Analysis And Prevention of Pb Metal Content Suspended In Belawan Waters

The study of Pb in suspended solid and dissolved in the Belawan Port Waters was conducted on June until November 2021. Analysis of Pb content in suspended solid was mesured at Laboratory of Environmental Health and Disease Control Engineering Center (BTKLPP) in North Sumatra Province. Pb content in suspended solid at high tide ranged from <0,02-0,06 mg/l and at low tide ranged from 0,02-0,065 mg/l. The content of dissolved Pb at high tide ranged from 0,210-0,651 mg/l and at low tide ranged from 0,288-0,750 mg/l. Content of Pb in the waters of Belawan Port has passed quality standard of the Minister of Environment of Republic Indonesia that means the Harbour area is polluted and improper for drinking water as well as for fish cultivation.

Dari Sejarah Menuju Pengembangan Pariwisata Berkelanjutan: Studi Kasus Kampung Wisata Pancer

Indonesia has made tourism as the leading sector in economy. This has prompted many regions to compete to develop their tourism potential, including Kota Serang - Banten by launching Kampung Wisata Pancer. Kampung Pancer is closely related to the history of the Karangantu Harbour area, which was an international port during the Banten Kingdom era. Not many studies have discussed about the development of sustainable tourism in the Banten region. This article aims to show the progress of tourism in Banten today. Its development has allowed tourism to stand on its own feet. This study is based on an overview of secondary sources and observations and personal interviews with several informants and tourism experts. The results of this study showed that the tourism development efforts in Kampung Wisata Pancer are not in accordance with the concept of sustainable tourism development. Keywords: Tourism Village, Community Based Tourism, Sustainable Tourism Development

Hydrogeological modelling to support urban planning in harbour areas: A case study from Horsens, Denmark

Historically, industries were in harbour areas of cities for easy access to transportation of resources. Today, transforming former industrial areas into living spaces has become attractive business. However, this transformation has often been challenged by high levels of soil contamination caused by the industrial use. Remediation measures are mandatory to ensure the public safety in the redeveloped areas. Detailed information about the contaminant type, distribution and transport mechanisms is required to address the contamination issues. This paper presents a workflow for investigations assisting decision making for construction work in redeveloped industrial areas. The workflow is applied to Horsens harbour (Denmark). In this area, renovation of the harbour walls introduces the risk of spreading of phenol contamination to planned construction areas. The study demonstrates how detailed information about the geology and hydrology at the site allows for scenario modelling of contaminant transport, guiding remediation efforts and aiding decision makers in developing the harbour area.

Synthetic 3D Recording of a Shipwreck Embedded in Seafloor Sediments: Distinguishing Internal Details

3D recording of shipwrecks completely buried in seafloor sediments has great potential as an important aspect of maritime archaeological surveys and management. Buried shipwrecks have been recorded directly with seismic 3D Chirp sub-bottom profilers on an experimental basis. This method is, however, expensive, time-consuming and complicated. This article outlines the application of a faster, cheaper, and less complicated method of synthetic 3D recording, which is also less sensitive to weather conditions. It involves the acquisition of a larger number of seismic 2D high-resolution sub-bottom profiles in a dense grid that does not need to be regular. The method is based on the results of survey work conducted in the Akko Harbour area, on the Carmel coast of Israel, which shows that the shape of the hull of a shipwreck can be precisely determined, and that the sedimentary units bounding it can be outlined and interpreted. Based on an interpretation of the shape of the hull, the depth of the structure was measured, and a 3D image of the shipwreck was subsequently generated. Samples of the sub-seafloor were obtained across the area, and the sample located within the area of the mapped shipwreck was found to contain wood fragments and a piece of rope. This article demonstrates that 2D surveying is a viable and cost-effective alternative to 3D surveying that is able to produce good results.

Environmental Degradation in Indian Ocean

Indian Ocean is the third largest ocean in the world spanning over an area of 73,556,000 Square. kilometers, that covers three continents, Africa, Asia, and Australia. Pakistan is an emerging strategic and geopolitical significant state of the South Asia; it has 1046 kilometers of coastline across the Arabian Sea, a region of Northern Indian Ocean. The country’s largest province ‘Baluchistan’ possesses 800 kilometers of coastline, whereas remaining 246 kilometers is in ‘Sindh’ province. The level of marine pollution is extremely high in Karachi, an economic hub and populous port city of the Sindh. The Karachi Port harbour area is full of toxic pollutants until they are evaporated or settle down at the bottom. The objective of this paper is to highlight the dilemma of marine pollution in Pakistan's coastline especially in the port city of Karachi. The study is aimed to provide remedial measures to preserve endanger rare marine species of Pakistan’s territorial waters. The paper will also provide an empirical and theoretical overview of coastal governance in Pakistan.

Modelling of underwater noise emissions by ships in Klaipėda Strait, Lithuania

One of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals regarding “conservation and sustainable use of the oceans, seas, and marine resources” emphasizes the urgency of eliminating harmful effects on the sea and its biota, where the role of anthropogenic activities is crucial. The global trend of merchant shipping is increasing, thus enlarging underwater noise levels. As a result, greater noise can harm aquatic animals in their habitats. In the Baltic Sea, the underwater sound pressure levels are now being evaluated utilizing noise measurement, modelling, and mapping. In areas such as narrow ship passages, namely lagoons, channels, or straits, the ambient underwater noise modelling becomes very complex, even though these EU inland waters are regarded by legislation as part of the marine basin. For instance, the Klaipėda Channel (Klaipėda Strait), connecting the Baltic Sea and the Curonian Lagoon, is regarded by the national Lithuanian legislation as part of marine waters, where the environmental status should be evaluated according to the EU Maritime Strategy Framework Directive. In this narrow channel, an alternative to the modelling of ambient sound pressure levels can be applied to understand the long-term trends of vessel-sourced noise emissions. In this paper, an example of application of ship noise emission modelling for a narrow Klaipėda Harbour area is presented, along with the results obtained throughout 2015–2017. The modelled noise levels in the harbour area reached the median levels of 112.5 dB in 2015 and 102.6 dB re 1 µPa2 in 2017. The maximum emitted instantaneous sound pressure levels by ships reached 173.7 dB in 2015 and 179.4 dB re 1 µPa2 in 2017 in the area of interest.

U–Pb detrital zircon constraints on active margin magmatism and sedimentation after the Grampian Orogeny in western Ireland

Early Ordovician collision of the Lough Nafooey Arc (part of the Baie Verte Oceanic Tract) with the passive continental margin of Laurentia peaked at c. 475 Ma in Scotland and Ireland and was followed by subduction polarity reversal. We examined Upper Ordovician–Silurian sedimentary rocks from western Ireland to see whether collision was followed by renewed arc magmatism. Despite the scarcity of dated igneous intrusions between the Grampian (c. 470 Ma) and Acadian (c. 420 Ma) orogenies in Ireland, detrital zircons show a continuity of activity peaking at 480–440 Ma, implying no hiatus in regional magmatism. Differences in zircon U–Pb age spectra highlight the isolation of basins in the southern Killary Harbour area from those north of the South Mayo Trough. These latter rocks were largely derived by erosion from Moine and Upper Dalradian sources. By contrast, the Killary Harbour Basin shows a decreasing influence from the Dalradian after c. 436 Ma and an increasing influence of contemporaneous magmatic zircons. These were transported from sources along-strike from the present NE, probably at the southern end of the Scandian Mountains in SE Greenland. The western Irish basins formed as pull-apart basins in a forearc setting and are analogous to Cenozoic pull-apart basins in Sumatra.Supplementary material: U-Pb zircon analytical data is available at a decreasing influence from the Dalradian after c. 436 Ma and an increasing influence of contemporaneous https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5209849