historical materials
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

408
(FIVE YEARS 128)

H-INDEX

11
(FIVE YEARS 2)

Viruses ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Outi I. Mielonen ◽  
Diogo Pratas ◽  
Klaus Hedman ◽  
Antti Sajantila ◽  
Maria F. Perdomo

Formalin fixation, albeit an outstanding method for morphological and molecular preservation, induces DNA damage and cross-linking, which can hinder nucleic acid screening. This is of particular concern in the detection of low-abundance targets, such as persistent DNA viruses. In the present study, we evaluated the analytical sensitivity of viral detection in lung, liver, and kidney specimens from four deceased individuals. The samples were either frozen or incubated in formalin (±paraffin embedding) for up to 10 days. We tested two DNA extraction protocols for the control of efficient yields and viral detections. We used short-amplicon qPCRs (63–159 nucleotides) to detect 11 DNA viruses, as well as hybridization capture of these plus 27 additional ones, followed by deep sequencing. We observed marginally higher ratios of amplifiable DNA and scantly higher viral genoprevalences in the samples extracted with the FFPE dedicated protocol. Based on the findings in the frozen samples, most viruses were detected regardless of the extended fixation times. False-negative calls, particularly by qPCR, correlated with low levels of viral DNA (<250 copies/million cells) and longer PCR amplicons (>150 base pairs). Our data suggest that low-copy viral DNAs can be satisfactorily investigated from FFPE specimens, and encourages further examination of historical materials.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (16) ◽  
pp. 9-57
Author(s):  
Eliza Pawłowska

Musicians attach increasing importance to the selection of edition they use for playing. There is a growing awareness of the influence of score material selection on interpretation. Historical performance raises the bar as well by encouraging the use of autographs, manuscripts and first editions. Thanks to referring to historical materials, we can quickly appreciate the effort of contemporary editors who – once publishing scores today – make them much more accessible. It would seem that basing one’s interpretation on an urtext edition should be a perfect solution combining today’s clarity with historical truth. The analysis shows, however, that even these trustworthy urtext editions differ from one another, thus differ from the autograph. Using Sonata in A Minor D 385 by Franz Schubert as an example, the article shows different approaches to music text edition. There are distinct ways in which editors interpret articulation, dynamics, and even sound pitch. The biggest number of differences can be found in terms of articulation, which it largely connected with the necessity to read handwritten material. Unambiguous deciphering (and exact placement) of numerous music markings can sometimes be downright impossible. That is why editors often use the method which consists in searching for analogies between fragments and parts, yet this method does not always seem right. As performance practice shows, treating each part individually, playing a similar fragment in a dissimilar way, often brings interesting results interpretation-wise. The article encourages own experiments, using doubts as material for interpretation, and using the benefits of contemporary editions cautiously.


Author(s):  
Oleksandr Bezruchko ◽  
Nataliia Kachmar

The purpose of the research is to investigate the history of contemporary Ukrainian cinema and to analyze the ways of its development. Highlight the main problems of national film production; identify the main principles and areas of its potential realization, the conditions for creating a successful and engaging film industry in Ukraine. The research methodology consists of the following methods: analytical – the study and analysis of historical materials of the Ukrainian cinema formation; empirical – the generalization of monitoring the intensity of filmmaking; theoretical – the research of prospects and directions of national film potential realization. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the prospects and directions of the national film potential realization are outlined based on the detailed in-depth analysis of the Ukrainian cinema historical development, an estimation of its modern condition. Conclusions. Analysis of the current state of Ukrainian cinema showed that the national cinema has undergone changes in the basic guidelines and value vectors of its development, intensified the process of realizing its potential, began building effective mechanisms of administrative and legal regulation of this area for development and proper functioning of the domestic film industry.


2021 ◽  
pp. 148-173
Author(s):  
Jason Lustig

This final chapter argues that struggles over archival ownership and the possibility of archival totality continue far beyond the years immediately following World War II. It considers three case studies to consider new forms of total archives being created through virtual collections and digitization: The Center for Jewish History in New York City (formed in 1994/1995 and opened in 2000), the efforts by the YIVO Institute for Jewish Research to digitize materials found in Lithuania and reunite them with their own files, and the Friedberg Genizah Project’s initiative to digitize and join together fragments of the Cairo Genizah found in repositories around the world. These case studies showcase enduring visions of monumentality and indicate how archival construction is not merely the province of the past. Instead, the process of gathering historical materials is a continual process of making and remaking history.


2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 196-232
Author(s):  
Martino Diez

Abstract Ibn Ḫaldūn spent the last 24 years of his life in Egypt. There he enlarged the scope of his history, venturing beyond the boundaries of his own civilization. In this process, three authors played a crucial role: the Copto-Arabic historian Ibn al-ʿAmīd al-Makīn, the Josippon, and the Arabic translation of Orosius. Adopting a “coring method”, and based on Ibn al-ʿAmīd’s forthcoming edition, this article studies the use of the Coptic historian in a very limited, but significant, sample of Ibn Ḫaldūn’s history, i.e., the passage devoted to the Achaemenids. The comparison between the two texts allows to draw some conclusions regarding the process of transmission of historical materials from late antiquity to Islam. First, historiography was perceived by Ibn Ḫaldūn and several other Muslim authors as a discipline in which non-Muslims could participate, and the Bible was generally considered as a reliable source of information. Second, the accounts on pre-Islamic history which were more likely to be preserved shared three traits: they were mostly understandable, relevant to the readers, and non-controversial.


Author(s):  
Nataliia Kendzora

Aim. The aim of the article is the following: to analyze the historical materials on the creation of the Botanical Garden arboretum; to investigate the age structure of the dendroflora collection; to study the taxonomic composition, biometric indicators, the sanitary condition of the age-old trees, and their significance in cultural phytocoenoses. Materials and Methods. The study is based on the materials of inventory of woody and shrub plants of the arboretum and literary sources related to the analysis of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the dendroflora collection. Results. Arboretum of the Botanical Garden of Ukrainian National Forestry University is one of the oldest dendrological collections in Lviv. The collection includes 28 age-old trees. Their age exceeds 100 years, biometric indicators are significant, and sanitary state, both for a specified age and taking into account urbogenic growth conditions, is good or satisfactory. Some age-old trees (black walnut, katsura-tree, American witch-hazel) are the oldest species in the West of Ukraine and have the largest biometric indicators. Conclusions. The arboretum of the Botanical Garden of UNFU is a unique heritage of garden and park art of the XIX century. The historical composition of the dendroflora is partially preserved. Among the age-old trees, there are both autochtonic and introduced species. Trees are in a good sanitary state. They are an integral part of the formed phytocoenosis. As an object of observation, they can be used for further research of potential ecological and biological capabilities of species in an urbogenic environment.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Lere Adeyemi

In their introduction to a book entitled: Yorùbá creativity, fiction, language, life, and songs, Falola and Genova (2005) assert that creativity among the ̣ Yorùbá has a long history and the traditions of oral histories, storytelling, performances and dramas are parts of fundamental habit of their civilization. In the pre-colonial era, the authorship of the stories in the folktales and in some poetic genres could not be claimed by any particular artist/artiste, but due to the influence of colonial rule, western literary traditions, among others, storytellers can claim authorship of their works today. The Yorùbá make no distinction between myth, legend and history. They all come under ìtàn (Ogunsina, 1992). One Yorùbá novelist that has distinguished himself in the effective use of ìtàn (story) in novel writing is Adébáyò ̣ Fálétí. He is not only a storyteller, he is a literary historian. Every creative writer in Yorùbá society is admired and judged as competent or otherwise not only by writing in the medium of the language but by having captivating story line and on the basis of his/her use of ‘quality’ Yorùbá language (i.e. language full of proverbs and other rhetoric devices). An average Yorùbá reader of Fálétí’s novels, poetry, plays and viewer of his films usually responds with delight because of his powerful use of Yorùbá language and captivating story lines, plot construct, narrative techniques and thematic contents. Isọ la (1998) classifies all other Yorùbá major novelists apart from Fágúnwà ̣ into three groups on their use of language and creative pedigree (190). According to him, “some are mere story tellers” who use mainly casual language; 154 Lere Adeyemi there are others with mixed styles and there are a few of them who creatively exploit the genius of the language. He identifies Adébáyò ̣ Fálétí among few others as belonging to the genius category. Ogunsina (1992) groups Fálétí as a prominent historical novelist who incorporates historical materials into novel writing. I agree with Ogunsina that Fálétí’s effective transfer of histori ̣ - cal materials into fiction is a revelation of the novel’s eclectic quality and also a manifestation of Fálétí’s creative genius. Fálétí’s love of ìtàn (story) is reflected in all his literary works, be it poetry, play or novel. However, our focus in this study is to examine Adébáyọ̀ ̣ Fálétí as a Yorùbá novelist through his literary lens.


Author(s):  
А. Гасимов

Дореволюционных изданий Хютте (Hütte) – немецкого справочника для инженеров, архитекторов, механиков и студентов, с профессиональным переводом на русский язык, сохранилось крайне мало. Один из раритетов находится в архиве компании Profactor Armaturen GmbH (Профактор Арматурен ГмбХ) и является ее интеллектуальной собственностью. Трехтомный справочник Хютте, выпущенный в Российской империи в 1916–1917 годах, позволяет аналитикам и инженерам предприятия находить и знакомиться с интересными научно-техническими достижениями начала ХХ века. Избранные сведения из справочника адаптируются для подготовки и выпуска серии обзорных исторических материалов с оригинальными иллюстрациями. Нижеприведенный обзор из этой серии адресован специалистам, которые интересуются историей и развитием системы отопления, газо-, паро- и водопроводной арматуры. There are very few pre-revolutionary editions of Hütte, a German reference book for engineers, architects, mechanical engineers and students, with a professional translation into Russian. One of the rarities is in the archives of Profactor Armaturen GmbH as its intellectual property. Hütte three-volume reference book, published in the Russian Empire in 1916–1917, allows analysts and engineers of the enterprise to find and get acquainted with interesting scientific and technical achievements of the early twentieth century. Selected information from the reference book is adapted for the preparation and publication of a series of review historical materials with original illustrations. The following overview from this series is addressed to specialists who are interested in the history and development of the heating system, gas, steam and water fittings.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document