scholarly journals Impact of NaCl on physiological and biochemical characteristics of maize (Zea mays L.) plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
K. R. Tagieva ◽  
I. V. Azizov
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Sodium Chloride Solutions ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Green Pigments ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Aim. The effect of 50 and 100 mmol NaCl concentrations on seed germination, the content of green pigments in seedlings, and on the activity of photosystem II in seedlings of maize varieties Zagatala 420, Zagatala 514, Zagatala 68 and Gurur and hybrid Gurur x Zagatala 68 was studied. Methods. Plant seeds were germinated under laboratory conditions in Petri dishes and pots with soil using 50 and 100 mmol of sodium chloride solutions. Germination, seed germination energy had been determined. In two-week old seedlings determined the number of photosynthetic pigments and the activity of photosystem II. Results. High concentrations (100 mmol) of NaCl reduced seed germination, pigments number, and photosystem II activity. At a salt concentration of 100 mmol, an increase in the carbohydrate content was noted. Conclusions. Varieties Gurur and Zagatala 68 and hybrid Gurur x Zagatala 68 were more tolerant compared to varieties Zagatala 420, Zagatala 514. Keywords: maize, NaCl, photosynthetic pigments, photosystem II.

scholarly journals Influence of NaCI on Seed Germination, Content of Photosynthetic Pigments, Sugars, and Activity of Photosystem II in Maize (Zea mays L.) Leaves

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
K. R. Tagieva ◽  
I. V. Azizov
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Sodium Chloride Solutions ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Green Pigments

The effect of 50 and 100 mmol NaCl concentrations on seed germination, the content of green pigments in seedlings, and on the activity of photosystem 2 in seedlings of maize varieties Zagatala 420, Zagatala 514, Zagatala 68 and Gurur and hybrid Gurur x Zagatala 68 was studied. Plant seeds were germinated under laboratory conditions in Petri dishes and pots with soil using 50 and 100 mmol of sodium chloride solutions. In two-week old seedlings determined the number of photosynthetic pigments and the activity of photosystem II. High concentrations (100 mmol) of NaCl reduced seed germination, pigments number, and photosystem II activity. At a salt concentration of 100 mmol, an increase in the carbohydrate content was noted. Varieties Gurur and Zagatala 68 and their hybrid “Gurur x Zagatala 68” were more tolerant compared to varieties Zagatala 420, and Zagatala 514.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF HEAVY METALS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CORN VARIETIEShttps://doi.org/10.32014/2021.2518-1483.28

REPORTS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (336) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
A. M. Digarbaeva ◽  
A. N. Kaliyeva ◽  
E. A. Kirshibayev ◽  
M. R. Bahtybaeva
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Actual Weight ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Heavy metals are some of the most harmful chemicals in the environment today. Today, many scientists believe that the main factor that negatively affects the plant in saline conditions is the osmotic effect of salts. In conditions of soil salinity, the lack of plants causes dehydration of proteins, which negatively affects the physiological and biochemical processes of plants. Plants absorb heavy metals in different ways. It absorbs heavy metals from the soil through the roots and from the air through the stomata of the leaves, mainly through dust. The aim of the research is to study the influence of heavy metals on the physiological and biochemical processes of growth and development of maize varieties. The article presents the research results of the heavy metals influence on the elongation of seedlings and the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments during the germination of maize varieties. It is obvious that heavy metals affect the growth and plant development from the initial germination stage of corn kernels. The results of monitoring various effects of heavy metals on photosynthetic pigments are also presented. In addition, the length of the above- water and underground parts of the biomass, the ratio of dry weight to actual weight is the heavy metals effect on plants. For example, the leaves turned dark green, the stems twisted, did not fully open and turned pink. Under the influence of heavy metals, plant development, metabolism and photosynthesis are disrupted, as well as the normal course of respiration and photosynthesis. According to the results obtained, the impact of heavy metals on maize varieties significantly inhibits the accumulation and growth of biomass. In particular, the processes of plant root growth are suppressed. Differences in the tolerance of different varieties of heavy metals can be explained by their varietal characteristics and genetic basis. Currently, there is a theoretical and practical interest in the identification of ion-resistant forms of heavy metals, their ability to detect and reveal their nature, the development of ways to increase the impact and resistance of heavy metals on plants. Formulating the results of the study, it was found that different heavy metals concentrations (CuSO4 and CdSO4) negatively affect the growth of corn varieties. This can be seen from the tables below (tables 1, 2, 3, 4).

Isolation and characterization of a bacterium able to degrade high concentrations of iprodione

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Cao ◽  
Wenhong Shi ◽  
Rundong Shu ◽  
Jian Pang ◽  
Yuetao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

A bacterial strain CQH-1 capable of mineralizing iprodione was isolated and characterized. On the basis of its morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics combined with phylogenetic analysis of its 16S rRNA gene sequence, strain CQH-1 was identified as a Microbacterium sp. CQH-1. It was able to use iprodione and 3,5-dichloroaniline as the sole source of carbon and energy for its growth. It completely degraded 100 mg·L−1iprodione within 96 h at 30 °C. During the degradation of iprodione by strain CQH-1, 2 compounds were detected in GC–MS analysis and were recognized as N-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2,4-dioxoimidazolidine and 3,5-dichloroaniline. So, the biodegradation pathway of iprodione by strain CQH-1 was proposed. This is the first report of an iprodione-mineralizing strain from the genus Microbacterium, and strain CQH-1 might be a promising candidate for application in the bioremediation of iprodione-contaminated environments.

The Toxicity of Castor Beans and its Treatment with Doxycycline in Local Rabbits

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nael Mohammed Sarheed ◽  
Osamah Faisal Kokas ◽  
Doaa Abd Alabas Muhammed Ridh
Keyword(s):  
Castor Bean ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Doxycycline Treatment ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Physiological Tests ◽  
Animal House ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The plant of castor is widely spread in the Iraqi land, and characterized with containing ricin toxin, which has a very serious effects, and because the seeds of this plant scattered in the agricultural soil and rivers water, which increases the exposure of humans and animals to these beans. Objective: This experiment was designed to study the effect of high concentration of castor bean powder in some physiological and biochemical parameters and changes in some tissues of the body, as well as trying to use doxycycline to reduce the effects of ingestion of these seeds. Materials and Methods: In the experiment, 24 local rabbits were raised and fed in the Animal House of the Faculty of Medicine / Al-Muthanna University, then divided into four groups and treated for three weeks (21 days), Control group: treated with normal saline solution (0.9) orally throughout the experiment, G1: was treated orally with a concentration of 25 mg / kg of castor bean powder daily during the experiment, G2 : orally treated 25 mg / kg of castor bean and 25 mg / kg of doxycycline, G3: orally treated 25 mg / kg of castor powder with 50 mg / kg of doxycycline daily throughout the trial period. Results: The results of the experiment showed significant changes (P less than 0.05) in all physiological and biochemical blood tests when compared with control group. There was a significant decrease in PCV, Hb, RBC, T.protein and body weights, while demonstrated a significant increase in WBC, Urea, Creatinine, ALT, AST and ALP, with distortions in liver and kidney of animals that treated with Castor beans. In contrast, the treatment with doxycycline and caster beans showed significant improvement reflected by a normal proportion in physiological tests and biochemical tests with improvement in the tissues when compared to control group. Conclusions: It can be concluded from this study that castor bean has high toxic and pathogenic effects that may be dangerous to the life of the organism. Therefore, it is advisable to be cautious of these pills and avoid exposure to them, also recommended to take high concentrations of doxycycline treatment when infected with castor bean poisoning.

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