scholarly journals Study on impact of silver nanoparticles synthesized using aqueous extract of Ganoderma applanatum on thyroid and lipid parameters of albino rat

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 123-137
Author(s):  
Sukumar Dandapat ◽  
Rohit Srivastava ◽  
Manoranjan Prasad Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Transmission Peak ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Ganoderma Applanatum ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Lipid Parameters ◽  
Group 1

Se estudió el impacto de SNP cargadas con extracto de Ganoderma applanatum sobre el perfil tiroideo y lipídico de rata. Las SNP (diámetro medio 58,77 nm; potencial zeta - 3,8) mV se analizaron mediante DLS. La microespectroscopía de infrarrojo con transformada de Fourier proporcionó un pico de transmisión amplio y elevado a 3248,12 cm-1, que indica la carga bioquímica del extracto de G. applanatum en la superficie de los SNP. No se observó mortalidad ni cambios de comportamiento en la prueba de toxicidad aguda. El grupo-1 recibió 1 mL de agua destilada, el grupo-2 y el grupo-3 recibieron 200 mg kg-1 y 400 mg kg-1 de nanopartículas respectivamente. Una dosis de 400 mg kg-1 de SNPs mostró una mayor actividad hipertiroidea e hipolipidímica en comparación con el control y la dosis de 200 mg kg-1. Impact of silver nanoparticles loaded with Ganoderma applanatum extract on thyroid and lipid profile of rat were studied. Synthesized SNPs (Average diameter 58.77 nm; -13.8 mV zeta potential) were analysed by dynamic light scattering analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy provided broad and high transmission peak at 3248.12 cm-1 which indicates the loaded biochemical of the G. applanatum extract on the surface of SNPs. No mortality and behavioural changes were observed in the Acute toxicity test. Group-1 received 1 mL distilled water, group-2 and group-3 received 200 mg kg-1 and 400 mg kg-1 nanoparticles respectively. A 400 mg kg-1 dose of SNPs showed increased hyper thyroid and hypolipidimic activity as compared to control and 200 mg kg-1 dose.

scholarly journals Effects of Methanolic Root Extract of Holarrhena floribunda on the Lipid Profile and Sex Hormones in Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Dennis, Amaechi ◽  
E. O. Udosen ◽  
V. S. Ekam ◽  
I. P. Ekpe
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim: This study aims to determine the effects of methanolic root extract of Holarrehna floribunda on the level of some serum sex hormones, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, estradiol, progesterone and lipid profile in Wistar rats.   Materials and Methods: Twenty- four male and female Wistar rats (150-250 g body weight) were randomly assigned into 4 groups of 6 rats each. Group 1 (control male) took normal rat chow and drinking water. Group 2 (control female) took normal rat chow and drinking water, Group 3(Male test group), was administered with 200 mg/kg of Holarrehna floribunda extract, Group 4(Female test group), was administered with 200 mg/kg of Holarrehna floribunda. The feeding regimens lasted for 5weeks. Results: The values for the lipid profile shows CHOL in Group 1 and Group 3 were 4.02±0.41 mmol/l  and 5.75±0.09 mmol/l, Group 2 and Group 4 were 3.87±0.22 mmol/l  and 5.80±0.10 mmol/l  respectively, TRIG  for Group 1 and Group 3 were 1.30±0.05 mmol/l  and 2.11±0.15 mmol/l  for Groups 2 and 4 were 1.15±0.03 mmol/l  and (2.10±0.12 mmol/l,HDL-C for Groups 1 and 3 were 30.01±0.82 mg/dL  and 39.88± 1.24mg/dL,for Groups 2 and 4 were 29.98± 0.77 mg/dL  and 38.20± 1.83 mg/dL, LDL-C for Groups 1 and 3 were 2.26±0.37 mmol/L  and 4.17±0.35 mmol/L respectively, for Groups 2 and 4 were 3.27±0.47 mmol/L  and 4.06±0.21 mmol/L  respectively, shows significant increase(p<0.05) in HDL-C (mg/dL) in Groups 1,2,3 and 4.The values obtained showed significant increase (p<0.05) in HDL-C (mg/dL) in Groups 1,2,3and 4The serum concentrations of FSH, Estradiol, LH and progesterone in the control Group 2 were 0.38 ±0.07mIU/mL, 7.83±0.35 mIU/mL, 15.50±0.15 Pg/mL and 0.86±0.03 ng/mL respectively, and in test Group 4 were 0.77±0.04mIU/mL, 8.75±0.17 mIU/mL, 21.09±0.79 Pg/Ml 0.33±0.05 ng/mL. Follicle stimulating hormone levels was significantly higher (p<0.05) in test group compared with control. While in Group 1 and 3, the serum concentrations of FSH, LH, and testosterone in control Group 1 were (0.51 ±0.06) mIU/mL, (16.44±0.31) mIU/mL and (8.41±0.50) ng/mL respectively and in test Group 3 were 0.88±0.06 mIU/mL19.88±1.46mIU/mL and10.68±0.64 ng/mL, respectively. Conclusion: The extract improves the level of sex hormones in both the male and female rats.  which could enhance reproductive functions in normal rats and those with loss of reproductive function.

The Reliability of the “Scratch Test”

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEFFREY E. BUDOFF ◽  
JOHN M. HICKS ◽  
GUSTAVO AYALA ◽  
BARRY S. KRAUSHAAR
Keyword(s):  
Test Group ◽  
Scratch Test ◽  
Tendon Tissue ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Histological Difference ◽  
Normal Tendon ◽  
Medial Epicondylitis ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The “Scratch Test” uses a sharp scalpel to scrape areas of suspected tendinosis in the management of lateral and medial epicondylitis. As claimed in the literature, this tissue is friable and peels off, whereas normal tendon does not. The purpose of this study was to determine whether, or not, the “Scratch Test” is able to differentiate between tendinosis and more normal adjacent tendon. Nineteen specimens from patients treated for tendinosis about the elbow were examined histologically. Three groups of specimens were compared: (1) grossly abnormal tendon, (2) tendon that was scraped out using the “Scratch Test” and (3) tendon that remained behind following the “Scratch Test”. There was no significant histological difference between visibly degenerated tendon (group 1) and that which was scraped out using the “Scratch Test” (group 2). There was, however, a significant histological difference between both these groups and the more normal tendon tissue that the “Scratch Test” left behind (group 3).

scholarly journals The effect of uncooked and roll-dried maize starch, alone and mixed in equal quantity with sucrose, on dental caries in the albino rat

1967 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Green ◽  
R. L. Hartles
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Maize Starch ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group I ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

1. One hundred and ten weanling rats were distributed between five dietary groups in randomized blocks. Each block was constructed from within a litter and each member of the block received a different diet.2. The main features of the diets were: group I (twenty-six rats) 72% sucrose, group 2 (sixteen rats) 72% uncooked maize starch, group 3 (sixteen rats) 72% roll-dried maize starch, group 4 (twenty-six rats) 36% sucrose and 36% uncooked starch, group 5 (twenty-six rats) 36% sucrose and 36% roll-dried starch.3. The animals were killed after 20 days on the diets and assessed for dental caries. The rats of group 1 (sucrose) had significantly more caries than all other groups, the rats of group 2 (uncooked starch) had significantly less caries than any of the other groups. Roll-dried starch (group 3) produced significantly more caries than uncooked starch (group 2). The mixture of uncooked starch and sucrose (group 4) was significantly more cariogenic than the mixture of roll-dried starch and sucrose (group 5).

scholarly journals Adhesion Assessment Between Composites Using Three Different Protocols

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 236-243
Author(s):  
Raul Ghiurca ◽  
Smaranda Buduru ◽  
Marius Bud ◽  
Rares Buduru ◽  
Cristian Culcitchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Diamond Bur ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Etch And Rinse ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The main purpose of this study is to evaluate three different adhesiveprotocols between two composites. We used 60 composite specimens (Kerr�s Herculite XRV Ultra), randomly divided into 3 equal experimental groups, in which adhesion was performed using different protocols: Group 1 (n= 20) surface preparation with a 1.4 mm cylindrical diamond bur (Kerr Dental, FG503C-5) + etch and rinse technique in 2 steps; Group 2 (n= 20) surface preparation with a 1.4 mm cylindrical diamond bur (Kerr Dental, FG503C-5) + Al2O3 (Zhermack Dental) sandblasting + etch and rinse technique in 2 steps; Group 3 (n= 20) surface preparation with a 1.4 mm cylindrical diamond bur (Kerr Dental, FG503C-5) + glycine (EMS) sandblasting + etch and rinse technique in 2 steps. Adhesion assessment was made by measuring tensile strength with a universal testing machine, the INSTRON 3343 (Instron�, USA). At the end, the results were statistically compared using the ANOVA test. Group 3 (glycine protocol) had the greatest values in terms of tensile strength.

scholarly journals The effect of uncooked and roll-dried wheat starch, alone and mixed in equal quantity with sucrose, on dental caries in the albino rat

1967 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Green ◽  
R. L. Hartles
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Wheat Starch ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

1. Eighty weanling albino rats, five from each of sixteen litters were distributed between five dietary groups in sixteen randomized blocks. Each block was formed from within a litter and each animal in the block received a different diet.2. The main features of the diets were: group 1, 72% sucrose; group 2, 72% uncooked wheat starch; group 3, 72% roll-dried wheat starch; group 4, 36% sucrose and 36% uncooked starch; group 5, 36% sucrose and 36% roll-dried starch.3. The rats were killed after 20 days on the diets and assessed for dental caries. The rats consuming diets containing sucrose (groups 1, 4 and 5) had significantly more caries than animals receiving diets in which starch was the sole carbohydrate. The diet containing roll-dried wheat starch produced significantly more caries than uncooked starch. The mixture of uncooked starch and sucrose was more cariogenic than the mixture of roll-dried starch and sucrose.

Delayed Auditory Feedback as a Factor Influencing Retention

1974 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverly A. Timmons
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Multiple Choice Test ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Four groups of 20 Ss read difficult prose after which retention was measured with a multiple-choice test. Group 1 read under normal conditions and was tested immediately. Group 2 read under normal conditions and was tested after 24 hr. Group 3 read under 0.2-sec. delayed auditory feedback with immediate testing, while Group 4 also read under delay but was tested after 24 hr. All Ss reading under normal conditions obtained significantly higher scores than did the delayed groups. It was speculated that delayed auditory feedback may affect acquisition rather than retention.

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of the fracture strength of all-ceramic core materials on zirconium posts

2013 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 455-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihal Ozcan ◽  
Erdal Sahin
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Material Strength ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cerec 3D ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Objective: For most endodontically treated teeth, tooth-colored post-core systems are preferable for esthetic reasons. Therefore, improvements in material strength must also consider tooth colored post-core complexes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the difference in tooth colored post-core complex strengths. Materials and Methods: A total of 33 human maxillary central incisor teeth were used for this study, with three groups of 11 teeth. Three different methods were used to fabricate all-ceramic post-core restorations: zirconia blanks, Cerec 3D-milled to one-piece post-core restorations (Test Group 1); feldspathic cores (from feldspathic prefabricated CAD/CAM blocks) adhesively luted to CosmoPost zirconia posts (Test Group 2); and IPS Empress cores directly pressed to CosmoPost zirconia posts (Test Group 3). All-ceramic crowns from feldspathic ceramic were constructed using a CAD/CAM system (Cerec 3D) for all specimens. The post-core complexes were tested to failure with the load applied at 45° angled relative to the tooth long axis. The load at fracture was recorded. Results: The maximum fracture strength of the milled zirconia cores (Test Group 1) was 577 N; corresponding values for the milled feldspathic cores (Test Group 2) and the pressed cores (Test Group 3) were 586 and 585 N, respectively. Differences were not statistically significant at P < 0.05 (P = 0.669). Conclusions: All-ceramic cores adhesively luted on zirconia posts and one-piece all-ceramic zirconium post-core structures offer a viable alternative to conventional pressing.

scholarly journals Effect of Distraction Technique During Immunization to Reduce Behaviour Response Score (FLACC) to Pain in Toddlers

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
DS Gedam ◽  
M Verma ◽  
U Patel ◽  
S Gedam
Keyword(s):  
Pain Score ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Staff Nurse ◽  
Design For All ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Control Group Group ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: Distraction techniques are important non pharmacological tools to reduce pain in infants and children. Few data are available regarding their effectiveness in toddlers. We have assessed effectiveness of audio-visual distraction techniques in toddlers during and after vaccination. Materials and Methods: The study used a quasi experimental three group pretest post test design. For all the three groups, the injections were administered by same staff nurse. Group- 1 (120 Patient) was encouraged to see and play with light and sound producing toy. Group- 2 (120 Patient) children were encouraged to see cartoon movie and children of control group- 3 (110 patient) were immunized without any distraction technique. A question form was used to determine the infant’s characteristics and the Face, Leg, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) Pain Scale was used to assess the level of pain. Data was collected between 1st April 2012 and 30th September 2012. Results: The mean pain score of test group during procedure (Group-1: 2.30 & Group-2: 3.65) were lower than the score of control group (Group-3: 5.30). Similarly after procedure Score (Group-1: 4.62 & Group-2: 2.79) were lower than the score of control group (Group-3: 6.20). Conclusion: The lower pain score in response to vaccination in test group indicates that distraction technique i.e. light & sound producing toys and cartoon movies are practical way to reduce pain during routine medical interventions in toddler. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i1.7017 J Nepal Paediatr Soc. 2013;33(1):25-30

In-vivo evaluation of the effect of cyanoacrylate on prosthetic vascular graft infection – does cyanoacrylate increase the severity of infection?

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Atıf Yolgosteren ◽  
Gencehan Kumtepe ◽  
Melda Payaslioglu ◽  
Cuneyt Ozakin
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Prosthetic Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 1

Summary. Background: Prosthetic vascular graft infection (PVGI) is a complication with high mortality. Cyanoacrylate (CA) is an adhesive which has been used in a number of surgical procedures. In this in-vivo study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between PVGI and CA. Materials and methods: Thirty-two rats were equally divided into four groups. Pouch was formed on back of rats until deep fascia. In group 1, vascular graft with polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) was placed into pouch. In group 2, MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected into pouch. In group 3, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece was placed into pouch and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. In group 4, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece impregnated with N-butyl cyanoacrylate-based adhesive was placed and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. All rats were scarified in 96th hour, culture samples were taken where intervention was performed and were evaluated microbiologically. Bacteria reproducing in each group were numerically evaluated based on colony-forming unit (CFU/ml) and compared by taking their average. Results: MRSA reproduction of 0 CFU/ml in group 1, of 1410 CFU/ml in group 2, of 180 200 CFU/ml in group 3 and of 625 300 CFU/ml in group 4 was present. A statistically significant difference was present between group 1 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 2 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 3 and group 4 (p < 0.05). In terms of reproduction, no statistically significant difference was found in group 1, group 2, group 3 in themselves. Conclusions: We observed that the rate of infection increased in the cyanoacyrylate group where cyanoacrylate was used. We think that surgeon should be more careful in using CA in vascular surgery.

Abnormal Haemostasis and Blood Viscosity in Malignant Hypertension

1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (03) ◽  
pp. 253-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Isles ◽  
G D O Lowe ◽  
B M Rankin ◽  
C D Forbes ◽  
N Lucie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Malignant Hypertension ◽  
Fibrin Deposition ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

SummaryWe have previously shown abnormalities of haemostasis suggestive of intravascular coagulation in patients with malignant hypertension, a condition associated with retinopathy and renal fibrin deposition. To determine whether such abnormalities are specific to malignant hypertension, we have measured several haemostatic and haemorheological variables in 18 patients with malignant hypertension (Group 1), 18 matched healthy controls (Group 2), and 18 patients with non-malignant hypertension (Group 3) matched for renal pathology, blood pressure and serum creatinine with Group 1. Both Groups 1 and 3 had increased mean levels of fibrinogen, factor VIIIc, beta-thrombo- globulin, plasma viscosity and blood viscosity (corrected for haematocrit); and decreased mean levels of haematocrit, antithrombin III and platelet count. Mean levels of fast antiplasmin and alpha2-macroglobulin were elevated in Group 1 but not in Group 3. We conclude that most blood abnormalities are not specific to malignant hypertension; are also present in patients with non-malignant hypertension who have similar levels of blood pressure and renal damage; and might result from renal damage as well as promoting further renal damage by enhancing fibrin deposition. However increased levels of fibrinolytic inhibitors in malignant hypertension merit further investigation in relation to removal of renal fibrin.

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