scholarly journals Physical Aggression and Facial Expression Identification

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 650-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisdair James Gordon Taylor ◽  
Maria Jose
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Facial Expression ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Social Information Processing ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Social Information ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Healthy Participants ◽  
Report Measure

Social information processing theories suggest that aggressive individuals may exhibit hostile perceptual biases when interpreting other’s behaviour. This hypothesis was tested in the present study which investigated the effects of physical aggression on facial expression identification in a sample of healthy participants. Participants were asked to judge the expressions of faces presented to them and to complete a self-report measure of aggression. Relative to low physically aggressive participants, high physically aggressive participants were more likely to mistake non-angry facial expressions as being angry facial expressions (misattribution errors), supporting the idea of a hostile predisposition. These differences were not explained by gender, or response times. There were no differences in identifying angry expressions in general between aggression groups (misperceived errors). These findings add support to the idea that aggressive individuals exhibit hostile perceptual biases when interpreting facial expressions.

scholarly journals Social Information Processing, Experiences of Aggression in Social Contexts, and Aggressive Behavior in Adolescents

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich Lösel ◽  
Thomas Bliesener ◽  
Doris Bender
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Social Information Processing ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Social Information ◽  
Verbal Aggression ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Impulsive Response ◽  
Violent Offenses

This study examines social information processing and experiences of aggression in social contexts as predictors of different forms of aggressive behavior. A sample of 102 boys (aggressive, average, competent, and victimized students) was investigated with a prospective design in Grade 7/8 and again in Grade 9/10. Results show an aggressive-impulsive response repertoire strongly predicted self-reported and teacher-reported physical aggression, verbal aggression, violent offenses, general aggression, and other forms of delinquency. Positive evaluations of aggressive responses showed a weaker effect, and attributions of hostility and aggressive/egocentric goal setting had no impact. Perceived aggression in the family, in the peer group, in media consumption, and (less consistently) at school predicted verbal aggression as well as physical aggression and violent offenses. Multivariate analyses revealed both mediating and independent effects of social information processing and experiences of aggression in social contexts. Results are discussed from methodological and theoretical perspectives.

scholarly journals Social Information Processing and Aggravation of Conduct in Young Offenders

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-131
Author(s):  
Mariana Guedes de Oliveira Franco ◽  
Marina Rezende Bazon
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Social Information Processing ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Social Information ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Illegal Acts ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

AbstractThe present study investigated the differences in patterns of social information processing (SIP) among adolescents with two trajectories of offending: group 1 (G1) composed of adolescents with a trajectory of major persistent offenses, which includes illegal acts considered violent; group 2 (G2) composed of individuals with a trajectory of minor persistent offenses, in which there is no escalation of the gravity of the offenses; and a comparison group (G3) with adolescents without involvement in offenses. SIP is one of the theoretical models most widely evoked to study and explain violent behavior in children/adolescents, in regarding the psychological processes that underlie behavior, specifically the cognitive nature. The participants answered a self-report delinquency interview and a SIP measure protocol. The results showed differences between the groups of offenders (G1 and G2) and the comparison group (G3) on the SIP pattern related to the competent responses. G1 and G2 revealed a SIP pattern poorly associated with socially competent behavior. However, G1 presented an SIP pattern more associated with the emission of aggressive behaviors. This pattern, although also present in G2, is more evident for those adolescents who reported committing crimes with the use of violence against people.

scholarly journals Predictors of HbA1c Trajectories in Predominantly Black Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E Keenan ◽  
Kristoffer S Berlin ◽  
Jessica L Cook ◽  
Rachel L Ankney ◽  
Kimberly L Klages ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Social Information Processing ◽  
Social Information ◽  
Growth Mixture Modeling ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Social Situations

Abstract Objective Following the Journal of Pediatric Psychology’s special edition on health disparities, calling for Phase 2 research exploring mechanisms of racial groups in health disparities, this study aims to explore social information processing predictors of longitudinal hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) trajectories in a racially diverse group of adolescents. The social information processing model of glycemic control in type 1 diabetes (T1D) posits that adolescents who make negative attributions about reactions of friends are likely to find adherence difficult in social situations, have increased stress, and have suboptimal glycemic control. Methods One hundred eighty-four youth with T1D completed self-report measures and HbA1c at three time points within 1 year was extracted from medical records. Growth mixture modeling empirically derived classes of HbA1c trajectories and explored predictive relationships of social information processing variables, demographics, and diabetes characteristics. Results Three classes emerged: High Decelerating, Mid-High Accelerating, and Near-Optimal Accelerating. Black/African American participants were highly likely to be in the High and Mid-High groups. Higher anticipated adherence difficulties in social situations predicted increased odds of being in the Mid-High versus Near-Optimal HbA1c group. Increased diabetes stress predicted increased odds of being in the High versus Near-Optimal and Mid-High groups. Conclusions Continuing research on mechanisms behind this health disparity is necessary with more representation from varied racial and ethnic groups. Equal access to diabetes technology and psychosocial treatments are recommended and implications for clinical intervention development are discussed.

Hostility and Perceptions of Support in Ambiguous Social Interactions

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana-Maria Vranceanu ◽  
Linda C. Gallo ◽  
Laura M. Bogart
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Information Processing ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Social Information ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Processing Bias ◽  
Information Processing Bias

The present study investigated whether a social information processing bias contributes to the inverse association between trait hostility and perceived social support. A sample of 104 undergraduates (50 men) completed a measure of hostility and rated videotaped interactions in which a speaker disclosed a problem while a listener reacted ambiguously. Results showed that hostile persons rated listeners as less friendly and socially supportive across six conversations, although the nature of the hostility effect varied by sex, target rated, and manner in which support was assessed. Hostility and target interactively impacted ratings of support and affiliation only for men. At least in part, a social information processing bias could contribute to hostile persons' perceptions of their social networks.

Social information processing of children with Neurofibromatosis Type 1

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Kurss ◽  
Anna E. Craig ◽  
Jennifer Reiter-Purtill ◽  
Kathryn Vannatta ◽  
Cynthia Gerhardt
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 ◽  
Social Information Processing ◽  
Social Information ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type
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