scholarly journals A Study on Weed Flora and Importance Value Index of Weeds in Wheat Crop

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Weed Flora

scholarly journals Field study on weeds incidence in rapeseed (Brassica campestris L.).

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
MT Akhter ◽  
PB Kundu ◽  
NK Paul
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Weed Flora ◽  
Weed Infestation

A survey was conducted to highlight the weed flora infesting rapeseed in the experimental field of Rajshahi University. Frequency (F), density (D), abundance (A), relative frequency (RF), relative density (RD), relative abundance (RA) and importance value index (IVI %) of weeds were calculated in rapeseed field. The objective of the study was to study the weeds and their quantitative characters. Weed infestation was studied in three rapeseed varieties (BARI Sharisha 14, BINA Sharisha 5 and 6). The weed population was studied using quadrat. The species which had 100% frequency values were Cyperus rotundus, Cynodon dactylon, Ammania baccifera, Echinochloa crusgalli and Leucas lavendulifolia. Other species had 50% or less than 50% frequency values. The highest frequency, density, abundance and importance value index were exhibited by Cyperus rotundus. J. bio-sci. 26: 01-06, 2018

DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF WEEDS IN WHEAT CROP GROWN IN DISTRICT KHANEWAL, PUNJAB, PAKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Ghulam Murtaza ◽  
Allah Ditta ◽  
Tamana Bakht ◽  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Weed Infestation

Weed infestation is among the main biotic factors affecting growth and yield of various crops. This issue is more drastic for cereal crops like wheat which is the staple food crop of over 2.5 billion population of the world. One the control strategy is the investigated the distribution pattern of weeds under field conditions. In this regard, a survey study was conducted to investigate the distribution pattern of weed species in wheat crop during 2016-18 in district Khanewal, Punjab Pakistan. Thirty-six weed species distributed among fifteen different families collected from the study area. Family Poaceae was dominant with 10 species while family Asteraceae was the second most dominant family with four weed species. Cynadon dactylon was the most frequently found specie with frequency value 79.1% while Paspalum distichum had the highest importance value index (6.96) among the weeds of the study area.

Studies on Weed Diversity and Phytosociology in Wheat Crop

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
SANJEEV KUMAR ◽  
SHIVANI JAN
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Phalaris Minor

Rice-wheat is the dominant cropping system in Patna district where wheat is generally grown in winter season and a large area is sown by using seed drill machines. The present investigation is based on the study of biodiversity of weeds under zero tilled condition in Patna district of Bihar. The weed inventory surveys and phytosociological studies in wheat fields were conducted during 2016-19 to identify the weed flora composition, density, frequency and Importance value index of 30 major weed species in wheat. In the study, Asteraceae was found as the largest family in respect of weed species whereas Poaceae and Leguminosaefamilystood at the second position in terms of weed species. Phytosociological studies further revealed that Phalaris minor (6.48) and Cynodon dactylon (5.03) have larger relative frequency among other weed species while Chenopodiumalbum(5.18)and Avena fatua(4.44)have larger relative abundance in the study area. Studies on relative density of weeds revealed that densities of Phalaris minor (7.06) and Chenopodium album (5.65) were higher over other weed species and similar trends were also observed in respect of Importance value index of weeds. Therefore, while planning effective weed management strategy, these two weeds (P. minor and C. album) must be focused. The study will provide an appraisal of species through quantitative characters and will allow effective weed management decision.

Struktur Makroalga Pada Ekosistem Lamun Di Kecamatan Tabukan Selatan, Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe, Sulawesi Utara (Structure of Macroalgae in Seagrass Ecosystems at South Tabukan District, Sangihe Islands Regency, North Sulawesi

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Irawaty Mertosono ◽  
Ratna Siahaan ◽  
Pience Maabuat
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Marine Macroalgae ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Land Conversion ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Sea Transportation ◽  
Seagrass Ecosystems ◽  
Biodiversity Decline

Struktur Makroalga Pada Ekosistem Lamun Di Kecamatan Tabukan Selatan, Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe, Sulawesi Utara(Structure of Macroalgae in Seagrass Ecosystems at South TabukanDistrict, Sangihe Islands Regency, North Sulawesi) Irawaty A. Mertosono1), Ratna Siahaan1*) Pience V. Maabuat1)1)Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115*Email korespondensi:[email protected] Diterima  15 Februari 2019, diterima untuk dipublikasi 28 Februari  2019 Abstrak Makroalga laut merupakan tumbuhan laut yang tidak memiliki akar, batang, maupun daun sejati. Kegiatan manusia berupa pemanfaatan makroalga, konversi lahan, dan transportasi laut dapat menjadi penyebab penurunan biodiversitas makroalga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis struktur dan distribusi makroalga pada ekosistem lamun di Kecamatan Tabukan Selatan, Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe, Sulawesi Utara. Lokasi penelitian di tiga stasiun penelitian yaitu Pantai Karurung - Desa Salurang, Pantai Palareng - Desa Palareng dan Pantai Galoghong – Desa Batuwingkung. Penelitian dilakukan pada November-Desember 2018 dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode garis transek (line transect) dengan teknik pencuplikan kuadrat. Makroalga yang ditemukan sebanyak 36 spesies yang terdiri atas 25 spesies Divisi Chlorophyta, sembilan (9) spesies Divisi Rhodophyta dan dua (2) spesies Divisi Phaeophyta. Makroalga Bornetella nitida memiliki Indeks Nilai Penting 39, 24% mendominasi di lokasi penelitian. Keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener (H’) spesies makroalga di Stasiun I (H’:3,02) tergolong tinggi sedangkan pada Stasiun II (H’:2,86)  dan Stasiun III (H’:2,63) tergolong sedang. Secara keseluruhan, keanekaragaman spesies makroalga di Kecamatan Tabukan Selatang tergolong tinggi (H’:3,00). Kata kunci:   struktur makroalga, Pantai Karurung, Pantai Palareng, Pantai Galoghong,Tabukan Selatan Abstract Marine macroalgae are marine plant-like organisms that has no true roots, stems, or leaves. The human ativities of macroalgae utilization, land conversion, and sea transportation can cause of macroalgae biodiversity decline. The purpose of this study was to analyze the structure and distribution of macroalgae in seagrass ecosystems at South Tabukan District, Sangihe Islands Regency, North Sulawesi. The research locations were at three research stations, i.e. Karurung Beach - Salurang Village, Palareng Beach - Palareng Village and Galoghong Beach - Batuwingkung Village. The study was conducted in November-December 2018 with line transect method sampling and quadrate sampling technique. Macroalgae were 36 species consists of 25 species of Chlorophyta Division, nine (9) species of Rhodophyta Division and two (2) species of Phaeophyta Division. Macroalga Bornetella nitida had Importance Value Index 39.24% that dominated research locations. The Shannon-Wiener biodiversity Index (H’) of macroalgae species at Station I (H': 3.02) was classified as high while Station II (H': 2.86) and Station III (H ': 2.63) were moderate. Overall, macroalgae species diversity at Tabukan Selatang District was high (H’: 3.00). Keywords: Macroalgae structure, Macroalgae distribution, Karurung Beach, Palareng Beach, Galoghong Beach, South Tabukan

scholarly journals Changes in Woody Vegetation over 31 Years in Farmed Parkland of the Central Plateau, Burkina Faso

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 470
Author(s):  
Koichi Takenaka ◽  
Kenta Ikazaki ◽  
Saïdou Simporé ◽  
François Kaboré ◽  
Natacha Thiombiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Woody Vegetation ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Central Plateau ◽  
West Region ◽  
Sapling Survival ◽  
Tree Composition ◽  
Insight Into

Farmed parklands of the Central Plateau, Burkina Faso, integrate native woody vegetation with managed cropland. However, sapling survival in the parklands is increasingly threatened. This study characterized woody vegetation abundance along a 2.7 km long transect in the Doulou Basin, Boulkiemdé Province, Central West Region, to assess changes in vegetation composition since 1984. In addition, a householder survey was conducted to gain insight into tree uses and preferences and residents’ knowledge of regulations. In total, 4999 individuals from 26 tree species were recorded, including 123 individuals (11 species) with stem DBH ≥ 5 cm, and 4876 individuals (21 species) with stem DBH < 5 cm. The three species with the highest importance value index provided fruit for sale or self-consumption. Tree abundance was associated with soil type and topography; highest abundance was on Lixisol soils along the lower transect. Soil degradation and preference changes among residents since 1984 may have influenced tree abundance. Certain beneficial species (e.g., Vitellaria paradoxa) have declined in abundance, and certain exotics (Azadirachta indica and Eucalyptus camaldulensis) have expanded in distribution. Respondents expressed strongest interest in three species, including V. paradoxa, that show high versatility. These results supported the recorded tree composition. The respondents generally understood forest conservation regulations. Dissemination of regreening technology and awareness promotion among residents is essential for sustainable tree use in farmed parklands.

scholarly journals Habitat selection of Himalayan Musk Deer Moschus leucogaster (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Moschidae) with respect to biophysical attributes in Annapurna Conservation Area of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 18703-18712
Author(s):  
Bijaya Neupane ◽  
Nar Bahadur Chhetri ◽  
Bijaya Dhami
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Musk Deer ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Preferred Habitat ◽  
Annapurna Conservation Area

Himalayan or White-bellied Musk Deer Moschus leucogaster, an IUCN indexed endangered species, is distributed in isolated pockets in the Himalaya. The deer population is decreasing owing to several pressures that include habitat loss and fragmentation, and poaching. It is essential to identify preferred habitat characteristics to support appropriate management strategies for conserving this endangered species. This study was carried out in the Nysheang basin of Annapurna Conservation Area of Nepal to identify habitats preferred by the musk deer. Habitat field parameters were collected using transect surveys. To analyze vegetation use and availability, nested quadrate plots size 20 m2 were established. Ivlev’s electivity index (IV) (-1 to +1) was employed to determine habitat preference, and one-way ANOVA (F) and chi-square tests (χ2) were used to examine different habitat parameters. Similarly, the importance value index (IVI) of the vegetation was calculated. Our results showed that the Himalayan Musk Deer strongly preferred habitats at 3601–3800 m altitude (IV= 0.3, F= 4.58, P <0.05), with 21–30º slope (IV= 0.2, F= 4.14, P <0.05), 26–50 % crown cover (IV= 0.25, F= 4.45, P <0.05), 26–50 % ground cover (IV= 0.15, F= 4.13, P <0.05), and mixed forest (IV= 0.29, χ2= 28.82, df= 3, p <0.001). Among the trees, Abies spectabilis (IVI= 74.87, IV= 0.035) and Rhododendron arboretum (IVI= 55.41, IV= 0.02) were the most preferred, while Rhododendron lepidotum, Cassiope fastigiata (IV= 0.35) and Berberis aristata (IV= 0.25) were the most preferred shrubs, and Primula denticulata (IV= 0.87) and Primula rotundifolia (IV= 0.31) were the most preferred herbs. These preferred habitat conditions should be maintained and conserved to sustain a viable population of deer in the study area. Further studies will be required to assess the effects of climate change on habitat suitability. 

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS VEGETASI MANGROVE DI DESA DUSUN BESAR KECAMATAN PULAU MAYA KABUPATEN KAYONG UTARA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cici Khairunnisa ◽  
Eddy Thamrin ◽  
Hari Prayogo
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Forest Vegetation ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Mangrove Vegetation ◽  
Vegetation Species

The diversity of mangrove vegetation is a community that has different characteristics from other communities. Diversity is an important component in mangrove management, but so far the availability of data related to mangroves is still very minimal, including those related to the species diversity of mangrove forest vegetation in the region. This study aims to obtain data on species diversity of vegetation found in the mangrove forest area of Dusun Besar Village, Pulau Maya District, Kayong Utara Regency. Method used was a combination of path and plot method, and the determination of the location and research path location were carried out using purposive sampling. The results of observation and data analysis showed that the dominant vegetation species with the highest importance value index (INP) for seedlings, saplings and trees was the Avicennia marina, namely the INP value of seedlings 37.04%, the INP values of sapling 65.24%, and the value of INP a tree rate of 65. Based on the results of the most dominant analysis found the species of  Avicennia marina with a value of C = 0.03430 for seedling, C = 0.04729 for sapling, and C = 0.04736 for tree level. The diversity of mangrove forest vegetation species in Dusun Besar Village for seedlings, saplings and trees is low because it has an H 'value <1, and the abundance of mangrove vegetation species was not evenly distributed in each forest area because it only has an e value <1.Keywords: Dusun Besar Village, Mangrove Forest, Species Diversity

scholarly journals The Species Diversity and Structure of The Limited Production Forest in Arui Watershed of Manokwari District of West Papua, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-288
Author(s):  
Mahmud Mahmud ◽  
Ambar Kusumandari ◽  
Sudarmadji Sudarmadji ◽  
Nunuk Supriyatno
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Forest Conversion ◽  
Vegetation Analysis ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Forestry Sector ◽  
West Papua ◽  
Chisocheton Ceramicus

The detailed causal factors of flood have not been established, whether because of the damage of upper watershed, sedimentation resulting in shallow river, forest conversion, the decrease in abundance and structure or high rainfall. The study aimed at finding out the species diversity and structure of the limited production forest (LPF) from the seedling to the tree stage of Arui watershed in Manokwari district. The species diversity was determined based on Shannon-Wiener index, while vegetation structure was determined based on Importance Value Index. There were totally 92 plots of samples drawn using systematic sampling. The results of vegetation analysis showed that there were 174 species of 43 families with the species diversity of 1.5-1.8 that was categorized as moderate. The four dominant species that were always found in seedling, sapling, pole and tree stages included: Pometia pinnata, Teijsmanniodendron bogoriense, Chisocheton ceramicus, and Horsfieldia irya. The conversion of the LPF into non-forestry sector for the purpose of accelerating development must be reviewed by considering hydrology, land, biodiversity, and social and regional aspects in order to prevent and to reduce flood in the coming days.

scholarly journals Ecological Restoration of Degraded Habitats of Jajang Iron and Manganese Ore Mines, Keonjhar, Odisha, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabindra Kumar Mishra ◽  
Barun Kumar Behera ◽  
Anita Dash ◽  
Bidyut Kumar Patra
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Status ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Species Selection ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Manganese Ore ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Relative Index ◽  
Indigenous Plant ◽  
Iron And Manganese

Mining activities in Jajang iron and manganese ore mines located in Keonjhar district of Odisha, India starting from mineral explorations to production and transport are causing environmental damage in many ways, which includes deforestation, loss of topsoil, accelerated soil erosion, migration of wildlife and avifauna, and addition of air pollutants and dust to the atmosphere. In connection to this, the current study was an attempt to regain the original ecological status of the degraded areas of Jajang iron and manganese ore mines caused due to mining by Rungta Mines Limited. To achieve this indigenous plant species for restoration were selected from mining forests and plantations. Species selection from mining forests was made through systematic phytosociological analysis that involved measurement of Importance Value Index (IVI), regeneration values of tree species and their economic uses. On the other hand, species selection from plantations was made based on their growth, productivity, economic uses and adaptation to terrain and soil types. Shrubs and grasses were selected based on their relative index and abundance, respectively. The top 15 tree and 16 grass species as well as all six shrub species were selected from mining forests and plantations were considered for restoration. The findings of the study may also aids in the faster restoration of degraded habitats with initial human facilitation as the soils of degraded areas were similar to that of the mining forest. To speed up the recovery process after-care and monitoring have also been suggested or advised.

scholarly journals Tree diversity, stand structure and community composition in tropical forest of Rajaji tiger reserve, Northern India

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 945-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akash . ◽  
Navneet . ◽  
B.S. Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Tiger Reserve

In present study, we present data on tree diversity, stand structures and community composition in six sites of tropical forest in Rajaji tiger reserve, Northern India. The enumeration of 72 plots results a total of 19,050 individuals, 47 species, 42 genera, 25 families in which Holoptelia integrifolea, Dalbergia sissoo, Shorea robusta, Cassia fistula and Trewia nudiflora were the species which showed higher importance value index (IVI) in the study area. The stand density of the six sites ranges from 149.99 - 397.91 hac-1 where as the total basal area of trees ranges from 3.612 - 46.813 m2/hac-1. The Shannon diversity index ranged from 1.35 to 2.51, Simpson index ranged from 0.097 - 0.446, Margalef index ranged 2.584 - 4.9, The Evenness index ranged from  0.551 - 0.852 in the study area. Further the studied area has showed ample evidences from indices in supporting the higher floristic diversity and stand structure after providing the present area as a status of tiger reserve.

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