scholarly journals Gaming Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-64
Author(s):  
Minka Stoyanova
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Computing ◽  
Social System ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Computational Logic ◽  
New Class ◽  
Game World ◽  
Logical Fallacies ◽  
Computational Structures

The ubiquitous adoption of mobile computing devices has implicated all of us in a techno-social system of interaction dominated by the codified and computational logic of the game. This paper will examines the modes by which these computational structures, in the guise of games, have come to dominate our understanding of, and interaction with, the non-game world. It will then identify how the application of this logic creates cognitive and phenomenological ruptures, which can be leveraged by creative individuals to reveal logical fallacies within the applied structures. Throughout, it will identify and analyze creative practices that exemplify responses to these logical fallacies in order to identify ways in which a new class of creative individuals is emerging to tackle the dangerous slippage between gamespace (the space of play, games) and gameic (gamic) space (ordinary/real life to which ludic properties have been applied).

scholarly journals An analytics-based heuristic decomposition of a bilevel multiple-follower cutting stock problem

OR Spectrum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adejuyigbe O. Fajemisin ◽  
Laura Climent ◽  
Steven D. Prestwich
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Cutting Stock Problem ◽  
Cutting Stock ◽  
Decomposition Approach ◽  
New Class ◽  
Bilevel Problem ◽  
Programming Techniques ◽  
Bilevel Problems ◽  
Better Than

AbstractThis paper presents a new class of multiple-follower bilevel problems and a heuristic approach to solving them. In this new class of problems, the followers may be nonlinear, do not share constraints or variables, and are at most weakly constrained. This allows the leader variables to be partitioned among the followers. We show that current approaches for solving multiple-follower problems are unsuitable for our new class of problems and instead we propose a novel analytics-based heuristic decomposition approach. This approach uses Monte Carlo simulation and k-medoids clustering to reduce the bilevel problem to a single level, which can then be solved using integer programming techniques. The examples presented show that our approach produces better solutions and scales up better than the other approaches in the literature. Furthermore, for large problems, we combine our approach with the use of self-organising maps in place of k-medoids clustering, which significantly reduces the clustering times. Finally, we apply our approach to a real-life cutting stock problem. Here a forest harvesting problem is reformulated as a multiple-follower bilevel problem and solved using our approach.

scholarly journals Self-organising management of user-generated data and knowledge

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Macbeth ◽  
Jeremy V. Pitt
Keyword(s):  
Pervasive Computing ◽  
User Generated Content ◽  
Participatory Sensing ◽  
Open Approach ◽  
Computational Logic ◽  
New Class ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Development Framework ◽  
Governance Model ◽  
Institutional Analysis And Development

AbstractThe proliferation of sensor networks, mobile and pervasive computing has provided the technological push for a new class of participatory-sensing applications, based on sensing and aggregating user-generated content, and transforming it into knowledge. However, given the power and value of both the raw data and the derived knowledge, to ensure that the generators are commensurate beneficiaries, we advocate an open approach to the data and intellectual property rights by treating user-generated content, as well as derived information and knowledge, as a common-pool resource. In this paper, we undertake an extensive review of experimental, commercial and social participatory sensory applications, from which we identify that a decentralised, community-oriented governance model is required to support this approach. Furthermore, we show that Ostrom’s institutional analysis and development framework, in conjunction with a framework for self-organising electronic institutions, can be used to give both an architecture and algorithmic base for the requisite governance model, in terms of operational and collective-choice rules specified in computational logic. This provides, we believe, the foundations for engineering knowledge commons for the next generation of participatory-sensing applications, in which the data generators are also the primary beneficiaries.

scholarly journals Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation — The Use of NOACs in Everyday Clinical Practice

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Gheorghe-Andrei Dan ◽  
Adrian Catalin Buzea ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Stroke Prevention ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Everyday Clinical Practice ◽  
New Class ◽  
Antithrombotic Efficacy ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Near Future

Non-antivitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have recently emerged as a new class of antithrombotic drugs. Four large-scale, randomised controlled trials (RCT) accredited dabigatran, rivaroxaban and edoxaban with evident advantages for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF) compared with warfarin. The superiority concerns not only the manageability but also the antithrombotic efficacy and safety. Aspects of real-life clinical experience with NOAC for stroke prevention in AF are analysed in an attempt to underline some practical differences. If at present the individualisation of the NOAC class drugs is still a subject of debate it is probable that in the near future we will be able to adapt the drug and dosages to individual patient’s profile.

scholarly journals Cardioversion of recent-onset atrial fibrillation using intravenous antiarrhythmics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Levy
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Torsades De Pointes ◽  
Antiarrhythmic Agents ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
New Class ◽  
Pharmacological Cardioversion ◽  
Onset Atrial Fibrillation

ABSTRACT (195 words) Pharmacological cardioversion using intravenous antiarrhythmic agents is commonly indicated in symptomatic patients with recent-onset atrial fibrillation (AF). Except in hemodynamically unstable patients who require emergency direct current electrical cardioversion, for the majority of hemodynamically stable patients, pharmacological cardioversion represents a valid option and requires the clinician to be familiar with the properties and use of antiarrhythmic agents. The main characteristics of selected intravenous antiarrhythmic agents for conversion of recent-onset AF, the reported success rates and possible adverse events are discussed. Among intravenous antiarrhythmics, flecainide, propafenone, amiodarone, sotalol, dofetilide, ibutilide and vernakalant are commonly used. Antazoline, an old antihistaminic agent with antiarrhythmic properties was also reported to give encouraging results. Intravenous flecainide and propafenone are the only class I agents still recommended by recent guidelines. Intravenous new class III agents as dofetilide and ibutilide have high and rapid efficacy in converting AF to sinus rhythm but require strict surveillance with ECG monitoring during and after intravenous administration because the potential risk of QT prolongation and Torsades de Pointes which can be prevented and properly managed. Vernakalant, a partial atrial selective was shown to have a high success rate and to be safe in real life use.

scholarly journals Strategyproof and Fair Matching Mechanism for Union of Symmetric M-convex Constraints

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzhe Zhang ◽  
Kentaro Yahiro ◽  
Nathanaël Barrot ◽  
Makoto Yokoo
Keyword(s):  
Convex Sets ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Convex Constraints ◽  
New Class ◽  
Distributional Constraints ◽  
Deferred Acceptance ◽  
Matching Mechanism

In this paper, we identify a new class of distributional constraints defined as a union of symmetric M-convex sets, which can represent a variety of real-life constraints in two-sided matching settings. Since M-convexity is not closed under union, a union of symmetric M-convex sets does not belong to this well-behaved class of constraints in general. Thus, developing a fair and strategyproof mechanism that can handle this class is challenging. We present a novel mechanism called Quota Reduction Deferred Acceptance (QRDA), which repeatedly applies the standard DA mechanism by sequentially reducing artificially introduced maximum quotas. We show that QRDA is fair and strategyproof when handling a union of symmetric M-convex sets. Furthermore, in comparison to a baseline mechanism called Artificial Cap Deferred Acceptance (ACDA), QRDA always obtains a weakly better matching for students and, experimentally, performs better in terms of nonwastefulness.

Asynchronous Horizons Durable-Strategies Dynamic Games and Tragedy of Cross-Generational Environmental Commons

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150020
Author(s):  
David W. K. Yeung ◽  
Leon A. Petrosyan
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Games ◽  
Price Of Anarchy ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Noncooperative Game ◽  
Entry And Exit ◽  
Cooperative Solution ◽  
New Class ◽  
Degradation Problem

Different entry and exit times and overlapping generations of players are common in real-life game situations. In addition, durable strategies which have effects over a period of time are no less common than nondurable strategies which have only one-shot effects. This paper develops a new class of dynamic games which contains durable strategies with asynchronous players’ horizons. The optimization techniques for solving asynchronous horizons durable strategies control are derived. Noncooperative game equilibria and cooperative optimal solution are presented. An asynchronous horizons durable strategies dynamic environmental game is provided to analyze the seemingly catastrophe-bound environmental degradation problem. The Price of Anarchy (PoA) in cross-generational exploitation of environmental commons is calibrated. A cooperative solution with a dynamically stable compensatory scheme is presented to alleviate the problem.

Diffusion of E-Learning as an Educational Innovation

2011 ◽  
pp. 1097-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petek Askar ◽  
Ugur Halici
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environment ◽  
Social System ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Educational Innovation ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Technology And Learning ◽  
The World ◽  
Life Issues ◽  
Innovation And Technology ◽  
E Learning

Most of the discussions related to education are about technological innovations. Indeed as Rogers (1995) stated, we often use the word “innovation” and “technology” as synonyms. Technology is regarded as an agent of change in educational settings, and a quick analysis of the educational projects all over the world shows us that it is not possible to define a future vision of education without technology, especially e-learning, which brings two important concepts together: technology and learning. Therefore as a form of distance learning, e-learning has become a major instructional force in the world. Besides the technological developments, the last two decades have brought a tremendous increase in knowledge in education, particularly in learning. The emerging views of learning which should be taken into consideration for every learning environment could be stated as follows: personalized, flexible, and coherent (learning is connected to real-life issues); not bounded by physical, geographic, or temporal space; rich in information and learning experiences for all learners; committed to increasing different intelligences and learning styles; interconnected and collaborative; fostering interorganizational linkages; engaged in dialogue with community members; accountable to the learner to provide adaptive instructional environments (Marshall, 1997). WWW is an environment that fits the new paradigm of learning and facilitates “e-learning” which faces a challenge of diffusion. Diffusion is defined by Rogers (1995) as the process by which an innovation is communicated through certain channels over time among the members of a social system. Therefore the adoption of WWW as a learning environment is influenced by the following set of factors: 1) the individuals’ perception of the attributes of e-learning, 2) the nature of the communication channels, 3) the nature of the social system, and 4) the extent of the change agents’ efforts in the e-learning. These are the variables that affect the diffusion of e-learning in the schools and countries.

scholarly journals A New Class in a Transforming Society. [Rev.] Toshchenko Zh.T. Prekariat: ot protoklassa k novomu klassu. Monografija. [Prekariat: From protoclass to a New Class. Monograph.] Moscow: Nauka publ., 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey A. Vozmitel
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Social System ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
New Approach ◽  
New Class ◽  
The Social

The author of the reviewed monograph argues that social classes have not disappeared, but rather they have acquired new qualities and parameters. Thus J.T. Toschenko shows the need for a new approach towards analyzing social stratification. This analysis should be based not on “income, education and social status, but it should include such new factors as guaranteed sustained employment, the availability of social protection, preserving professional identity, participating in governance and confidence in the future”. The group of people who are deprived of any social achievements is going to keep growing. The author uses the term “the precariat” for those persons who lack any legal guarantees or legal protection of their basic needs. The precariat is characterised by multiple deprivation, which has never been observed on this scale before. The monograph aims at highlighting the main reasons for the emergence of this “protoclass”. The main reason being the turbulence, the inconsistency and the distortion of social processes, which lead to a traumatized society, it being a result of long-term degradation and the social system withering away.

Semantic-Awareness for a Useful Digital Life

2011 ◽  
pp. 306-338
Author(s):  
Johann Stan ◽  
Myriam Ribière ◽  
Jérôme Picault ◽  
Lionel Natarianni ◽  
Nicolas Marie
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Physical Object ◽  
Dynamic Interaction ◽  
Information Need ◽  
Social Applications ◽  
Semantic Awareness ◽  
Digital Or

In this book chapter the authors address two main challenges for building compelling social applications. In the first challenge they focus on the user by addressing the issue of building dynamic interaction profiles from the content they produce in a social system. Such profiles are key to find the best person to contact based on an information need. The second challenge presents their vision of “object-centered sociality”, which allows users to create spontaneous communities centered on a digital or physical object. In each case, proof-of-concept industrial prototypes show the potential impact of the concepts on the daily life of users. The main contribution of this chapter is the design of conceptual frameworks for helping users to take maximum advantage from their participation in online communities, either in the digital web ecosystem or real-life spontaneous communities.

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