scholarly journals One-stage reconstruction of full-thickness alar defects with a folded nasolabial island flap

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 296-302
Author(s):  
Da Woon Lee ◽  
Hyeong Rae Ryu ◽  
Hwan Jun Choi ◽  
Jun Hyuk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Island Flap ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
One Stage Reconstruction ◽  
Trigeminal Trophic Syndrome ◽  
Two Stages

Background: The reconstruction of large full-thickness alar defects requires complex surgical procedures that are usually performed in two stages, with concomitant disadvantages in terms of patient trauma, surgical risk, and cost. This study presents a functional folded nasolabial island flap (FNIF) that can be used to repair large-sized full-thickness alar defects in a straightforward manner.Methods: This retrospective study included seven patients who received a FNIF for a full-thickness alar defect between January 2007 and December 2020. The FNIF is different from the conventional nasolabial flap in that it is folded and twisted to achieve nostril reconstruction with a satisfactory three-dimensional mucosal lining in a single stage. The cosmetic and functional results of FNIF were evaluated by both patients and physicians.Results: The age ranged from 51 to 82 years (mean, 65.6 years). The causes of the defects were squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, and trigeminal trophic syndrome. The nostril lining did not collapse, there was no hypertrophic scarring, and air movement through the nostrils on the flap side was normal. Overall, FNIF produced excellent aesthetic and functional outcomes, with minimal patient discomfort. There were no postoperative complications.Conclusion: Compared with existing reconstruction methods for large full-thickness alar defects, FNIF can easily achieve aesthetic and functional success in a single-stage procedure. It provides satisfactory results for both the patient and the surgeon.

Effects of stator splitter blades on aerodynamic performance of a single-stage transonic axial compressor

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 7369-7378
Author(s):  
Ky-Quang Pham ◽  
Xuan-Truong Le ◽  
Cong-Truong Dinh
Keyword(s):  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Axial Compressor ◽  
Aerodynamic Performance ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Navier Stokes Equations ◽  
Operating Stability ◽  
Length Coverage

Splitter blades located between stator blades in a single-stage axial compressor were proposed and investigated in this work to find their effects on aerodynamic performance and operating stability. Aerodynamic performance of the compressor was evaluated using three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations using the k-e turbulence model with a scalable wall function. The numerical results for the typical performance parameters without stator splitter blades were validated in comparison with experimental data. The numerical results of a parametric study using four geometric parameters (chord length, coverage angle, height and position) of the stator splitter blades showed that the operational stability of the single-stage axial compressor enhances remarkably using the stator splitter blades. The splitters were effective in suppressing flow separation in the stator domain of the compressor at near-stall condition which affects considerably the aerodynamic performance of the compressor.

Effects of Neoadjuvant Chemio-Radiation Therapy on the Anal Sphincter Function in Patients with Low Rectal Cancers

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-197
Author(s):  
A. B. Baichorov ◽  
A. O. Rasulov
Keyword(s):  
Anal Sphincter ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation ◽  
Chemoradiation Therapy ◽  
Preoperative Treatment ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Anterior Rectal Resection ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of the study was to compare functional results prior to and following neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy.Materials and methods. An analysis of the functional results of a prospective clinical study was carried out. The study included 90 patients who underwent low anterior rectal resection for cancer of the lower or middle ampullar rectum with T1-4aN0-2M0 using various reconstruction methods.Results and discussion. Group A included 22 patients with J-shaped reservoirs; group B — 30 patients with side-to-end anastomoses; group C — 38 patients with end-to-end anastomoses. Out of the total study group (n = 90), 43 patients underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy vs. 47 patients without any preoperative treatment. No statistically significant difference was observed in the frequency of applied reconstructive techniques (р = 0.725) and the incidence of postoperative complications (p = 0.103) in the groups with and without neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. The baseline scores of the Wexner scale and the results of anorectal manometry in the comparison groups were comparable (p > 0.05). However, upon completion of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and during the period from the moment of surgery up to 12 months after the closure of preventive intestinal stomas, the functional results were less satisfactory in the group of patients having received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (n = 43) with regard to the comparison group (n =  47). Nevertheless, a statistically significant difference in the results was observed from the end of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy up to 3 months after closure of the stoma (p <0.05).Conclusions. Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy has a negative effect on the function of the anal sphincter, thus requiring concomitant therapy and physiotherapy both at the stages of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and at long intervals after the main surgical stage. 

scholarly journals Three-dimensional segmentation and depth-encoded visualization of choroidal vasculature using swept-source optical coherence tomography

2021 ◽  
pp. 153537022110285
Author(s):  
Hao Zhou ◽  
Tommaso Bacci ◽  
K Bailey Freund ◽  
Ruikang K Wang
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Choroidal Imaging ◽  
Choroidal Vasculature ◽  
Choroidal Vessels

The choroid provides nutritional support for the retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors. Choroidal dysfunction plays a major role in several of the most important causes of vision loss including age-related macular degeneration, myopic degeneration, and pachychoroid diseases such as central serous chorioretinopathy and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. We describe an imaging technique using depth-resolved swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) that provides full-thickness three-dimensional (3D) visualization of choroidal anatomy including topographical features of individual vessels. Enrolled subjects with different clinical manifestations within the pachychoroid disease spectrum underwent 15 mm × 9 mm volume scans centered on the fovea. A fully automated method segmented the choroidal vessels using their hyporeflective lumens. Binarized choroidal vessels were rendered in a 3D viewer as a vascular network within a choroidal slab. The network of choroidal vessels was color depth-encoded with a reference to the Bruch’s membrane segmentation. Topographical features of the choroidal vasculature were characterized and compared with choroidal imaging obtained with indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) from the same subject. The en face SS-OCT projections of the larger choroid vessels closely resembled to that obtained with ICGA, with the automated SS-OCT approach proving additional depth-encoded 3D information. In 16 eyes with pachychoroid disease, the SS-OCT approach added clinically relevant structural details, including choroidal thickness and vessel depth, which the ICGA studies could not provide. Our technique appears to advance the in vivo visualization of the full-thickness choroid, successfully reveals the topographical features of choroidal vasculature, and shows potential for further quantitative analysis when compared with other choroidal imaging techniques. This improved visualization of choroidal vasculature and its 3D structure should provide an insight into choroid-related disease mechanisms as well as their responses to treatment.

scholarly journals Vibration characteristics of triple-gear-rotor system in compressed air energy storage under variable torque load

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 003685042098705
Author(s):  
Xinran Wang ◽  
Yangli Zhu ◽  
Wen Li ◽  
Dongxu Hu ◽  
Xuehui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Rotor System ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
System Response ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Torque Load ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Two Stages

This paper focuses on the effects of the off-design operation of CAES on the dynamic characteristics of the triple-gear-rotor system. A finite element model of the system is set up with unbalanced excitations, torque load excitations, and backlash which lead to variations of tooth contact status. An experiment is carried out to verify the accuracy of the mathematical model. The results show that when the system is subjected to large-scale torque load lifting at a high rotating speed, it has two stages of relatively strong periodicity when the torque load is light, and of chaotic when the torque load is heavy, with the transition between the two states being relatively quick and violent. The analysis of the three-dimensional acceleration spectrum and the meshing force shows that the variation in the meshing state and the fluctuation of the meshing force is the basic reasons for the variation in the system response with the torque load. In addition, the three rotors in the triple-gear-rotor system studied show a strong similarity in the meshing states and meshing force fluctuations, which result in the similarity in the dynamic responses of the three rotors.

scholarly journals Cinematic rendering of a burst sagittal suture caused by an occipito-frontal gunshot wound

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Gascho ◽  
Michael J. Thali ◽  
Rosa M. Martinez ◽  
Stephan A. Bolliger
Keyword(s):  
Gunshot Wound ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Sagittal Suture ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cinematic Rendering ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain

AbstractThe computed tomography (CT) scan of a 19-year-old man who died from an occipito-frontal gunshot wound presented an impressive radiating fracture line where the entire sagittal suture burst due to the high intracranial pressure that arose from a near-contact shot from a 9 mm bullet fired from a Glock 17 pistol. Photorealistic depictions of the radiating fracture lines along the cranial bones were created using three-dimensional reconstruction methods, such as the novel cinematic rendering technique that simulates the propagation and interaction of light when it passes through volumetric data. Since the brain had collapsed, depiction of soft tissue was insufficient on CT images. An additional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination was performed, which enabled the diagnostic assessment of cerebral injuries.

scholarly journals The Study of Three-Dimensional Fingerprint Recognition in Cultural Heritage

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Dzemila Sero ◽  
Isabelle Garachon ◽  
Erma Hermens ◽  
Robert Van Liere ◽  
Kees Joost Batenburg
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fingerprint Recognition ◽  
Person Identification ◽  
Imaging Technologies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Cultural Systems ◽  
Digital Fingerprint

Fingerprints play a central role in any field where person identification is required. In forensics and biometrics, three-dimensional fingerprint-based imaging technologies, and corresponding recognition methods, have been vastly investigated. In cultural heritage, preliminary studies provide evidence that the three-dimensional impressions left on objects from the past (ancient fingerprints) are of paramount relevance to understand the socio-cultural systems of former societies, to possibly identify a single producer of multiple potteries, and to authenticate the artist of a sculpture. These findings suggest that the study of ancient fingerprints can be further investigated and open new avenues of research. However, the potential for capturing and analyzing ancient fingerprints is still largely unexplored in the context of cultural heritage research. In fact, most of the existing studies have focused on plane fingerprint representations and commercial software for image processing. Our aim is to outline the opportunities and challenges of digital fingerprint recognition in answering a range of questions in cultural heritage research. Therefore, we summarize the fingerprint-based imaging technologies, reconstruction methods, and analyses used in biometrics that could be beneficial to the study of ancient fingerprints in cultural heritage. In addition, we analyze the works conducted on ancient fingerprints from potteries and ceramic/fired clay sculptures. We conclude with a discussion on the open challenges and future works that could initiate novel strategies for ancient fingerprint acquisition, digitization, and processing within the cultural heritage community.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of a Large Anterior Ear Defect after Mohs Micrographic Surgery with a Cartilage Graft and Postauricular Revolving Door Flap

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Stephanie Nemir ◽  
Lindsey Hunter-Ellul ◽  
Vlad Codrea ◽  
Richard Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Revolving Door ◽  
Cartilage Graft ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Mohs Micrographic Surgery ◽  
Micrographic Surgery ◽  
Large Defect ◽  
And Cartilage

A novel postauricular revolving door island flap and cartilage graft combination was employed to correct a large defect on the anterior ear of an 84-year-old man who underwent Mohs micrographic surgery for an antihelical squamous cell carcinoma. The defect measured 4.6 × 2.4 cm and spanned the antihelix, scapha, a small portion of the helix, and a large segment of underlying cartilage, with loss of structural integrity and anterior folding of the ear. The repair involved harvesting 1.5 cm2of exposed cartilage from the scaphoid fossa and then sculpting and suturing it to the remnant of the antihelical cartilage in order to recreate the antihelical crura. The skin of the posterior auricle was then incised just below the helical rim and folded anteriorly to cover the cartilage graft. The flap remained attached by a central subcutaneous pedicle, and an island designed using the full-thickness defect as a stencil template was pulled through the cartilage window anteriorly to resurface the anterior ear. This case demonstrates the use of the revolving door flap for coverage of large central ear defects with loss of cartilaginous support and illustrates how cartilage grafts may be used in combination with the flap to improve ear contour after resection.

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