scholarly journals Density and distribution patterns of the endangered species Pinna nobilis within the harbour bay of Favignana (Egadi Islands MPA)

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo D'agostaro ◽  
Renato Chemello ◽  
Stefano Donati
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Ecosystem Engineer ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Shell Height ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Marine Bivalve ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Minimum Width ◽  
Harbour Area

The fan shell P. nobilis (Linnaeus, 1758) is the largest marine bivalve in the Mediterranean Sea which acts as ecosystem engineer, offering an adequate substratum to several associated benthic species. P. nobilis is threatened by the reduction and loss of its natural habitat and by increased anthropogenic inputs into coastal waters. The knowledge on the population of this species are scarce, especially as concerns Sicily and its coasts. This study focused on the density of population, spatial distribution, level of burial and orientation of the population of P. nobilis in the harbour area of Favignana island (western coast of Sicily, Italy). The fan shell surveys were carried out by SCUBA diving using a 50m-transect line perpendicular to the coastline. For each P. nobilis censused, maximum (W) width, minimum width (w) and unburied length (UL) were measured; shell orientation (Or) was determined using an underwater compass and considering the magnitude of the angle formed by the vector and the magnetic north. The specimen status (dead or alive), the depth (by using the electronic depth meter of a diving computer) were recorded. In addition, the geographical coordinates were marked for each individual along the transect by means of a Global Positioning System (GPS). Total shell height (HT) was estimated using a formula considered suitable for the populations of this studied area. The density of P. nobilis was ±11 ind. 100m2, the total height (HT) and the maximum width (W) of the shells was 33 cm and 13,6 cm respectively. In the aim of the "MPA of Egadi Islands" to confirm the need of a new management to protect the biodiversity of the harbour area, more conservation measures are necessary in order to improve the preservation of this endangered species.

scholarly journals Density and distribution patterns of the endangered species Pinna nobilis within the harbour bay of Favignana (Egadi Islands MPA)

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo D'agostaro ◽  
Stefano Donati ◽  
Renato Chemello
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Ecosystem Engineer ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Shell Height ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Marine Bivalve ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Minimum Width ◽  
Harbour Area

The fan shell P. nobilis (Linnaeus, 1758) is the largest marine bivalve in the Mediterranean Sea which acts as ecosystem engineer, offering an adequate substratum to several associated benthic species. P. nobilis is threatened by the reduction and loss of its natural habitat and by increased anthropogenic inputs into coastal waters. The knowledge on the population of this species are scarce, especially as concerns Sicily and its coasts. This study focused on the density of population, spatial distribution, level of burial and orientation of the population of P. nobilis in the harbour area of Favignana island (western coast of Sicily, Italy). The fan shell surveys were carried out by SCUBA diving using a 50m-transect line perpendicular to the coastline. For each P. nobilis censused, maximum (W) width, minimum width (w) and unburied length (UL) were measured; shell orientation (Or) was determined using an underwater compass and considering the magnitude of the angle formed by the vector and the magnetic north. The specimen status (dead or alive), the depth (by using the electronic depth meter of a diving computer) were recorded. In addition, the geographical coordinates were marked for each individual along the transect by means of a Global Positioning System (GPS). Total shell height (HT) was estimated using a formula considered suitable for the populations of this studied area. The density of P. nobilis was ±11 ind. 100m2, the total height (HT) and the maximum width (W) of the shells was 33 cm and 13,6 cm respectively. In the aim of the "MPA of Egadi Islands" to confirm the need of a new management to protect the biodiversity of the harbour area, more conservation measures are necessary in order to improve the preservation of this endangered species.

scholarly journals Density and distribution patterns of the endangered species Pinna nobilis within the harbour bay of Favignana (Egadi Islands MPA)

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo D'agostaro ◽  
Stefano Donati ◽  
Renato Chemello
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Ecosystem Engineer ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Shell Height ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Marine Bivalve ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Minimum Width ◽  
Harbour Area

The fan shell P. nobilis (Linnaeus, 1758) is the largest marine bivalve in the Mediterranean Sea which acts as ecosystem engineer, offering an adequate substratum to several associated benthic species. P. nobilis is threatened by the reduction and loss of its natural habitat and by increased anthropogenic inputs into coastal waters. The knowledge on the population of this species are scarce, especially as concerns Sicily and its coasts. This study focused on the density of population, spatial distribution, level of burial and orientation of the population of P. nobilis in the harbour area of Favignana island (western coast of Sicily, Italy). The fan shell surveys were carried out by SCUBA diving using a 50m-transect line perpendicular to the coastline. For each P. nobilis censused, maximum (W) width, minimum width (w) and unburied length (UL) were measured; shell orientation (Or) was determined using an underwater compass and considering the magnitude of the angle formed by the vector and the magnetic north. The specimen status (dead or alive), the depth (by using the electronic depth meter of a diving computer) were recorded. In addition, the geographical coordinates were marked for each individual along the transect by means of a Global Positioning System (GPS). Total shell height (HT) was estimated using a formula considered suitable for the populations of this studied area. The density of P. nobilis was ±11 ind. 100m2, the total height (HT) and the maximum width (W) of the shells was 33 cm and 13,6 cm respectively. In the aim of the "MPA of Egadi Islands" to confirm the need of a new management to protect the biodiversity of the harbour area, more conservation measures are necessary in order to improve the preservation of this endangered species.

scholarly journals The Oral Bacterial Community in Melanophryniscus admirabilis (Admirable Red-Belly Toads): Implications for Conservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Michele Bertoni Mann ◽  
Janira Prichula ◽  
Ícaro Maia Santos de Castro ◽  
Juliana Mello Severo ◽  
Michelle Abadie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Personal Genome ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
Anthropogenic Environment

Melanophryniscus admirabilis (admirable red-belly toad) is a microendemic and critically endangered species found exclusively along 700 m of the Forqueta River, in a fragment of the Atlantic Forest of southern Brazil. One of the greatest concerns regarding the conservation of this species is the extensive use of pesticides in areas surrounding their natural habitat. In recent years, the adaptation and persistence of animal species in human-impacted environments have been associated with microbiota. Therefore, the present study aimed to characterize the oral bacterial community of wild M. admirabilis and to address the question of how this community might contribute to this toad’s adaptation in the anthropogenic environment as well as its general metabolic capabilities. A total of 11 oral samples collected from wild M. admirabilis were characterized and analyzed via high-throughput sequencing. Fragments of the 16S rRNA variable region 4 (V4) were amplified, and sequencing was conducted using an Ion Personal Genome Machine (PGM) System with 316 chips. A total of 181,350 sequences were obtained, resulting in 16 phyla, 34 classes, 39 orders, and 77 families. Proteobacteria dominated (53%) the oral microbiota of toads, followed by Firmicutes (18%), Bacteroidetes (17%), and Actinobacteria (5%). No significant differences in microbial community profile from among the samples were reported, which suggests that the low dietary diversity observed in this population may directly influence the bacterial composition. Inferences of microbiome function were performed using PICRUSt2 software. Important pathways (e.g., xenobiotic degradation pathways for pesticides and aromatic phenolic compounds) were detected, which suggests that the bacterial communities may serve important roles in M. admirabilis health and survival in the anthropogenic environment. Overall, our results have important implications for the conservation and management of this microendemic and critically endangered species.

scholarly journals Breeding ecology and success of a reintroduced population of the endangered Crested Ibis Nipponia nippon

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIAOPING YU ◽  
XIA LI ◽  
ZHIPING HUO
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Breeding Ecology ◽  
Active Nest ◽  
Nipponia Nippon ◽  
Crested Ibis ◽  
South Slope ◽  
Reintroduced Population ◽  
Elaphe Carinata

SummaryReintroduction projects usually attempt to re-establish a self-sustaining population of endangered species within their historical ranges through the release of captive-bred individuals into the wild. We studied the breeding biology and nesting success of a reintroduced population of Crested Ibis Nipponia nippon in Ningshan County on the south slope of the Qinling Mountains of Shaannxi Province, China. From May 2007 to October 2011, 56 captive-bred individuals, composed of 26 females and 30 males, were released into the area and monitored using radio-telemetry. The average age of individuals at release was 5.2 ± 2.5 years for females and 6.4 ± 2.9 years for males. Mean clutch size was 3.14±1.06 (range 1-5). Mean number of fledglings per active nest was 1.57 ± 1.03 and mean number of fledglings per successful nest was 2.00 ± 0.87. Most of the fledglings survived to complete their post-fledging dispersal. Mean annual survival rate was 0.552 ± 0.064 for all released birds, 0.815 ± 0.054 for breeders, and 0.515 ± 0.058 for first year fledglings. The average number of young produced/year/pair was 1.57 ± 1.03 and the growth rate (λ) of the reintroduced population was 1.2193. We confirmed that starvation and predation by King Rat Snake Elaphe carinata were the main causes of death of released individuals, nestlings and fledglings. This is the first attempt to reintroduce captive-bred Crested Ibis to former natural habitat. The ability of captive-bred ibis to survive and breed successfully bodes well for future releases of this and other endangered species.

Genomic characteristics of critically endangered Chimonobambusa hirtinoda C.S. Chao & K.M. Lan

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Tengfei Shen ◽  
Youmiao Zheng ◽  
Zimou Sun ◽  
Meng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Gc Content ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
Ecological Conservation ◽  
Repeat Rate

With its unique square-shaped culm, Chimonobambusa hirtinoda C.S. Chao & K.M. Lan is a critically endangered species, and its natural habitat is solely restricted to Doupeng Mountain in Guizhou, China. Two small-insert libraries from C. hirtinoda were constructed and sequenced. Approximately 127.83 Gb of highquality reads were generated and assembled into 9,320,997 contigs with a N50 length of 213bp, thereby producing 8,867,344 scaffolds with total length of 2.01 Gb. An estimated genome size of C. hirtinode was 2.86 Gb on the basis of k-mer frequency analysis, with the GC content of 45.40%. The repeat rate and heterozygous ratio were 74.11 and 1.48% in C. hirtinoda genome, respectively. Finally, 65,398 SSR loci were identified in the assembled contigs, including 58.66% tri-nucleotide, 27.42% di-nucleotide, 7.94% tetranucleotide, 3.67% penta-nucleotide, and 2.31% hexa-nucleotide. Results of this study are useful not only for ecological conservation of C. hirtinoda, but also for phylogenetic studies.

FRESHWATER GASTROPODA FROM ARGENTINA: SPECIES RICHNESS, DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS, AND AN EVALUATION OF ENDANGERED SPECIES

Malacologia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Rumi ◽  
Diego E. Gutiérrez Gregoric ◽  
Verónica Núñez ◽  
Inés I. César ◽  
M. Andrea Roche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Distribution Patterns

scholarly journals A new species of the genus Lycodon (Serpentes, Colubridae) from Guangxi, China

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 954 ◽  
pp. 85-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
Shuo Qi ◽  
Zhi-Tong Lyu ◽  
Zhao-Chi Zeng ◽  
Ying-Yong Wang
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Minimum Width ◽  
Statistical Support ◽  
Brownish Black ◽  
Significant Genetic Divergence ◽  
A New Species

A new species of colubrid snake, Lycodon cathayasp. nov., is described based on two adult male specimens collected from Huaping Nature Reserve, Guangxi, southern China. In a phylogenetic analyses, the new species is shown to be a sister taxon to the clade composed of L. futsingensis and L. namdongensis with low statistical support, and can be distinguished from all known congeners by the significant genetic divergence in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene fragment (p-distance ≥ 7.9%), and morphologically by the following combination of characters: (1) dorsal scales in 17–17–15 rows, smooth throughout; (2) supralabials eight, third to fifth in contact with eye, infralabials nine; (3) ventral scales 199–200 (plus two preventral scales), subcaudals 78; (4) loreal single, elongated, in contact with eye or not, not in contact with internasals; (5) a single preocular not in contact with frontal, supraocular in contact with prefrontal, two postoculars; (6) maxillary teeth 10 (4+2+2+2); (7) two anterior temporals, three posterior temporals; (8) precloacal plate entire; (9) ground color from head to tail brownish black, with 31–35 dusty rose bands on body trunk, 13–16 on tail; (10) bands in 1–2 vertebral scales broad in minimum width; (11) bands separate ground color into brownish black ellipse patches arranged in a row along the top of body and tail; (12) elliptical patches in 3–6 scales of the vertebral row in maximum width; (13) ventral surface of body with wide brownish black strip, margined with a pair of continuous narrow greyish white ventrolateral lines. With the description of the new species, 64 congeners are currently known in the genus Lycodon, with 16 species occurring in China.

MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF OLECRANON PROCESS AND TROCHLEA OF HUMERUS IN ADULT POPULATION OF TELANGANA REGION.

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-14
Author(s):  
G. Madhavi ◽  
T. Prasuna ◽  
V. Janaki
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Minimum Length ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Minimum Width ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Olecranon Process ◽  
Mean Width ◽  
Telangana State ◽  
Age And Sex

Introduction: Morphometric study of Olecranon process and Trochlea of humerus in Adult population of Telangana region. Materials And Methods: The study was done on 120 dry Adult Humerus of unknown age and sex collected from the Department of Anatomy, Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal, Telangana state. Results: Maximum width of Right and Left Olecranon process of humerus were 30mm and 34 mm respectively while the minimum width of olecranon process of humerus were 22mm on right and 24mm on left side. Mean width of olecranon process of humerus were 26 mm on right side, 29 mm on left side . Maximum length of Right and Left Olecranon process of humerus were 20mm and 20 mm respectively while the minimum length of olecranon process of humerus were 15mm onright and 16 on left side. Mean length of Olecranon process of humerus were 17.5 mm on right side, 18 mm on left side . Maximum width of right and left Trochlear process of humerus were 30mm and 30 mm respectively while the minimum width of width of right and left trochlear process of humerus were 18mm onright and 22 on left side. Mean width distance of trochlea of humerus were 24 mm on right side, 26 mm on left side. Conclusion: The knowledge of Morphometric study of Olecranon process and Trochlea of humerus is important for anatomists, It is also helpful for orthopaedic surgeons in distal end fracture of humerus and its reconstructive surgery for various implants.

A new species and key to all known species of Confusacris Yin & Li, 1987 (Orthoptera: Acrididae) from China

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4555 (4) ◽  
pp. 595
Author(s):  
LI-LI JI ◽  
YONG-CHAO ZHI ◽  
XIN-JIANG LI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Hind Femur ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Minimum Width ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the genus Confusacris Yin & Li, 1987, namely i.e. Confusacris shanxiensis sp. nov. is described in this paper from Shanxi province of China. The new species is similar to Confusacris brachypterus Yin & Li, 1987 but differs from the latter by tegmen of male extending over middle of hind femur distinctly, maximum width of cubital vein area 1.5 times median vein area, furculae large, epiphallus without acute projection on both sides and length of interspace of mesosternum1.6 times minimum width in female. A key to known species of the genus Confusacris Yin & Li, 1987 is given in this paper. The type specimens are deposited in the College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China. 

scholarly journals Protection alone may not promote natural recovery of biogenic habitats of high biodiversity damaged by mobile fishing gears

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose M. Fariñas-Franco ◽  
A. Louise Allcock ◽  
Dai Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Keystone Species ◽  
Marine Bivalve ◽  
Natural Recovery ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Fishing Gears ◽  
Horse Mussel

The horse mussel Modiolus modiolus (L.) is a large marine bivalve that aggregates to create complex habitats of high biodiversity. As a keystone species, M. modiolus is of great importance for the functioning of marine benthic ecosystems, forming biogenic habitats used to designate Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). The present study investigates the condition of M. modiolus beds historically subjected to intense scallop fishing using mobile fishing gears. The study, conducted seven years after the introduction of legislation banning all forms of fishing, aimed to establish whether natural habitat recovery occurs after protection measures are put in place. Lower biodiversity and up to 80% decline in densities of M. modiolus were recorded across the current dis- tributional range of the species in Strangford Lough, Northern Ireland. The decline in biodiversity in most areas surveyed was consistent with that observed in biogenic reefs impacted by mobile fishing gears elsewhere. Epifauna, including sponges, hydroids and tunicates, experienced the most substantial decline in biodiversity, with up to 64% fewer taxa recorded in 2010 compared with 2003. Higher variability in community composition and a shift towards faunal assemblages dominated by opportunistic infaunal species typical of softer substrata were also detected. Based on these observations we suggest that, for biogenic habitats, the designation of MPAs and the introduction of fishing bans alone may not be sufficient to reverse or halt the negative effects caused by past anthropogenic impacts. Direct intervention, including habitat restoration based on translocation of native keystone species, should be considered as part of management strategies for MPAs which host similar biogenic reef habitats where condition and natural recovery have been compromised.

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