reveal the effect of the MC/PET mass ratio on the mechanical property, chemical structure, and thermal properties. The resultant findings indicate that the addition of 3% waste plastics PET to MC could notably enhance the tensile strength by about 24% as compared with neat MC. Interestingly, the elongation of the MC/PET composite kept increasing with increasing waste plastics PET. At the same time, thermal compression treatment could also enhance the mechanical properties of the composite. Moreover, the composites also displayed higher thermal stability than MC. In addition, the crystallinity and morphology of the composite were estimated by XRD and SEM.

Study on fuel oil production from waste plastic products

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002.42 (0) ◽  
pp. 100-101
Author(s):  
Toshiki HASEBE ◽  
Shigeru TOSAKA ◽  
Yasuhiro FUJIWARA ◽  
Yoshinori TOMITA ◽  
Isao KUNITA
Keyword(s):  
Oil Production ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Plastic Products

A Novel Technology for Green(er) Manufacturing of CNTs via Recycling of Waste Plastics

2011 ◽  
Vol 1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanwei Zhuo ◽  
Brendan Hall ◽  
Yiannis Levendis ◽  
Henning Richter
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Waste Plastics ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Solid Polymers ◽  
Carbon Supply ◽  
Novel Technology ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Waste Solid

ABSTRACTCostly and often highly-flammable chemicals, such as hydrogen and carbon-containing gases, are largely used for carbon supply in current carbon nanotube (CNT) synthesis technologies. To mitigate related economic and safety concerns, we have developed a versatile CNT synthesis sequence, where low-cost and safe-to-handle-and-store waste solid polymers (plastics) are used for in situ generation of hydrogen and carbon-containing gases. Introduction of different waste plastics, such as polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene, into a multi-stage pyrolysis/ combustion/synthesis reactor allows for efficient CNT formation. This process is largely exothermic and scalable. It uses low-cost stainless steel screens to serve both as substrates as well as catalysts for CNT synthesis. This technique enables a solution for both waste plastic utilization and sustainable CNT production.

scholarly journals Performance Characteristics of VCR Engine by Adding Waste Plastics Oil to Diesel

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 5570-5572
Keyword(s):  
Vacuum Chamber ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Waste Plastics ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Pyrolysis Method ◽  
Technology Process

The waste plastics are collected at India in every year nearly 10 tons per day. The waste plastic has affects the humans being, house animals, birds and see foods earth and environment. The period of plastic decay may be taking nearly 1000 years. These waste plastics are used for filling purpose, or it may dump in back water area and ocean. But this technology process is recycling of these all type waste plastic in pyrolysis method. The pyrolysis methods the waste plastics are to heating the waste material in the vacuum chamber. In this study state condition 650 Celsius temperature need for melting and vaporizing. It condensed to make a fuel from waste plastics. It works like conventional fuel. This type of system can helping to reduced amount of waste plastic and can be provide 60% oil for gasoline to vehicles. The fuel does not emit any emission gases. It increases engine efficiency. This will be residue 5% of carbon block. The plastic oil will be mixed with diesel in some percentage like 5%, 10%, 20% and added with some additives, this additive is increase the engine performance, combustion characteristics and reduce emission. By making the use of pyrolysis technique, the levels of smoke is reduced which is verified by the experimental results. Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) also high when compared convention fuel. The pollutants such as carbon monoxide and NOx are presented in the waste plastic which is reduced by the proposed methods and it is observed that addition of oxygenates enhanced the combustion process

Viable Production of Diesel From Non-Recyclable Waste Plastics

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
John William Bordynuik
Keyword(s):  
Process Development ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Waste Plastics ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbons ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Grand Island ◽  
Barriers And Challenges

The art of refining liquid hydrocarbons (crude oil) into diesel, gasoline, and fuel oils was commercially scaled decades ago. Unfortunately, refineries are technologically limited to accepting only a very narrow range of liquid hydrocarbons with very specific properties and minimal contaminates. Unrecyclable, hydrocarbon-based waste is a significant environmental problem increasing every year. According to the Environmental Protection Agency’s 2010 Facts and Figures report, over 92% of waste plastic is not recycled and with a growth rate of approximately 8% per year, there exists a critical need for a viable and environmentally sound, general purpose hydrocarbon-based recycling process. Hydrocarbon streams that fall outside of accepted refinery standards have traditionally been landfilled or melted into products of low value. The barriers and challenges are so great that previous attempts to refine waste plastics into fuel resulted in unviable batch-based machines producing low-value, unstable mixed fuels. However, over the course of three years JBI, Inc. (“JBI”) has broken through these barriers and has designed and built a viable commercial-scale continuous refinery capable of processing a wide-range of hydrocarbon-based waste into ASTM specification fuels. Research and testing of scale-up through 1-gallon, 3000 gallon, multi-kiln, and 40 ton/day processors took place in a plant in Niagara Falls, NY. Technical challenges encountered and lessons learned during process development will be explained in detail. In 2009, our technology was “molecularly audited” by IsleChem, LLC (“IsleChem”) of Grand Island, NY and in 2012, the full-scale plant was viably validated by SAIC Energy, Environment & Infrastructure, LLC (“SAIC”). Numerous sources of waste plastic and users of the resulting fuel products conducted extensive audits of the technology, process, and plant. For the purpose of this paper, processing of waste plastics will be discussed in detail; however, this technology can be applied to other waste hydrocarbon-based materials such as contaminated monomers, waste oils, lubricants and other composite waste streams.

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