scholarly journals Wheat Yield and Weedness under Different Rate of Nitrogen Fertilization

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 497
Author(s):  
Desimir Knežević ◽  
Dimitrije Marković ◽  
Sretenka Marković ◽  
Danijela Kondić
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Convolvulus Arvensis ◽  
N Application ◽  
Polygonum Aviculare ◽  
Polygonum Convolvulus ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Control Variant

In this study we tested yield and weediness in wheat cultivars Lazarica and Julija Mono grown under different regime of mineral nutrition. This investigation was conducted at the long term experiment on control variant (without fertilizers), second variant with nitrogen application (two sub variants with different rate of N) 2N1 (80 kg N ha-1) and 2N2 (120 kg N ha-1), third variant with NP fertilizer with two different rate of N application: 3N1 (80 kg N ha-1 + 100kg P ha-1) and 3N2 (120 kg N ha-1 + 100kg P ha-1) and fourth variant 4N1 (80 kg N ha-1 + 60kg P ha-1) and 4N2 (120 kg N ha-1 + 60kg P ha-1). Weediness varies in dependence of rate and variant of fertilization. The weed species Consolida regalis Gray, Convolvulus arvensis L., Polygonum aviculare L., Cirsium arvense L., Agropyrum repens L., Polygonum convolvulus L. was dominant on fertilized plots. The analyzed variability of grain yield depends of applied fertilizer variants. The lowest grain yield was found on control variant in both wheat cultivar Lazatica (1880kg ha-1), Julija Mono (1740kg ha-1) while the highest grain yield on variant 3N2 (120 kg N ha-1 + 100kg P ha-1) Lazarica (3724kg ha-1 Julija Mono (4990kg ha-1) and low weediness.

scholarly journals Influence of Previous Crop on Durum Wheat Yield and Yield Stability in a Long-term Experiment

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Stelluti ◽  
Angelo Caliandro ◽  
Anna Maria Stellacci
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Previous Crop ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Long Term Experiment

scholarly journals Crop Rotation Compared with Continuous Rye Cropping for Weed Biodiversity and Rye Yield. A Case Study of a Long-Term Experiment in Poland

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jastrzębska ◽  
Kostrzewska ◽  
Marks ◽  
Jastrzębski ◽  
Treder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Effect On Yield

In recent years, sustainable agriculture has revitalized interest in crop rotations and their effects on crop performance and agroecosystem biodiversity, including weeds. This article used winter rye as an example and focused on the crop rotation (CR) impact on species, taxonomic and functional diversity of weed communities and analysed the contribution of crop rotation to protecting yield and regulating weed abundance. Long-term continuous rye cropping (CC) provided a background for comparison. Two variants of plant protection were also adopted: herbicide application (H+) and no plant protection (H−). The data from the 10th, 30th and 50th years of the experiment were included in the analysis. Diversified crop rotation with no chemical protection resulted in a satisfactory rye yield and reduced weed abundance—especially problem species—without a decrease in weed species diversity or functional diversity. When rye was grown under crop rotation, the herbicide application had no effect on yield protection, but it was harmful to weed biodiversity. The rye yield correlated negatively with weed biomass, but did not show a link with weed biodiversity. Continuation of long-term experiments as a research basis for contemporary and future scientific challenges is necessary.

RESULT OF HERBICIDES APPLIED AGAINST OF WEEDS IN SOYBEAN FIELD

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
O Ariunaa ◽  
M Otgonsuren
Keyword(s):  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Convolvulus Arvensis ◽  
Couch Grass ◽  
Soybean Field ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Polygonum Convolvulus ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Field Bindweed

Herbicides, if used properly, are safe and effective in controlling weeds in soybean. The choice of herbicide, however, depends on the predominant weed species and the availability of the herbicide. Chemical control is currently the most widely used control for soybean crops, due to its ease of control and to the small areas planted in Mongolia. In the soybean field the 15species of weeds belonging to 9 families, 12 genus including 62.5 % annual, 37.5%perennial weeds are distributed.The major grassy weeds; Common millet-(Panicummiliaceum L), Couch grass-(Agropyronrepens L), Bristlegrass-(Seteriaviridis L) sp and broadleaved weeds Redroot Pigweed-(Amaranthtusretro flexus),lambs guarters-(Chenopodium album), AristateGoosfoot-(Chenopodiumaristatum L), Black bindweed-(Polygonum convolvulus), Mallow weed-(Malvamochileviensis Down), Field bindweed-(Convolvulus arvensis), Bristhly thistle-(Cirsiumsetosum ), Dwarf bifurcate cinquefoil -(Potentillabifurca), Perennial Sowthisle-(Sonchusarvensis L) weeds have been distributed in the soybean field.In soybean field the Forward herbicide were applied in doses of 1.0-1.2l/ha have reduced the number of weeds by 90.1-91.6%, weight by 59.5-66.1% and super herbicide Gallantsuper applied in doses of 0.45-0.65l/ha have reduced the number of weeds by 91.0-95.0%, weight by 39.5-59.8% while Cobra herbicide applied in doses of 0.45-0.55l/ha used in broadleaved weed distributed field, have reduced the number of weeds by 90.2-94.6% and weight by 42.7-50.7%. The herbicide application increased of yield hectare by 3.6-9.0 center.Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.13(2) 2014: 76-79

Weed Community Composition after 26 Years of Fertilization of Late Rice

Weed Science ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Nie ◽  
Li C. Yin ◽  
Yu L. Liao ◽  
Sheng X. Zheng ◽  
Jian Xie
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
N Application ◽  
Available N ◽  
Straw Return ◽  
Late Rice

To assess the influence of long-term fertilization on weed communities of early and late rice crops, the weed species composition was investigated in experimental plots initiated in 1981 at the Key Field Experimental Monitoring Station of the Reddish Paddy Soil Eco-Environment in Wangcheng, China. The treatments were (1) a control (CK), no fertilizer; (2) N–P, no K; (3) N–K, no P; (4) P–K, no N; (5) N–P–K; (6) N–P–K + Ca, N, P, and K plus lime; (7) N–P + S, N and P plus additional rice straw return; (8) N–P–K + S, N, P, and K plus additional rice straw; (9) N–K + M, N and K plus swine manure. The results indicated that weed flora composition and density were influenced by the different fertilization treatments. Multivariate analyses indicated that changes in the weed community composition were primarily due to soil-available N, followed by light intensity on the field surface, and soil-available P. More weed species and total weed density were observed in the control and P–K plots than in plots in which N, P, and K were applied together. Omission of N application had a greater effect on the weed community than the omission of P or K applications. Nutrients derived from synthetic fertilizers and organic manure or the additional application of lime had no obvious effect on the weed community of late rice crops.

Long-term comparison of rock phosphate with superphosphate on crop yield in two cereal-legume rotations

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Choudhary ◽  
L. D. Bailey ◽  
T. R. Peck ◽  
L. E. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Annual Rate ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
N Application ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Glycine Max L

Monocropping and long-term use of highly water soluble commercial fertilizers may reduce crop yields and contaminate surface and ground water. A long-term experiment compared the effectiveness of rock phosphate (RP) with superphosphate (SP) on crop yields, soil tests, and leaf nutrient concentrations in two rotations with or without addition of N or lime in a strip-block design with phosphate as vertical factor and N or lime as horizontal factor applied over P treatments. Crops in rotation A (1952–1967) included oats (Avena sativa L.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), corn (Zea mays L.) 1st yr and corn 2nd yr while crops in rotation B (1968–1983) included corn and soybean (Glycine max L.). Phosphate application as single source, RP and SP in combination, and RP with elemental sulphur ranged from 0 to 40 kg P ha−1 yr−1. In rotation A, RP was applied once every 8 yr at eight times the annual rate; in rotation B it was applied at half the annual rate of rotation A. The SP was applied annually in both rotations. In both rotations, P treatments significantly increased crop yields. In rotation A, crop yields on RP treatments were similar to those on corresponding SP treatments except for oats. Similarly, yields of crops grown with RP alone were similar to those obtained with a mixture of RP with SP or S. But corn grown after alfalfa did not respond to N application nor did crop yields respond to lime application. In rotation B, at low lime, corn and soybean yields were similar on RP treatments to those on corresponding SP treatments, but at high lime, yields were significantly lower with RP than corresponding SP treatments. Further, crop yields on mixture of RP and SP were similar to yields with RP alone, and the RP and S combination produced lower soybean yields and similar corn yields than RP alone. In this long-term cropping sequence study, on acidic soil RP was equally as effective as SP in supplying P to crops. Key words: Rock phosphate, superphosphate, legumes, lime, nitrogen

Increases in wheat yield on limed soil after reduction of take-all by fungicide application and crop rotation

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
DR Coventry ◽  
HD Brooke ◽  
JF Kollmorgen ◽  
DJ Ballinger
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
Limed Soil ◽  
Take All

The severity of take-all, caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, was measured with lime, rotation and flutriafol treatments in a long-term field experiment. The incidence of eyespot lesions caused by Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides was also measured. Flutriafol reduced the number of plants with deadheads or no heads and resulted in 12-60% more grain yield. However flutriafol had no effect on the number of plants with eyespot lesions. The number of plants with deadheads or no heads was highest (50-53%) on the wheat which was a third consecutive crop and on soil which had been amended with 2.5 and 5.0 t/ha lime. Sowing wheat after a subterranean clover based pasture considerably reduced the number of deadheads. Control of annual grasses in the pasture by spray-topping further reduced deadheads and with this treatment and at nil and low lime there were 2-7% deadheads. The percentage of plants with eyespot lesions was higher with the continuous cropped wheat. Lime increased grain yield only where the disease incidence was low but had no effect on the percentage of eyespot lesions. This work demonstrates the importance of crop rotation for disease control, particularly where soils are limed to amend severe soil acidity; the value of controlling annual grasses in pasture in the year preceding wheat cropping; and the potential of fungicide treatment as a practical means for controlling take-all in field grown wheat.

Maize grain yield responses to plant height variability resulting from crop rotation and tillage system in a long-term experiment

2010 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Boomsma ◽  
Judith B. Santini ◽  
Terry D. West ◽  
Jason C. Brewer ◽  
Lauren M. McIntyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
Yield Responses

scholarly journals Effect of Long-Term Nitrogen Addition on Wheat Yield, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Residual Soil Nitrate in a Semiarid Area of the Loess Plateau of China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aixia Xu ◽  
Lingling Li ◽  
Junhong Xie ◽  
Xingzheng Wang ◽  
Jeffrey A. Coulter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
N Application ◽  
Use Efficiency

Nitrogen (N) fertilizer plays an important role in wheat yield, but N application rates vary greatly, and there is a lack of data to quantify the residual effects of N fertilization on soil N availability. A 17-yr experiment was conducted in a semiarid area of the Loess Plateau of China to assess the effects of N fertilization on spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield, N uptake, N utilization efficiency, and residual soil nitrate. Treatments included a non-N-fertilized control and annual application of 52.5, 105.0, 157.5, and 210.0 kg N ha−1 in the first two years (2003 and 2004). In the third year (2005), the four main plots with N fertilizer application were split. In one subplot, N fertilization was continued as mentioned previously, while in the other subplot, N fertilization was stopped. The concentration of NO3-N in the 0–110 cm depth soil layers was significantly affected by N application, with higher N rates associated with greater soil NO3-N concentration. With the annual application of N over 17 years, residual soil NO3-N concentration in the 100–200 cm soil layer in the last study year was significantly greater than that in the non-N-fertilized control and was increased with rate of N application. There was a significant positive relationship of soil NO3-N in the 0–50 cm and 50–110 cm soil layers at wheat sowing with wheat grain N content and yield. Wheat grain yield in the third year (2005) was significantly, i.e., 22.57–59.53%, greater than the unfertilized treatment after the N application was stopped. Nitrogen use efficiency decreased in response to each increment of added N fertilizer, and was directly related to N harvest index and grain yield. Therefore, greater utilization of residual soil N through appropriate N fertilizer rates could enhance nitrogen use efficiency while reducing the cost of crop production and risk of N losses to the environment. For these concerns, optimum N fertilizer application rate for spring wheat in semiarid Loess Plateau is about 105 kg N ha−1, which is below the threshold value of 170 kg N ha−1 per year as defined by most EU countries.

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