scholarly journals Grado de Sobrecarga y Caracterización de Cuidadores de Personas Adultas Mayores con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-78
Author(s):  
Alicia Sarahy Martin del Campo Navarro ◽  
Pablo Medina Quevedo ◽  
Reyna Isabel Hernandez Pedroza ◽  
Sheida Eunice Correa Valenzuela ◽  
Sandra Lidia Peralta Peña ◽  
...  

Objective: To determinate the association between work overload degree and sociodemographic characteristics of informal caregivers of older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Material and Methods: Quantitative, descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional study of 83 informal caregivers of older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, coming from the northeast sector of Ciudad Obregon, Sonora, Mexico. The Zarit Scale was used to measure the overload degree, and items regarding sociodemographic characteristics were included. Results: The profile of the caregiver with tendency to work overload was: woman (81.9%), housewife (47%), with an average age of 40 years, married (53%), daughter of the older adult (72.3%), low schooling (66.1%), with a monthly income lower than or equal to $6,799 Mexican pesos (51.8%), one to three years acting as caregiver (54.2%), and dedicating more than 17 hours per day to provide care to the patient (51.8%). The 48.2% of the caregivers showed intense work overload, 44.6% absence of work overload and 7.2% slight work overload. A statistically significant association was found (p=0.02) between the degree of work overload and the marital status and occupation variables. Conclusions: The statistically significant association indicates that marital status and occupation is related to the caregiver’s perceived work overload degree. It is relevant to propose interventions addressed to these characteristics in order to reduce the work overload, which is a risk for the caregiver’s health with the aforementioned profile, since it is related to greater odds of medical, psychiatric, and social morbidity and mortality. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el grado de sobrecarga y las características sociodemográficas de cuidadores informales de personas adultas mayores con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, correlacional, de corte transversal a 83 cuidadores informales de personas adultas mayores con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, provenientes del sector noreste de Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México. Para medir la sobrecarga se utilizó la Escala Zarit, se incluyeron ítems sobre características sociodemográficas. Resultados: El perfil del cuidador con tendencia a sobrecarga fue: mujer (81.9%), ama de casa (47%), con un promedio de edad de 40 años, casada (53%), hija del adulto mayor (72.3%), de baja escolaridad (66.1%) e ingresos económicos mensuales menores o igual a 6,799 pesos mexicanos (51.8%) que lleva de uno a tres años como cuidadora (54.2%) dedicando más de 17 horas/ diarias al mismo (51.8%). El 48.2% de los cuidadores presentó sobrecarga intensa, el 44.6% ausencia de sobrecarga y 7.2% sobrecarga leve. Se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa (p=0.02) entre el grado de sobrecarga y las variables estado civil y ocupación.Conclusiones: La asociación significativa indica que el estado civil y la ocupación se relaciona con el grado de sobrecarga percibido en los cuidadores, lo cual es importante proponer que las intervenciones sean dirigidas a estas características para la disminución de la sobrecarga, la cual es un riesgo para la salud de los cuidadores con dicho perfil, ya que se encuentra asociada a mayor morbimortalidad médica, psiquiátrica y social del cuidador.

Gerontology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jie Cheng ◽  
Xuena Wang ◽  
Shinan Gan ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Ge Meng ◽  
...  

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Mounting evidence has demonstrated that skeletal muscle and visceral adiposity play crucial roles in glucose metabolism. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) to trunk fat mass (TFM) ratio (ASMI/TFM) is a more specific and identifiable factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in older adults than conventional anthropometric measures. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This cross-sectional study included 1,370 older adults from the Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health (TCLSIH) cohort. ASMI and TFM were measured by using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer, and T2DM was defined with the criteria of the American Diabetes Association. Odds ratios (ORs) were evaluated using multivariable logistic analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The prevalence of T2DM is 20.0% in this study. The multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% confidence interval) of T2DM for increasing categories of ASMI/TFM, BMI, and waist circumference (WC) were 1.00 (reference), 0.70 (0.49, 1.02), 0.61 (0.42, 0.89), and 0.45 (0.30, 0.67; <i>p</i> for trend &#x3c;0.0001); 1.00 (reference), 1.15 (0.83, 1.60), and 1.37 (0.94, 2.01; <i>p</i> for trend = 0.10); and 1.00 (reference) and 1.78 (1.19, 2.74; <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01), respectively. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Higher ASMI/TFM was associated with a lower prevalence of T2DM in this study of older adults. The T2DM predictive value of ASMI/TFM may be stronger than BMI and WC in this population.


Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 2393-PUB
Author(s):  
KENICHIRO TAKAHASHI ◽  
MINORI SHINODA ◽  
RIKA SAKAMOTO ◽  
JUN SUZUKI ◽  
TADASHI YAMAKAWA ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Dinh Toan Nguyen

Background: Studies show that diabetes mellitus is the greatest lifestyle risk factor for dementia. Appropriate management and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus could prevent the onset and progression of mild cognitive impairment to dementia. MoCA test is high sensitivity with mild dementia but it have not been used and studied widespread in Vietnam. Aim: 1. Using MoCA and MMSE to diagnose dementia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 2. Assessment of the relationship between dementia and the risk factors. Methods: cross-sectional description in 102 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were used to assess cognitive function. The diagnosis of dementia was made according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Results: The average value for MoCA in the group of patients with dementia (15.35 ± 2.69) compared with non-dementia group (20.72 ± 4.53). The sensitivity and specificity of MoCA were 84.8% and 78.3% in identifying individuals with dementia, and MMSE were 78.5% and 82.6%, respectively. Using DSMIV criteria as gold standard we found MoCA and MMSE were more similar for dementia cases (AUC 0.871 and 0.890). The concordance between MoCA and MMSE was moderate (kappa = 0.485). When considering the risk factors, the education,the age, HbA1c, dyslipidemia, Cholesterol total related with dementia in the type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: MoCA scale is a good screening test of dementia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.When compared with the MMSE scale, MoCA scale is more sensitive in detecting dementia. Key words: MoCA, dementia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, risk factors


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