scholarly journals TOTAL AND FECAL COLIFORMS CONTAMINATION IN FAUCETS AND FLUSH BOTTOMS IN PUBLIC WASHROOMS SITED IN SHOPPING MALLS OF CURITIBA, STATE OF PARANA, BRAZIL

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (68/69) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaína Capelli Peixoto ◽  
Sérgio Eduardo Fontoura-da-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Fecal Contamination ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Significant Other ◽  
Enterobacter Sakazakii ◽  
Enterobacter Agglomerans ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Providencia Rettgeri ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Serratia Liquefaciens

A study was performed regarding the presence of fecal coliforms in faucets and flush bottoms in public restrooms in 10 shopping malls of Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. The presence of these bacteria shows fecal contamination. Escherichia coli is the prototype of fecal coliforms that was found in 13,1% of the samples, being more common on faucets (21.9%) than on flush bottoms (4.6%), this difference was significant. Other enterobacteria have been found: Enterobacter agglomerans, Enterobacter sakazakii, Klebsiella oxytoca, Providencia alcafaciens, Providencia rettgeri and Serratia liquefaciens. These bacteria do not necessarily indicate fecal contamination. Nonfermentative gram negative bacilli (NFGNB) were found in 25 samples (43,9%), being more common over the flush bottoms (39,5%). The presence of fecal coliforms may indicate imperfection in the hygienic cleaning in these places, compromising the health of its users.

scholarly journals A survey on gram-negative bacteria in saffron finches (Sicalis flaveola) from illegal wildlife trade in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yamê Miniero Davies ◽  
Marta Brito Guimarães ◽  
Liliane Milanelo ◽  
Maria Gabriela Xavier de Oliveira ◽  
Vasco Túlio De Moura Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Illegal Wildlife Trade ◽  
Serratia Liquefaciens

No Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, os pássaros como os canários-da-terra têm sido uma das espécies mais frequentemente resgatadas do tráfico illegal e enviadas aos centros de vida selvagem. Em situações de estresse estas aves podem ser acometidas por infecções causadas por bactérias oportunistas. Este fato é de grande importância quando é planejada da reintrodução das aves na natureza. O presente trabalho foi delineado para avaliar o estado de saúde de canários-da-terra resgatados do tráfico ilegal. Foram colhidas soabes da traqueia e da cloaca de 100 aves resgatadas durante os anos de 2012 e 2013. Os resultados obtidos revelaram alta frequência de bactérias gram-negativas nas fezes e no orofaringe dos animais, com maior frequência para os membros da família Enterobacteriaceae (97,5%). Os gêneros mais frequentes foram Escherichia coli (46,55) e Klebsiella pneumoniae (10,4%). Outros microorganismos incluindo Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia liquefaciens, Serratia spp, Klebsiella oxytoca e Citrobacter freundii também foram isolados em menor frequencia de aves assintomáticas. A presença de estirpes de Escherichia coli enteropagênicas (EPEC) e as produtoras da toxina de Shiga confirmam o risco de zoonose e a importância para saúde pública deste tipo de ave. 

scholarly journals Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of the peel essential oils extracted from citrus fruits

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-123
Author(s):  
Rudwan Badr Al-Deen ◽  
Bassam Aloklah ◽  
Lina Al-Amir
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Negative Bacterium ◽  
Citrus Peel ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Serratia Liquefaciens

Citrus peel is an important source of essential oils (EOs). However, these EOs are not invested, although the annual production of citrus is high in Syria. The current study aimed to investigate chemical composition and antibacterial activity of some citrus peel EOs, namely: lemon (Citrus limon), orange (C. sinensis), grapefruit (C. paradisi), mandarin (C. reticulata) and bitter orange (C. aurantium). Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) (gas chromatograph type: Agilent 7890A, auto sampler type: Agilent 7683B coupled to mass spectrometer, type Agilent 5975C, using DB–1 capillary column. EOs. concentration 1: 10 v/v in chloroform, injection volume 1 µl, split ratio 1: 80), was used to identify the chemical composition of the EOs, which were extracted by hydrodistillation technique, and chemical composition was expressed as Mean ± SD of three replications using SPSS V17 software. Minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) was used to determine the antibacterial activity against five Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus, B. licheniformis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, S. lugdunensis, Enterococcus faecalis) and five Gram negative bacteria (Klebsiella oxytoca, Citrobacter koseri, Serratia liquefaciens, Pseudomonas fluorescens and P. luteola). Limonene formed the vast majority of EOs (between 62.16 and 95.26% in lemon and orange EOs, respectively), but there were other active components, such as α–Pinene and β–Pinene. Lemon EO was the most effective one, with MBC values ranged between 4 μl.ml–1 (against Bacillus cereus) and 50 μl.ml–1 (against Serratia liquefaciens). Pseudomonas luteola (a Gram-negative bacterium) was the most sensitive species to citrus EOs (MBC values ranged between 4 and 50 μl.ml–1 for lemon and orange EOs, respectively); while S. liquefaciens (a Gram-negative bacterium) was the most resistant bacterium (MBC values were 50 and 150 μl.ml–1 for lemon and mandarin EOs, respectively) among all species studied in the current research.

scholarly journals Microbiological and cytological characterization of coelomic fluid from three captive endangered amphibian Gastrotheca species with edema syndrome: Preliminary analysis.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anahí Oleas-Paz ◽  
Ana Cecilia Santamaría-Naranjo ◽  
Maira Rojas-Carrillo ◽  
Andrés Merino-Viteri ◽  
Alexander Genoy-Puerto
Keyword(s):  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Pasteurella Haemolytica ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Coelomic Fluid ◽  
Enterobacter Sakazakii ◽  
Enterobacter Agglomerans ◽  
Edema Fluid ◽  
Enterococcus Spp

Abstract Objective: Edema syndrome is highly prevalent but under researched in captive frogs around the world. The objective of the present study was to characterize at a basic microbiological and cytological level the edema fluid of 20 individuals of the genus Gastrotheca to determine the presence of possible anaerobic and aerobic bacteria. Results: Fourteen types of bacteria were identified in the edema fluid, twelve of them at the species level ( Pasteurella haemolytica , Hafnia alvei , Enterobacter agglomerans , Aeromonas hydrophila , Pseudomonas fluorescens , Burkholderia pseudomallei , Salmonella arizonae , Enterobacter gergoviae , Enterobacter sakazakii , Yersinia enterocolitica , Klebsiella oxytoca, and Klebsiella ozaenae ) and two at the genus level ( Enterococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp.). The most frequently identified cells were lymphocytes (37.7% in females and 46.4% in males), erythrocytes (23.5% in females and 17.5% in males) and neutrophils (4.2% in females and 2.8% in males). Finally, no relationship was found between the data obtained and the sex of the individuals studied.

scholarly journals Isolasi dan identifikasi bakteri aerob yang berpotensi menyebabkan infeksi nosokomial di Irina D RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Windy L. Rengkuan ◽  
Olivia A. Waworuntu ◽  
Standy Soeliongan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Enterobacter Agglomerans ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Serratia Liquefaciens ◽  
Identification Of Bacteria

Abstract: Infection is still one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in the hospital. In Indonesia, infection is a major cause of maternal death and newborn, and also led to an extension of hospitalization for patients. Nosocomial infections are infections suffered by patients that were admitted to the hospital after ± 72 hours of admission originated from microbiological and environmental factors. Germs that cause most frequent nosocomial infections are Proteus sp, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas. This study was aimed to isolate and identify the most common aerobic bacteria that could potentially be the causes of nosocomial infections at IRINA D Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. There were 27 samples consisting of 8 air samples and 19 samples of swab the surface of walls, floors and furniture. Identification of bacteria was performed by using cultures, Gram staining, and biochemical tests. Of the 27 samples 7 types of bacteria are found. Serratia liquefaciens is the largest with 12 samples (44.4%) Basillus subtilis with 7 samples (25.9%), Enterobacter aerogenes in 3 samples (11.1%), Serratia marcescens in 2 samples (7.4%), while Enterobacter agglomerans, staphylococcus sp, coccus Gram negative each in one sample (each of 3.7%). Gram-negative bacteria were the most common bacteria found at IRINA D RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Serratia liquefaciens was the main bacteria considered to be potentially the cause nosocomial infection.Keywords: identification of bacteria, nosocomial infections, inpatient installation Abstrak: Infeksi masih merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian dan kesakitan di rumah sakit. Di Indonesia sendiri infeksi merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian ibu dan bayi baru lahir dan juga menyebabkan perpanjangan masa rawat inap bagi penderita. Infeksi nosokomial merupakan infeksi yang tidak diderita pasien saat masuk ke rumah sakit melainkan setelah ±72 jam berada di tempat tersebut yang berasal dari faktor mikrobiologis dan faktor lingkungan. Kuman penyebab infeksi nosokomial yang paling sering ialah Proteus sp, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi bakteri aerob terbanyak yang berpotensi menjadi penyebab infeksi nosokomial di irina D RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Sampel diambil sebanyak 27 sampel yang terdiri dari 8 sampel udara dan 19 sampel dari swab permukaan dinding, lantai dan perabotan. Untuk identifikasi bakteri dilakukan kultur pada media agar selanjutnya dilakukan pewarnaan Gram dan uji biokimia. Dari 27 sampel ditemukan 7 jenis bakteri. Serratia liquefaciens merupakan bakteri terbanyak dengan 12 sampel (44,4%) Basillus subtilis dengan 7 sampel (25,9%), Enterobacter aerogenes dengan 3 sampel (11,1%), Serratia marcescens dengan 2 sampel (7,4%), sedangkan Enterobacter agglomerans, Staphylococcus sp, coccus Gram (-) masing-masing didapatkan 1 sampel dengan presentase masing-masing 3,7%. Bakteri Gram negatif merupakan bakteri yang paling banyak ditemukan pada instalasi rawat inap D RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Serratia liquefaciens merupakan bakteri yang berpotensi menjadi penyebab infeksi nosokomial terbanyak yang ditemukan.Kata kunci: identifikasi bakteri, infeksi nosokomial, instalasi rawat inap

scholarly journals ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI AEROB YANG DAPAT MENYEBABKAN INFEKSI NOSOKOMIAL DI RUANGAN INSTALASI GIZI BLU RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priska N. Riga ◽  
Velma Buntuan ◽  
Fredine Rares
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Enterobacter Agglomerans ◽  
Vibrio Cholera ◽  
Providencia Rettgeri ◽  
Serratia Liquefaciens ◽  
Providencia Stuartii ◽  
Serratia Rubidaea

Abstract: Kitchen of hospital to be a part or unit of a hospital that is not less important as other services in the hospital , because it provides direct services to patients through the food served by nutritional care . Nosocomial infections are infections that occur during hospitalization where the infection does not exist at the time of admission to the hospital . Infections that occur more than 48 hours after hospital admission . Most infections occur in hospitals is caused by external factors , ie diseases which spread from food and cutlery . Implementation of the food was less qualified health care, in addition to extending the treatment process can also cause cross-infections or nosocomial infections which can be through the cutlery and food . Purpose: To determine the presence of aerobic bacteria that can cause nosocomial infections in the kitchen of BLU Prof. Dr R. D. Kandou Manado .Method: This study was a prospective descriptive study that analyzed 24 samples on cutlery and 6 samples of food in kitchen of BLU Nutrition Dr Prof. Dr R. D. Kandou Manado. Result: From the results of this study were found 11 species of bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis (33,3%), a gram-negative cocci (10%) , Lactobacillus (10%), Enterobacter agglomerans (6,7%), Serratia rubidaea (6,7%), Providencia stuartii (3,3%), Serratia liquefaciens (3,3%), Providencia rettgeri (3,3%), Vibrio cholera (3,3%), Enterobacter cloacae (3,3%), Enterobacter aerogenes (3,3%).Conclusion: The conclusion of this study showed that the most commonly found bacteria was Bacillus subtilis (33,3%).Keywords: nosocomial infection, kitchen of hospital, bacteria.Abstrak: Instalasi gizi menjadi bagian atau unit kerja di rumah sakit yang tidak kalah pentingnya dengan pelayanan lain di rumah sakit, karena memberikan pelayanan langsung kepada pasien melalui makanan yang disajikan oleh asuhan gizi. Infeksi nosokomial adalah infeksi yang terjadi selama perawatan di rumah sakit dimana infeksi tersebut tidak ada pada saat pasien masuk ke rumah sakit. Infeksi yang timbul lebih dari 48 jam setelah masuk rumah sakit. Kebanyakan infeksi yang terjadi di rumah sakit lebih disebabkan oleh faktor eksternal, yaitu penyakit yang penyebarannya ke makanan dan alat makan. Penyelenggaraan makanan yang kurang memenuhi syarat kesehatan, selain memperpanjang proses perawatan juga dapat menyebabkan timbulnya infeksi silang atau infeksi nosokomial yang diantaranya dapat melalui alat makan dan makanan. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui adanya bakteri aerob yang dapat menyebabkan infeksi nosokomial di ruangan Instalasi Gizi BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif prospektif yang dianalisis secara desktriptif pada 24 sampel alat makan dan 6 sampel makanan di ruangan Instalasi Gizi BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Hasil: Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan 11 spesies bakteri yaitu Bacillus subtilis (33,3%), Kokus gram negatif (10%), Lactobacillus (10%), Enterobacter agglomerans (6,7%), Serratia rubidaea (6,7%), Providencia stuartii (3,3%), Serratia liquefaciens (3,3%), Providencia rettgeri (3,3%), Vibrio cholera (3,3%), Enterobacter cloacae (3,3%), Enterobacter aerogenes (3,3%). Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bakteri yang paling banyak ditemukan dalam penelitian ini adalah Bacillus subtilis (33,3%).Kata Kunci: infeksi nosokomial, instalasi gizi, bakteri.

scholarly journals Microbiological and cytological characterization of coelomic fluid from three captive endangered amphibian Gastrotheca species with edema syndrome: preliminary analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anahí Oleas-Paz ◽  
Ana Cecilia Santamaría-Naranjo ◽  
Maira Rojas-Carrillo ◽  
Andrés Merino-Viteri ◽  
Alexander Genoy-Puerto
Keyword(s):  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Pasteurella Haemolytica ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Coelomic Fluid ◽  
Enterobacter Sakazakii ◽  
Enterobacter Agglomerans ◽  
Edema Fluid

Abstract Objective Edema syndrome is highly prevalent but under researched in captive frogs around the world. The objective of the present study was to characterize at a basic microbiological and cytological level of the bacteria of the edema fluid of 20 individuals of the genus Gastrotheca to determine the presence of possible anaerobic and aerobic bacteria. Results Fourteen types of bacteria were identified in the edema fluid, 12 of them at the species level (Pasteurella haemolytica, Hafnia alvei, Enterobacter agglomerans, Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Salmonella arizonae, Enterobacter gergoviae, Enterobacter sakazakii, Yersinia enterocolitica, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Klebsiella ozaenae) and two at the genus level (Enterococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp.). The most frequently identified cells were lymphocytes (37.7% in females and 46.4% in males), erythrocytes (23.5% in females and 17.5% in males) and neutrophils (4.2% in females and 2.8% in males). Finally, no relationship was found between the data obtained and the sex of the individuals studied.

scholarly journals Pola bakteri aerob pada sputum penderita infeksi saluran pernapasan akut di Poliklinik Paru RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oktafin Manggopa ◽  
Standy Soeliongan ◽  
Herriyannis Homenta
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Yersinia Pestis ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Enterobacter Agglomerans ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Serratia Liquefaciens ◽  
Serratia Rubidaea

Abstract: Upper and lower respiratory tract infections are commonly found in the community. This study aimed to determine the pattern of aerobic bacteria in the sputum of acute respiratory infection patients at the Clinic of Lung Diseases Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. This was an experimental laboratory study. There were 20 respondents consisted of 15 males (75%) and 5 females (25%). Bacteria were stained with Gram staining. The results of sputum examination were 12 samples (60%) of Gram-positive bacteria and 8 samples (40%) of Gram-negative bacteria. The Gram-positive bacteria consisted of two species: Bacillus subtillis in 10 samples (50%), and Streptococcus sp in 2 samples (10%). Moreover, the Gram-negative bacteria consisted of 7 species: Enterobacter chloacae in 1 sample (5%), Proteus alcalifaciens in 1 sample (5%), Yersinia pestis in 1 sample (5%), Enterobacter agglomerans in 2 samples (10%), Serratia marcessens in 1 sample (5%), Serratia rubidaea in 1 sample (5%), and Serratia liquefaciens in 1 sample (5%). Conclusion: The most common cause of acute respiratory bacterial infections was Bacillus subtilis. Keywords: acute respiratory disease, aerobic bacteria Abstrak: Infeksi saluran pernapasan atas dan bawah merupakan penyakit yang umum terjadi di masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola bakteri aerob pada sputum penderita infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (ISPA) di Poliklinik Paru RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Jenis penelitian ini eksperimental laboratorium. Terdapat 20 responden yang terdiri dari 15 orang laki-laki (75%) dan 5 orang (25%) perempuan (25%). Untuk identifikasi bakteri dalam sputum digunakan pewarnaan Gram. Hasil pewarnaan Gram yaitu bakteri Gram positif 12 sampel (60%) sedangkan bakteri Gram negatif 8 sampel (40%). Bakteri Gram positif terdiri dari 2 spesies yaitu Bacillus subtillis 10 sampel (50%) dan Streptococcus sp. 2 sampel (10%). Bakteri Gram negatif terdiri dari 7 spesies yaitu Enterobacter chloacae 1 sampel (5%), Proteus alcalifaciens 1 sampel (5%), Yersinia pestis 1 sampel (5%), Enterobacter agglomerans 2 sampel (10%), Serratia marcessens 1 sampel (5%), Serratia rubidaea 1 sampel (5%), dan Serratia liquefaciens 1 sampel (5%). Simpulan: Pada penelitian ini didapatkan bakteri penyebab terbanyak ISPA pada pasien di poliklinik paru ialah Bacillus subtilis. Kata kunci: infeksi saluran napas akut, bakteri aerob

scholarly journals Microbiological and cytological characterization of coelomic fluid from three captive endangered amphibian Gastrotheca species with edema syndrome: Preliminary analysis.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anahí Oleas-Paz ◽  
Ana Cecilia Santamaría-Naranjo ◽  
Maira Rojas-Carrillo ◽  
Andrés Merino-Viteri ◽  
Alexander Genoy-Puerto
Keyword(s):  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Pasteurella Haemolytica ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Coelomic Fluid ◽  
Enterobacter Sakazakii ◽  
Enterobacter Agglomerans ◽  
Edema Fluid ◽  
Enterococcus Spp

Abstract Objective: Edema syndrome is highly prevalent but under researched in captive frogs around the world. The objective of the present study was to characterize at a basic microbiological and cytological level the edema fluid of 20 individuals of the genus Gastrotheca to determine the presence of possible anaerobic and aerobic bacteria. Results: Fourteen types of bacteria were identified in the edema fluid, twelve of them at the species level ( Pasteurella haemolytica , Hafnia alvei , Enterobacter agglomerans , Aeromonas hydrophila , Pseudomonas fluorescens , Burkholderia pseudomallei , Salmonella arizonae , Enterobacter gergoviae , Enterobacter sakazakii , Yersinia enterocolitica , Klebsiella oxytoca, and Klebsiella ozaenae ) and two at the genus level ( Enterococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp.). The most frequently identified cells were lymphocytes (37.7% in females and 46.4% in males), erythrocytes (23.5% in females and 17.5% in males) and neutrophils (4.2% in females and 2.8% in males). Finally, no relationship was found between the data obtained and the sex of the individuals studied.

Антимікробна резистентність провідних збудників інфекцій сечових шляхів у Києві (Україна)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
A.G. Salmanov ◽  
A.V. Rudenko
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Providencia Rettgeri ◽  
E Coli

Мета роботи — вивчити резистентність до антибіотиків бактеріальних збудників інфекцій сечових шляхів (ІСШ), виділених у пацієнтів урологічного стаціонару в м. Києві. Матеріали і методи. Досліджено 1612 штамів бактерій, виділених із сечі хворих з ІСШ (цистит, уретрит, пієлонефрит), госпіталізованих в урологічне відділення ДУ «Інститут урології НАМН України» у м. Києві протягом 2016 р. Серед пацієнтів переважали жінки — 1201 (74,5 %). Вік хворих становив від 17 до 74 років. Для збору даних використано медичну документацію лікарні. Мікробіологічні дослідження виконано у лабораторії мікробіології ДУ «Інститут урології НАМН України». Аналізували результати культурального дослідження зразків сечі, зібраних за наявності клінічних ознак ІСШ. Дослідження клінічного матеріалу та інтерпретацію отриманих результатів проводили загальноприйнятими методами. Вивчено чутливість уропатогенів до 31 антибіотика дискодифузійним методом відповідно до рекомендацій Інституту клінічних та лабораторних стандартів США (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)). Результати та обговорення. Аналіз мікробного спектра сечі виявив домінування серед уропатогенів штамів Escherichia coli (32,0 %), Enterococcus faecalis (19,5 %), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10,9 %), Staphylococcus epidermidis (8,9 %), S. haemolyticus (6,5 %) та Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6,4 %). Частка Enterococcus faecium, Enterobacter aerogenes і Streptococcus viridans становила відповідно 2,5, 2,2 і 1,6 %, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Acinetobacter baumannii, Proteus vulgaris та Providencia rettgeri — менше 1,0 %. У більшості випадків (69,7 %) мікроорганізми виділено у монокультурі, у решті випадків — у мікробних асоціа- ціях. Високу резистентність до тестованих антибіотиків виявили штами E. aerogenes (45,1 %), E. cloacae (45,7 %), E. faecium (40,9 %), E. faecalis (40,7 %), E. coli (39,9 %), P. aeruginosa (34,0 %), K. pneumoniae (28,6 %). Найбільш активними до уропатогенів були іміпенем (E. coli — 87,6 %, P. aeruginosa — 75,7 %, E. cloacae — 67,3 %, E. aerogenes — 72,6 %, K. pneumoniae — 93,2 %), меропенем (E. coli — 89,1 %, P. aeruginosa — 76,7 %, K. pneumoniae — 82,6 %), лефлоцин (E. coli — 74,5 %, ентерококи — 78,7 %, P. aeruginosa — 76,7 %, E. cloacae — 73,9 %, E. aerogenes — 80,4 %, K. pneumoniae — 83,5 %), амоксицилін/клавуланат (ентерококи — 84,6 %), фурагін (ентерококи — 82,6 %), цефоперазон (K. pneumoniae — 89,2 %, P. aeruginosa — 73,8 %), цефтріаксон (K. pneumoniae — 80,1 %). Висновки. Антибіотикорезистентність збудників ІСШ — важлива терапевтична проблема. Найбільшою активністю до уропатогенів характеризуються іміпенем, меропенем, лефлоцин, амоксицилін/ клавуланат, фурагін, цефоперазон, цефтріаксон, які можна розглядати як препарат вибору для призначення стартової терапії ІСШ. Необхідно здійснювати постійний моніторинг за резистентністю до дії антибіотиків. Політику використання антибіотиків у кожному стаціонарі слід визначати залежно від локальних даних щодо резистентності до протимікробних препаратів.

Isolation of Enterobacter sakazakii from Stable Flies, Stomoxys calcitrans L. (Diptera: Muscidae)†

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. MRAMBA ◽  
A. BROCE ◽  
L. ZUREK
Keyword(s):  
16S Rdna ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Stomoxys Calcitrans ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Stable Fly ◽  
Enterobacter Sakazakii ◽  
Stable Flies ◽  
16S Rdna Pcr ◽  
Glucose Agar

Enterobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic foodborne pathogen that causes meningitis, enterocolitis, and sepsis, primarily in immunocompromised infants. Previously, it was suggested that stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans, were a vector or reservoir of this pathogen. In our study, by means of a culturing approach combined with 16S rDNA PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyping and sequencing, we screened 928 individual stable flies collected in Kansas and Florida. Two stable flies (0.2%) were positive for E. sakazakii. In addition, 411 (44%) stable flies carried bacteria-forming red colonies (presumably enterics) on a violet red bile glucose agar (mean count = 6.4 × 104 CFU per fly), and 120 (13%) stable flies carried fecal coliforms (mean count = 8.7 × 103 CFU per fly). Sequencing of 16S rDNA showed that enterics from violet red bile glucose agar were represented by several genera, including Escherichia, Shigella, Providencia, Enterobacter, Pantoea, Proteus, Serratia, and Morganella. Our study shows that stable flies carry bacteria typically present in animal manure (a developmental site of stable fly larvae), which indicates that the natural reservoir of E. sakazakii is the digestive tract or manure of domestic animals. The low prevalence of E. sakazakii associated with stable flies suggests that stable flies do not play a major role as a reservoir or vector of this pathogen.

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