scholarly journals OVERVÅGNING SOM LOVGIVNING - HASAN ELAHI OG SURVEILLANCE CAMERA PLAYERS SOM EKSEMPEL

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (110) ◽  
pp. 129-146
Author(s):  
Karen-Margrethe Simonsen
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Contemporary Art ◽  
World War ◽  
Surveillance Camera ◽  
Control Society ◽  
Point Of Departure

SURVEILLANCE AS LAW. CASE-STUDIES OF HASAN ELAHI AND THE SURVEILLANCE CAMERA PLAYERSThis article traces sousveillance strategies in two pieces of contemporary art, namely in Hasan Elahi’s Tracking Transience (2002), and 1984 by The Surveillance Camera Players. It discusses the ways that contemporary art reflects surveillance in an ironic and metareflective way. The article is based on the idea that the conditions for understanding the logics of surveillance have changed since World War II. It takes its point of departure in Gilles Deleuze’s proposition that we live in post-disciplinarian societies and that contemporary surveillance should be understood not according to the logic of the panopticon but according to the logic of a coded ‘control society’ based on modulations. It also follows the idea, proposed by Larry Catá Backer that surveillance not only is a phenomenon facilitated by law but is also a phenomenon that creates its own law and regulation.

scholarly journals The Importance of the Collection of Oskar Kolberg for Contemporary Choreological Studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Tomasz Nowak
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
World War ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Extensive Documentation ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Point Of Departure

Abstract The mainstream fields of Polish dance research were defined in 1818–1847 by Józef Elsner, Kazimierz Brodziński, Łukasz Gołębiowski and Karol Czerniawski, who broadly characterized some elements of the dances considered as national (the polonaise, mazur, krakowiak and kozak). Oskar Kolberg knew very well the works of all these authors and referred to them many times. However, he was unique in his extensive documentation of dance melodies, information about their geographic origin, and local terminology. He also characterized the dances with regard to their sequence in the traditional context and described the dance technique in an instructive manner. Oskar Kolberg’s documentation for quite a long time remained outside the scope of mainstream research and publications about dance in Poland. In the 1930s Polish representatives of the newly defined field of ethnochoreology were the first to include examples from Kolberg in their works on the ritual dances, regional dances and characteristic dance behaviour types and forms. Kolberg’s works increased in popularity after the World War II. Today the materials left by Oskar Kolberg allow us to establish to a large extent the geographic range and perspective on the changes of dance repertoire, both with regard to choreographic technique and dance types, or a more detailed and critical perspective on the problems of folk terminology in dance phenomena. It may also serve as the point of departure for wider retrospective or comparative studies – which may not be very fashionable today, but which have never been adequately conducted in Poland.

The Appearance and Development of Art Informel in European Painting

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rumen Zhekov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Contemporary Art ◽  
World War ◽  
Art Scene ◽  
American Painting

The article aims to identify and analyze the prerequisites and causes of the emergence of art informel in European painting and to define its first official manifestations of the art scene and it the unusual development of the late 1940s to the 1980s. Are considerate and the socio-political situations and changes after the end of World War II and their reflections on European painting in the second half of the twentieth century. The author brings a parallel with processes running during this period of time in American painting and correspondence with the European one. The main groups and representatives of this movement, manifesto, concepts and ideologies are included. Significant forums were also mentioned, presenting their works, promoted and promoted in contemporary art.

The Oil Wars Myth

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Meierding
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Iraq War ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Conventional Wisdom ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
International Conflicts ◽  
World War ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Oil Company

Do countries fight wars for oil? Given the resource's exceptional military and economic importance, most people assume that states will do anything to obtain it. Challenging this conventional wisdom, the book reveals that countries do not launch major conflicts to acquire petroleum resources. The book argues that the costs of foreign invasion, territorial occupation, international retaliation, and damage to oil company relations deter even the most powerful countries from initiating “classic oil wars.” Examining a century of interstate violence, the book demonstrates that, at most, countries have engaged in mild sparring to advance their petroleum ambitions. The book elaborates on these findings by reassessing the presumed oil motives for many of the twentieth century's most prominent international conflicts: World War II, the two American Gulf wars, the Iran–Iraq War, the Falklands/Malvinas War, and the Chaco War. These case studies show that countries have consistently refrained from fighting for oil. The book also explains why oil war assumptions are so common, despite the lack of supporting evidence. Since classic oil wars exist at the intersection of need and greed–two popular explanations for resource grabs–they are unusually easy to believe in. The book will engage and inform anyone interested in oil, war, and the narratives that connect them.

Digitization, Virtual Collections, and Total Archives in the Twenty-First Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 148-173
Author(s):  
Jason Lustig
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Jewish History ◽  
First Century ◽  
World War ◽  
Historical Materials ◽  
The World ◽  
Cairo Genizah

This final chapter argues that struggles over archival ownership and the possibility of archival totality continue far beyond the years immediately following World War II. It considers three case studies to consider new forms of total archives being created through virtual collections and digitization: The Center for Jewish History in New York City (formed in 1994/1995 and opened in 2000), the efforts by the YIVO Institute for Jewish Research to digitize materials found in Lithuania and reunite them with their own files, and the Friedberg Genizah Project’s initiative to digitize and join together fragments of the Cairo Genizah found in repositories around the world. These case studies showcase enduring visions of monumentality and indicate how archival construction is not merely the province of the past. Instead, the process of gathering historical materials is a continual process of making and remaking history.

From Dissent to Democracy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan C. Pinckney
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
World War ◽  
Authoritarian Rule ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Nonviolent Resistance ◽  
Successful Resolution ◽  
Positive Effect

Under what conditions will successful nonviolent revolutions lead to democratization? While the scholarly literature has shown that nonviolent resistance has a positive effect on a country’s level of democracy, little research to date has disaggregated this population to explain which cases of successful nonviolent resistance lead to democracy and which do not. This book presents a theory of democratization in transitions initiated by nonviolent resistance based on the successful resolution of two central strategic challenges: maintaining high transitional mobilization and avoiding institutionally destructive maximalism. I test the theory, first, on a data set of every transition from authoritarian rule in the post–World War II period and, second, with three in-depth case studies informed by interviews with key decision-makers in Nepal, Zambia, and Brazil. The testing supports the importance of high mobilization and low maximalism. Both have strong, consistent effects on democratization after nonviolent resistance.

scholarly journals The Question of Appropriateness. Museums Established in Synagogues in Communist Poland: The Cases of Łańcut and Włodawa

Arts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Kinga Migalska
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
World War ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Subsequent Period ◽  
The Way

World War II and the subsequent period of communist rule severely diminished the amount of historic Jewish architecture in Poland. It is estimated that in the mid-1990s there were about 321 synagogues and prayer houses in the country, all in various states of preservation. This article examines two case studies of synagogues that were salvaged by being transformed into Judaica museums. The first of these is the synagogue in Łańcut and the second concerns the complex of two synagogues and one prayer house in Włodawa. The article contains an analysis of both examples from the perspective of the following factors: the circumstances under which the institution was established, the place that the history and culture of Jews took in the Museum’s activity, the way that Judaica collections and exhibitions were constructed, the substantive, educational, and research activities that were undertaken, as well as the issue of what place these monuments occupy in the town’s landscape.

Imitation of Life and the Depiction of Suburban Space

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria L. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
General Context ◽  
American City ◽  
Color Line ◽  
World War ◽  
The Impact

After some discussion of the impact of the automobile on the shape of the twentieth-century American city, Chapter 4 ("Imitation of Life and the Depiction of Suburban Space") contrasts John Stahl's 1934 adaptation with Sirk's 1959 cinematic version of Fanny Hurst's best-selling 1933 novel. Among other things, this comparison shows how the director has inscribed the "color line" that divided African-Americans from whites after World War II into Lora Meredith's leafy suburb in the later remake. The historically informed interpretation of the built environment that supports this conclusion also establishes the general context for the final section of this book, which consists of two architectural case studies that are each devoted to one particularly significant film.

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