scholarly journals Les Allemagnes et la division Est-Ouest : Une ambivalence politique

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-559
Author(s):  
Paul Létourneau
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Special Functions ◽  
States Of Affairs ◽  
Concrete Case ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Official Policy ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of

This article is about the role of international bureaucracies in the determination of the general policies of international organizations. In this paper it is argued that in general international organizations' Secretariats generally do wield, considerable power over the definition of the institutions' strategies, i.e. those activities, priorities and projects which taken together make up the program of the institution for a given period. Indeed, the international bureaucrats exercise tremendous control over the content of the program. This is so because international organizations have special functions in the world System. They must see to it that, certain states of affairs prevail in the world over the long run. It is, therefore, no surprise that the programs' content be more or less shielded from conjonctural fluctuations. The article then proceeds to test these hypotheses on a concrete case: the analysis of the processus through which Unesco's program goes before becoming the official policy of the organization.

The Role of Technological Change in the Long-run Global Economy Forecasting

2013 ◽  
pp. 97-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Apokin
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The World ◽  
National Economies

The author compares several quantitative and qualitative approaches to forecasting to find appropriate methods to incorporate technological change in long-range forecasts of the world economy. A?number of long-run forecasts (with horizons over 10 years) for the world economy and national economies is reviewed to outline advantages and drawbacks for different ways to account for technological change. Various approaches based on their sensitivity to data quality and robustness to model misspecifications are compared and recommendations are offered on the choice of appropriate technique in long-run forecasts of the world economy in the presence of technological change.

The Role of Moral Education on the Dress Code in the Higher Learning Institution

Sains Insani ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Ira Meilita Ibrahim ◽  
Taufik A. Latif ◽  
Afi Roshezry Abu Bakar ◽  
Muthualagan Thangavelu
Keyword(s):  
Moral Education ◽  
Private University ◽  
Public University ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Dress Code ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Learning ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of

The advancement of European dress to the rest of the world was linked to the definition of civilization as “a stage of social development considered to be more advanced” and “polite and good-mannered”. The widespread of their fashion style in the 19th and 20th centuries influenced the way the rest of the world attire. The fashion trend and dressing style thus change the purpose of dressing through time. The dressing style in campuses especially in private institutions of higher learning is under particular scrutiny, as it is often said to be inappropriate for a learning environment. This study looked at the importance of moral education, and its role in implementing the dress code for students among university students especially between two types of university i.e. public university and private university. It looked on the dressing style of students, both male and female, and the factors that lead to their dressing pattern which is common among students. This study also advocated the students’ understanding of the content of dress codes in their learning institution and the role played by moral education in regard to dress code. The overall study highlighted students’ perception towards the implementation of the dress code and punishment in their learning institution. The methodologies used to carry out this study are questionnaires and interviews. This study will therefore ascertain the important of dress code among students at higher learning institution and the role of moral education in cultivating values in order to dress properly or decently. Key Words: moral education, dress code, higher learning institution, civilization.

GREEN ECONOMIC MODEL: PREREQUISITES FOR THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Елена Александровна Тарханова
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of

За последние двадцать лет в мире сформировалась концепция «зеленой» экономики, которая соединила в себе комплексную увязку двух ключевых компонентов: экономического и экологического. Такая модель экономики должна способствовать более гармоничному согласованию между этими компонентами, которое было бы уместно для всех государств. В статье изучены предпосылки становления и развития «зеленой» экономической модели. Проведено исследование подходов международных организаций к определению понятия «зеленая» экономика. Over the past twenty years, the concept of a "green" economy has emerged in the world, which combines a complex alignment of two key components: economic and environmental. Such an economic model should contribute to a more harmonious harmonization between these components, which would be appropriate for all groups of countries. The article studies the prerequisites for the formation and development of a "green" economic model. A study of the approaches of national and international organizations to the definition of the concept of "green" economy.

Actual issues of valuation of businesses of the economic entity

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Discount Rate ◽  
Accurate Prediction ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Business Valuation ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of

The article summarizes the main approaches in the definition of business valuation the economic entity. In the process of business valuation, taking into account the risks of financial and economic activities necessary to obtain information on what stage the owner implements the business will receive income. The most difficult task is the impossibility of accurate prediction in determining the level of income and the determination of a discount rate capitalization of future incomes due to the instability of the economy, both in the country and around the world.

Institutions, Models of Capitalism and Inequality in Income Distribution: An Empirical Investigation

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 651-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto Antonelli ◽  
Pinuccia P Calia ◽  
Giovanni Guidetti
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Econometric Evidence ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Statistical Indicators ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract The article analyses the role of institutions in the determination of income inequality in a sample of OECD countries. Basing on the seminal approach by Amable, the article discusses the theoretical definition of model of capitalism. The basic idea is that each model of capitalism is defined by the cobweb of complementary relationships established among different institutions. Using a set of statistical indicators of the operation of institutions in two different years, 1995 and 2010, the empirical analysis points out five models of capitalism and exhibits how their composition has changed in this lapse of 15 years. In the following sections of the article, we investigate the role played by the model of capitalism in the determination of income distribution, measured through a standard Gini index. After controlling for a set of variables, the econometric evidence shows that different models of capitalism present significantly different levels of income inequality.

scholarly journals The role of cognitive style in the formation of a professional discursive personality of journalist N. I. Novikov

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (29) ◽  
pp. 307-315
Author(s):  
Tatyana Aleksandrovna Sidorova ◽  
Elena Revovna Kornienko ◽  
Elvira Nikolaevna Akimova ◽  
Natalya Evgenyevna Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Style ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Knowledge Structures ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
The World ◽  
Interpretative Analysis ◽  
Definition Of

The relevance of the research is due to the growing interest in finding new approaches to describing the discursive personality in General and professional, in particular. The main goal of the research is to identify the features of cognitive style and determine its role in the formation of professional discursive personality of N. I. Novikov as a journalist. The research is carried out within the framework of cognitive-discursive and linguistic paradigms. As the main one, we use an interpretative analysis of the knowledge structures behind the language means of N. I. Novikov's discourse. The paper highlights and interprets the components of the cognitive style of N. I. Novikov's discursive personality in correlation with his language consciousness. The methods of perception of the world by N. I. Novikov's discursive personality, the peculiarities of representation of the world's realities in discourse, and the manner of transmitting information about the world are determined. Personal preferences of a discursive person, as well as cognitive, semiological and motivational ones are revealed. It is proved that the features of N. I. Novikov's professional discursive personality are determined by the specifics of his cognitive style, objectified by cognitive and linguistic mechanisms of discursive activity. A definition of the concept of "cognitive style" is proposed. The components of cognitive style are interpreted as an element of theory for the analysis of a discursive personality. The role of cognitive style in the formation of a professional discursive personality of a journalist of the 18th century is determined.

Brain Death

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupamaa Seshadri ◽  
Ali Salim
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Apnea Test ◽  
Brainstem Reflex ◽  
Practice Parameters ◽  
Confirmatory Tests ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pediatric Populations ◽  
Definition Of

The concept of “brain death” is one that has been controversial over time, requiring the development of clear guidelines to diagnose and give prognoses for patients after devastating neurologic injury. This review discusses the history of the definition of brain death, as well as the most recent guidelines and practice parameters on the determination of brain death in both the adult and pediatric populations. We provide specific and detailed instructions on the various clinical tests required, including the brain death neurologic examination and the apnea test, and discuss pitfalls in the diagnosis of brain death. This review also considers the most recent literature and guidelines as to the role of confirmatory tests making this diagnosis.  Key Words: apnea test, brain death, brainstem reflex, death examination

Meta-Regulation of Private Standards: The Role of Regional and International Organizations in Comparison with the WTO

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Yoshiko Naiki
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Soft Law ◽  
Trade Law ◽  
International Trade Law ◽  
Private Standards ◽  
The World ◽  
One Step

Abstract The rise and proliferation of private standards have been recognized in international trade law, and various concerns have been raised. Existing literature analyses how the World Trade Organization (WTO), particularly the SPS (Sanitary and Phytosanitary) Committee and the TBT (Technical Barriers to Trade) Committee, have responded (or cannot respond) to the proliferation of private standards. This paper goes one step further by focusing specifically on the meta-regulatory function performed by regional and international organizations other than the WTO. This paper sheds light on three types of governance techniques that can serve as meta-regulatory activities in relation to private standards by regional and international organizations: (1) governance by delegation; (2) governance by information; and (3) governance by soft law. This paper analyses features of these governance techniques and considers the relation between these governance techniques and the WTO's approach.

Non sum Oedipus, sed Morus

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-91
Author(s):  
Elisa Bacchi
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Lucian Of Samosata ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract This article aims to investigate the representative strategies of Moriae Encomium by taking into account the link between Erasmus’ Moria and Thomas More’s portrait as it emerges both from the Encomium Moriae and from the Utopia. Specifically, I will focus on the crucial role of Erasmus’ concept of omnium horarum homo as an ethical and aesthetic model applied to the definition of More’s nature. This approach, which explores the intertextual construction of Morus-Moria’s identity, shall allow me to stress the relevance of the metaphor of mundane masking in Erasmus’ Encomium and More’s Utopia. By considering Erasmus and More’s paradoxical combination of Plato, Cicero and Lucian of Samosata, I will show how the image of the world theatre becomes the symbol of Erasmus’ philosophia civilior based on the rhetorical and moral idea of decorum.

The role of measurement in theorising about the world

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-326
Author(s):  
Nicole Holzhauser ◽  
Frank Eggert
Keyword(s):  
Role Theory ◽  
Formal Model ◽  
Measurement Theory ◽  
Heuristic Approach ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Scaling Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Representational Approach

The procedure of establishing a measure of an attribute consists of the assignment of numbers to objects whose attributes show some variability according to rules. These rules are chosen so that the assigned numbers contain some ‘information’ about the differing variants of the attribute. In the article, we discuss a heuristic, a scaling, and a representational approach. Within the heuristic approach, rules can be based on a verbal argument heuristically linking the variability in the attribute to differences in the measurements. In this case, the specific information that is represented by the measurements is very hard to determine due to the lack of a formal model. Within the scaling approach, a formal model is used to derive rules for the assignment of numbers to the variants of the attribute. From a scaling model, conclusions about the specific information assumed to be represented in the measurements can be derived. Both approaches depend on the assumption that there is something to measure, namely that the attribute that is going to be measured exists in a realm different from the numerical one. Within the representational approach, one tries to clarify what conditions must be met by an attribute to be considered measurable so that relations between the measurements can be interpreted as reflecting relations between the variants of the attribute. By specifying the conditions an attribute must meet to be measurable at all, measurement theory opens an alternative way to rules and thus to measurements. Following this approach, it is no longer necessary only to assume that there is some measurable attribute, but one can find out whether this indeed is the case. Moreover, the interdependence of the definition of an attribute and its measurability, as well as the role theory plays in defining certain attributes, can be clarified.

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