Constructing the threat of terrorism in Western Europe and the European Union: a genealogy

2016 ◽  
pp. 56-84
Author(s):  
Christopher Baker-Beall
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
The European Union

Polen: Flüchtlingsnotstand – aber wo sind die Flüchtlinge?

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (140) ◽  
pp. 379-392
Author(s):  
Helmut Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Asylum Policy ◽  
The Face ◽  
Emergency Measures

Poland accepted the alien and asylum policy of the European Union. But what does it mean, in the face of the fact that most of the refugees don´t want to sojourn a lot of time in Poland, but want to join their families or friends in Western Europe? How the transfer of policies does work, if the local conditions are quite different than in Germany or France? The answer seems to be the dramatization of the refugee situation in Poland, especially the adoption of emergency measures towards refugees of Chechnya.

Russia in the XXI century: a request for a new economic policy

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Khasbulatov
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
The European Union ◽  
New Economic Policy ◽  
The World ◽  
Economic Position

The author examines Russia’s economic position in the world in the XXI century, China’s economic and political infl uence on other countries, and analyzes the economy of the European Union, classifi es the experience of Western Europe as the most successful, while taking into account miscalculations and mistakes.

Remaking Education in Western Europe

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Jones
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Education Systems ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Post War ◽  
Important Objective

This article makes a contribution to discussion on the neo-liberal reshaping of education in Western Europe. It argues for a greater attentiveness on the part of education researchers to collective social actors such as trade unions and social movements. Making use of concepts from Gramsci and from Poulantzas, it suggests that such actors had a formative role in the making of post-war education systems, and that reducing their influence is now an important objective of governments across the European Union. Focusing on educational conflict in England, France and Italy, it explores the extent to which traditions associated with post-war reform continue to possess political vitality.

Making Europe—Processes of Europe-Formation since 1945

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 235-256
Author(s):  
Dennis Smith
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
National Society ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National State ◽  
Civilizing Process ◽  
Norbert Elias

Dennis Smith argues that the development of the European polity that has become the European Union has been shaped by social processes similar in many respects to those analysed by Norbert Elias in The Court Society and The Civilizing Process. However, these processes have occurred at the supra-state level whereas Elias described them as they occurred at the level of the developing national state, especially during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. During the 1940s and 1950s the United States played a key role in pacifying the European nations and imposing a framework of rules for the conduct of their economic and diplomatic affairs. States in western Europe were increasingly locked into tight bonds of interdependence. This movement towards integration was complemented by the disembedding of regions and large businesses from their close ties to the national state; they became ‘Europeanised’. Brussels became Europe's Versailles, a place where the courtier's skills were employed by the lobbyist. It is suggested that just as France represented, in Elias's eyes, a vanguard society within Europe in respect of the civilising process at the level of the national society, the European Union may play such a role globally in respect of developments at the supra-state level.

Goodness Is Elsewhere: The Rule of European Difference

2006 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
József BöRöcz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Aime Cesaire ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Longue Duree ◽  
Longue Durée ◽  
European Colonialism

Reflecting on European colonialism in 1950—at a time when discussions about what we now know as the European Union emerged in western Europe—Aimé Césaire wrote, “… Europe is morally, spiritually indefensible.”2 This idea is fairly commonplace in much of the post-colonial world and it has some purchase within certain academic and intellectual circles elsewhere. And yet, in the process of denouncing the widely noted3 presence of racism in Hungary, thirty-six leading Hungarian intellectuals have, in a recent public document, felt compelled to thank France, and through France, a generic, trans-historical notion of “Europe,” for what they saw as the latter's profound, longue-durée goodness.

PP106 Twenty Years Of Orphan Medicines Regulation: Have Treatments Reached Patients In Need Across Europe And Canada?

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (S1) ◽  
pp. 19-19
Author(s):  
Nadine Henderson ◽  
Phill O'Neill ◽  
Martina Garau
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Marketing Authorization ◽  
European Medicines Agency ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Public ◽  
Orphan Medicinal Products ◽  
Medicines Regulation ◽  
Canadian Provinces

IntroductionThe European Union regulation for orphan medicinal products (OMPs) was introduced to improve the quality of treatments for patients with rare conditions. To mark 20 years of European Union OMP regulation, this study compared access to OMPs and the length of their reimbursement process in a set of European countries and Canadian provinces. Access refers to their full or partial reimbursement by the public health service.MethodsData were collated on European Medicines Agency orphan designation and marketing authorizations, health technology assessment (HTA) decisions and reimbursement decisions, and the respective dates of these events for all the OMPs centrally authorized in 14 European countries (Belgium, England, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Scotland, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland) and four Canadian provinces (Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, and Quebec).ResultsSince the implementation of the OMPs Regulation in 2000, 215 OMPs obtained marketing authorization. We found that Germany had the highest level of coverage, with 91 percent of OMPs being reimbursed. The three countries with the lowest reimbursement rates were Poland, Hungary, and Norway (below 30%). We observed that Germany had the quickest time to reimbursement following marketing authorization, followed by Switzerland and Scotland. We observed that Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia consistently had the longest time to reimbursement.ConclusionsWe observed substantial variation in the levels and speed of national reimbursement of OMPs, particularly when comparing countries in Eastern and Western Europe, which suggests that an equity gap between the regions may be present. The data also indicated a trend toward faster times to reimbursement over the past 10 years.

Bat Ye’or and Eurabia

2019 ◽  
pp. 170-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sindre Bangstad
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Middle East ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Radical Right ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Far Right ◽  
The Us ◽  
Muslim Majority

This chapter discusses the life and work of Bat Ye’or (Gisèle Littman), who is widely seen as the doyenne of “Eurabia”-literature. This comes in different varieties and formulations, but in Bat Ye’or’s rendering refers to an ongoing secretive conspiracy which involves both the European Union and Muslim-majority countries in North Africa and the Middle East, aimed at establishing Muslim control over a future Europe or “Eurabia.” Though Bat Ye’or did not coin the term “Eurabia,” she can be credited with having popularized the concept through quasi-academic titles such as Eurabia: The Euro-Arab Axis and Europe, Globalization and the Coming Universal Caliphate. Through its dissemination on various “counter-jihadist” websites and in the work of the Norwegian counter-jihadist blogger Fjordman, her work inspired the Norwegian terrorist Anders Behring Breivik. She also has long-standing relations with Serbian ultranationalists, the Israeli Far Right, and various radical Right activists in Western Europe and the US.

160°

Sacred Sea ◽  
2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Thomson
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Social Contract ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Human Presence ◽  
Open Land ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland ◽  
As If

If you missed the fences and the swath of open land in the woods that mark the border, you can’t help but notice that you’ve finally left Russia because the human presence beyond the windows of the train is no longer disheveled. Finland shares a long history of tension with its huge and powerful neighbor to the east, but I wonder if having to share such a long border with Russia galls the Finns most of all because everything in their country is so orderly, while everything in Russia is such a mess. The immediate difference crossing between these two countries may well be more stark than between any two others on the planet. We are out of Russia and into suddenly more familiar and comforting territory, and James and I are suddenly giddy and joking about everything— about how the damn Finns have a ridiculous word like Hei for hello instead of the far simpler Russian Zdravstvuite, about how the Finns must long for a life without lawn mowers, a social contract, and more than one color of paint, about how surprised we are that the Finns and the European Union allow Russian trains to use their filthy open toilets within their territory but have perhaps granted a special temporary exemption to trains originating in SDCs—shit-dumping countries. . . . Russia recedes beyond the Gulf of Finland, beyond the lovely decompression chamber of Helsinki, beyond the soothingly smooth and comfortable trains and beds of Western Europe and all its polite people who almost always seem to speak English, and with every passing hour and kilometer we are at once more relaxed and more glad to be rid of the place and more and more sorry that we are not still there. Russia grabs hold of you tight, and if it often feels as if it’s choking the life out of you and making you want to flee, its suffocating embrace is also powerfully seductive. If it often seems to be going to extraordinary lengths to make itself infuriating and impenetrable—almost challenging you just to give up on it and turn your attention elsewhere—it also makes it impossible for you to turn away, and ultimately makes the whole exhausting and exhilarating encounter worth it.

scholarly journals Shooting for Lithuania: Migration, National Identity and Men’s Basketball in the East of England

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam B. Evans ◽  
David Piggott
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Men's Basketball ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Significant Attention

The accession of the ‘A8 states’ into the European Union initiated considerable migration into Western Europe. The impact upon local communities has seen significant attention, yet little research exists that focuses upon migrant experiences and identity specifically in sport. This study used a figurational framework to investigate the lived experiences of basketball among male Lithuanian migrants in the rural east of England. Semistructured interviews highlighted participants’ motivations to migrate, their acculturation experiences and the role that basketball played during their sojourn. Participants considered basketball a significant means for the expression of national identity and as a focus for their resistance to local racializing processes. Conversely, conflict with established local basketball communities and perceptions of marginalization among migrants were common, creating divisions in local basketball competitions.

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