Developing modern leprosy politics, 1900–1950

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Snelders
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Colonial State ◽  
High Modernism ◽  
The One

This chapter discusses 20th-century leprosy politics in Suriname in the context of a modernizing colonial state and in an era of ‘authoritarian high modernism’. Modern leprosy politics were a Janus head. On the one side, the politics were based on the latest developments and fashion in medical views on leprosy: sufferers should be treated as patients, not as criminals; medical treatment in asylums and in outpatient clinics should be encouraged; and a humane organization of life in the asylums should be promoted. However, unlike in other colonies, the idea of compulsory segregation was never abandoned. Sufferers with non-European backgrounds, especially the Afro-Surinamese and the British Indians, were still stigmatized and seen as unwilling or unable to cooperate. They had to be forced into segregation. On the other side of the Janus head, policies of surveillance, detection, and compulsory segregation were therefore intensified. A new edict of 1929 inaugurated a renewed era of increased detection and segregation of sufferers. By the 1940s, the colonial state claimed that leprosy was finally under control. However, this claim is doubtful.

‘Only travelling itself’: reflections on Luigi Nono (1924–1990)

Tempo ◽  
1991 ◽  
pp. 2-5
Author(s):  
John Warnaby
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Radical Politics ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
General Lack ◽  
High Modernism ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The One

The death of Luigi Nono in May 1990 has occasioned surprisingly little comment, at least as far as this country is concerned. On the one hand, this may reflect a general lack of interest in the period of high modernism during the 1950s and early 1960s; and an assumption that, unlike his contemporaries, Nono failed to adapt his idiom when the influence of the avant-garde began to wane. On the other, it may be a symptom of British insularity, especially as regards artists who acquire a subversive reputation through their association with radical politics. Indications are that the latter explanation is more accurate. Three new recordings, emanating from foreign sources, prove decisively that Nono modified his compositional methods quite substantially throughout his career.

Tati, suburbia and modernity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm Turvey
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Conspicuous Consumption ◽  
Shared Values ◽  
The Other ◽  
Set Design ◽  
Audience Response ◽  
High Modernism ◽  
Suburban Development ◽  
Post War ◽  
The One

The author reconsiders the commonly held notion that Jacques Tati’s Mon Oncle (1958) adumbrates a negative ‘critique’ of modern suburbia as a space of alienation. The functions given to architectural forms or elements of landscaping on the one hand can be distinguished from the comic uses of these forms onscreen on the other, for instance to satirise bourgeois habits or to reaffirm the prerogatives of childlike creative engagement with the built environment. The director strikes a balance between the mockery of conspicuous consumption and the enchantment of an unruly, unpredictable object world. Attention is paid the narrative of post-war French suburban development, the thunderous reception of Mon Oncle, and the peculiar approach that Tati and chief decorator Jacques Lagrange took to set design and the Arpel villa in particular, which overtly parodies interwar French high modernism. The villa’s stark opposition to the eponymous character’s ramshackle rooming house in suburban St. Maur allows Tati to elicit a specific audience response to shared values of spontaneity and disorder that modernizing tendencies in post-war France were in the process of destroying.

scholarly journals Lo sguardo oltre…un percorso avviato in ASL TO4 per il trattamento delle lesioni cutanee croniche/Looking beyond...a path started in ASL TO4 for the treatment of chronic skin lesions

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romina Corgiat-Loia ◽  
Lucia Pavignano ◽  
Marcella Vargiu ◽  
Laura Perono Minino ◽  
Giovanna Capace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Lesions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Corporate Network ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
Chronic Skin ◽  
The One

Le lesioni cutanee croniche (LCC) sono una problematica diffusa che impatta fortemente sulla vita delle persone colpite, ma se vengono gestite da gruppi multiprofessionali dedicati alla vulnologia l’assistenza viene ottimizzata e gli esiti clinici migliorano. Nell’ASL TO4, azienda sanitaria piemontese, è stato formalizzato con delibera del Direttore Generale un gruppo di esperti vulnologi denominato Rete Aziendale per il trattamento delle lesioni cutanee croniche il cui principale obiettivo è uniformare i percorsi diagnostici-assistenziali nell’Asl TO4 su prevenzione e cura delle LCC. Nel 2016 l’attività svolta dal gruppo negli ospedali e nei distretti attraverso le consulenze vulnologiche da un lato e con le prestazioni erogate negli ambulatori dall’altro ha preso in carico 504 pazienti; nello stesso periodo il team ha ideato e gestito 4 corsi di formazione su prevenzione e cura delle lesioni da decubito rivolto a dipendenti e Medici di Medicina Generale operanti sul territorio dell’ASL TO4. Chronic skin lesions (CKL) are a widespread problem that has a strong impact on the lives of affected people, but if they are managed by multi-professional groups dedicated to vulnology, care for them is optimized and clinical outcomes improve. In the ASL TO4, a Piedmontese health company, a group of expert volnologists called 'the Corporate Network for the treatment of chronic skin lesions' was formalized by resolution of the General Manager, whose main objective is to standardize the diagnostic-assistance pathways in the ASL TO4 on prevention and treatment of CKLs. In 2016 the activity carried out by the group in hospitals and districts through vulnological consultations on the one hand and with the services provided in outpatient clinics on the other has taken care of 504 patients; in the same period the team has designed and managed 4 training courses on prevention and treatment of bedsores injuries aimed at employees and General Practitioners operating on the ASL TO4 territory.

THE BEARERS OF NEWS: PRINT AND POWER IN GERMAN EAST AFRICA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Fabian Krautwald
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
The Other ◽  
Government Schools ◽  
Colonial State ◽  
Reading And Writing ◽  
Arabic Script ◽  
Colonial Archive ◽  
German East Africa ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One

Abstract Historians have drawn on newspapers to illuminate the origins of modern nationalism and cultures of literacy. The case of Kiongozi (The Guide or The Leader) relates this scholarship to Tanzania's colonial past. Published between 1904 and 1916 by the government of what was then German East Africa, the paper played an ambivalent role. On the one hand, by promoting the shift from Swahili written in Arabic script (ajami) to Latinized Swahili, it became the mouthpiece of an African elite trained in government schools. By reading and writing for Kiongozi, these waletaji wa habari (bearers of news) spread Swahili inland and transformed coastal culture. On the other hand, the paper served the power of the colonial state by mediating between German colonizers and their indigenous subordinates. Beyond cooptation, Kiongozi highlights the warped nature of African voices in the colonial archive, questioning claims about print's impact on nationalism and new forms of selfhood.

Neoliberalism, Laissez-Faire Capitalism and Economic Crisis: The Political Economy of Deindustrialisation in Hong Kong

2000 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Wai-Chung Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
The Other ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Colonial State ◽  
Laissez Faire ◽  
The One

The search for an “institutional fix” to enable national and sub-national economies to survive global competition and change has attracted some attention from analysts of regional development and global political economy in recent years. Tracing the historical processes of industrialisation in Hong Kong prior to its reversion to China in July 1997, this paper aims to provide some empirical support for the contention that neoliberalism is a major contributor to the recent economic crisis of deindustrialisation in Hong Kong. In particular, this paper examines three areas in which the laissez-faire colonial state in Hong Kong has failed to provide the necessary institutional support for industrialisation: (1) quota restrictions; (2) technological upgrading and (3) outward investment Such a failure has resulted in the progressive decline of Hong Kong's industrial sector and the lagging performance of Hong Kong's manufacturing industries vis-à-vis counterparts in the other three Asian newly industrialised economies. On the one hand, the Hong Kong government has ceded its power to local big businesses whose financial and commercial interests are more faithfully represented in various political decision bodies. On the other hand, Hong Kong's industrial sector has faced serious competitive pressures from global economic change and concomitant industrial restructuring. The long term survival of the industrial sector in Hong Kong, to a large extent, rests on the role of a proactive state and its institutional capacities.

scholarly journals Lechebnaia pedagogika: The Concept and Practice of Therapy in Russian Defectology, c. 1880–1936

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-90
Author(s):  
Andy Byford
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Special Needs ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
The Other ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The One ◽  
Hybrid Forms ◽  
A Performance

Therapy is not simply a domain or form of medical practice, but also a metaphor for and a performance of medicine, of its functions and status, of its distinctive mode of action upon the world. This article examines medical treatment or therapy (in Russianlechenie), as concept and practice, in what came to be known in Russia as defectology (defektologiia) – the discipline and occupation concerned with the study and care of children with developmental pathologies, disabilities and special needs. Defectology formed an impure, occupationally ambiguous, therapeutic field, which emerged between different types of expertise in the niche populated by children considered ‘difficult to cure’, ‘difficult to teach’, and ‘difficult to discipline’. The article follows the multiple genealogy of defectological therapeutics in the medical, pedagogical and juridical domains, across the late tsarist and early Soviet eras. It argues that the distinctiveness of defectological therapeutics emerged from the tensions between its biomedical, sociopedagogical and moral-juridical framings, resulting in ambiguous hybrid forms, in which medical treatment strategically interlaced with education or upbringing, on the one hand, and moral correction, on the other.

Hope for Cure and the Placebo Effect: The Case of the Greco-Egyptian Iatromagical Formularies

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 254-284
Author(s):  
Panagiota Sarischouli
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Placebo Effect ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Complementary Treatment ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Healing Rituals ◽  
Roman Egypt ◽  
The One

Abstract The present paper focuses on healing rituals from Greco-Roman Egypt, where medicine and religion were inextricably linked to each other and further connected to the art of magic. In Pharaonic Egypt, healing magic was especially attributed to the priests who served a fearsome goddess named Sekhmet; although Sekhmet was associated with war and retribution, she was also believed to be able to avert plague and cure disease. It then comes as no surprise that the majority of healing spells or other types of iatromagical papyri dating from the Roman period are written in Demotic, following a long tradition of ancient Egyptian curative magic. The extant healing rituals written in Greek also show substantial Egyptian influence in both methodological structure and motifs, thus confirming the widely accepted assumption that many features of Greco-Egyptian magic were actually inherited from their ancient antecedents. What is particularly interesting about these texts is that, in many cases, they contain magical rites combined with basic elements of real medical treatment. Obviously, magic was not simply expected to serve as a substitute for medical cure, but was rather seen as a complementary treatment in order to balance the effect of fear, on the one hand, and the flame of hope, on the other.

Note on Selection of Coordinate Systems for Geodynamics

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 395-407
Author(s):  
S. Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Mean Sea Level ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Static Systems ◽  
Selection Of

The first question to be answered, in seeking coordinate systems for geodynamics, is: what is geodynamics? The answer is, of course, that geodynamics is that part of geophysics which is concerned with movements of the Earth, as opposed to geostatics which is the physics of the stationary Earth. But as far as we know, there is no stationary Earth – epur sic monere. So geodynamics is actually coextensive with geophysics, and coordinate systems suitable for the one should be suitable for the other. At the present time, there are not many coordinate systems, if any, that can be identified with a static Earth. Certainly the only coordinate of aeronomic (atmospheric) interest is the height, and this is usually either as geodynamic height or as pressure. In oceanology, the most important coordinate is depth, and this, like heights in the atmosphere, is expressed as metric depth from mean sea level, as geodynamic depth, or as pressure. Only for the earth do we find “static” systems in use, ana even here there is real question as to whether the systems are dynamic or static. So it would seem that our answer to the question, of what kind, of coordinate systems are we seeking, must be that we are looking for the same systems as are used in geophysics, and these systems are dynamic in nature already – that is, their definition involvestime.

Stories and the Self

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Krause ◽  
Markus Appel
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Contrast Effects ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Abstract. Two experiments examined the influence of stories on recipients’ self-perceptions. Extending prior theory and research, our focus was on assimilation effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in line with a protagonist’s traits) as well as on contrast effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in contrast to a protagonist’s traits). In Experiment 1 ( N = 113), implicit and explicit conscientiousness were assessed after participants read a story about either a diligent or a negligent student. Moderation analyses showed that highly transported participants and participants with lower counterarguing scores assimilate the depicted traits of a story protagonist, as indicated by explicit, self-reported conscientiousness ratings. Participants, who were more critical toward a story (i.e., higher counterarguing) and with a lower degree of transportation, showed contrast effects. In Experiment 2 ( N = 103), we manipulated transportation and counterarguing, but we could not identify an effect on participants’ self-ascribed level of conscientiousness. A mini meta-analysis across both experiments revealed significant positive overall associations between transportation and counterarguing on the one hand and story-consistent self-reported conscientiousness on the other hand.

Radioimmunotherapy for treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndrome

2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (03) ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
R. G. Meyer ◽  
W. Herr ◽  
A. Helisch ◽  
P. Bartenstein ◽  
I. Buchmann
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Primary Tumour ◽  
The Other ◽  
Haematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Primary Reduction ◽  
The One ◽  
Acute Myeloid

SummaryThe prognosis of patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) has improved considerably by introduction of aggressive consolidation chemotherapy and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). Nevertheless, only 20-30% of patients with AML achieve long-term diseasefree survival after SCT. The most common cause of treatment failure is relapse. Additionally, mortality rates are significantly increased by therapy-related causes such as toxicity of chemotherapy and complications of SCT. Including radioimmunotherapies in the treatment of AML and myelodyplastic syndrome (MDS) allows for the achievement of a pronounced antileukaemic effect for the reduction of relapse rates on the one hand. On the other hand, no increase of acute toxicity and later complications should be induced. These effects are important for the primary reduction of tumour cells as well as for the myeloablative conditioning before SCT.This paper provides a systematic and critical review of the currently used radionuclides and immunoconjugates for the treatment of AML and MDS and summarizes the literature on primary tumour cell reductive radioimmunotherapies on the one hand and conditioning radioimmunotherapies before SCT on the other hand.

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