scholarly journals Health assessment of a marginal reef site in Southeastern Brazil: integrating ecological indicators and anthropogenic pressures to guide management decisions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Casares ◽  
Lélis Carlos Junior ◽  
Joel Christopher Creed ◽  
Simone Siag Oigman-Pszczol
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Ecological Indicators ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Environmental Pressure ◽  
Pressure Index ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Marginal Reef

Coastal marine ecosystems provide important services yet have been under increased local and global anthropogenic pressures worldwide. Hence, health assessment studies are necessary to guide management actions ensuring biodiversity conservation and the maintenance of ecosystem services. We applied a protocol previously developed by our group for the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) to assess the health of a marginal reef ecosystem at Armação dos Búzios, Southeastern Brazil - a touristic destination that has experienced a rapid urbanization since the last decades. The protocol evaluates temporal trends in Ecological Indicators (diversity, singularity and species substitution) and an Environmental Pressure Index. Quantitative benthic and pressure data obtained for 11 sites in 2000/2001 were used as the baseline and compared to data generated in 2016/2017. Most sites showed a decreased singularity and increased diversity over time. This suggests sites are becoming more homogenous in terms of species composition. Despite some variability among sites, the Environmental Pressure Index exhibited almost the same pattern as ten years ago with the same sites ranked as the least and the most subjected to anthropogenic pressures. Differences among sites were mainly driven by urban development. This study represents an important tool for the ecosystem management of the area.

scholarly journals Health assessment of a marginal reef site in Southeastern Brazil: integrating ecological indicators and anthropogenic pressures to guide management decisions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Casares ◽  
Lélis Carlos Junior ◽  
Joel Christopher Creed ◽  
Simone Siag Oigman-Pszczol
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Ecological Indicators ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Environmental Pressure ◽  
Pressure Index ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Marginal Reef

Coastal marine ecosystems provide important services yet have been under increased local and global anthropogenic pressures worldwide. Hence, health assessment studies are necessary to guide management actions ensuring biodiversity conservation and the maintenance of ecosystem services. We applied a protocol previously developed by our group for the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) to assess the health of a marginal reef ecosystem at Armação dos Búzios, Southeastern Brazil - a touristic destination that has experienced a rapid urbanization since the last decades. The protocol evaluates temporal trends in Ecological Indicators (diversity, singularity and species substitution) and an Environmental Pressure Index. Quantitative benthic and pressure data obtained for 11 sites in 2000/2001 were used as the baseline and compared to data generated in 2016/2017. Most sites showed a decreased singularity and increased diversity over time. This suggests sites are becoming more homogenous in terms of species composition. Despite some variability among sites, the Environmental Pressure Index exhibited almost the same pattern as ten years ago with the same sites ranked as the least and the most subjected to anthropogenic pressures. Differences among sites were mainly driven by urban development. This study represents an important tool for the ecosystem management of the area.

scholarly journals An index to integrate stress due to anthropogenic pressures along the shoreline and case study of a tourist destination in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Araujo Casares ◽  
Lélis Antonio Carlos-Jr ◽  
Joel Christopher Creed ◽  
Simone Siag Oigman-Pszczol
Keyword(s):  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Shoreline Development ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Gas Stations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Over Time

In order to compare stress on marine coastal ecosystems at different sites and over time we developed an Environmental Pressure Index (EPI). The index was composed of twenty-four parameters which could be observed and quantified at each site or from maps. The parameters metrics were taken in water, on shore or from the catchment and were grouped into eight ecosystem degrading stressors: Urban development, shoreline development, presence of sewage outfalls, presence of human debris, constructions on the shore, nautical gas stations, fishing pressure, recreational activities and nautical and shipping activities. The parameters were standardized to a maximum and had different weighting established from the literature, giving an EPI which varies from 0 to 1. We applied the Index to the tropical rocky shores and marginal reef ecosystem of the Armação dos Búzios, a tourist destination situated on a peninsula in Southeastern Brazil. The region has experienced rapid urbanization since the 1950s. Data were obtained for 11 sites and the Index was calculated for 2000/2001 and compared to data generated in 2016/2017. In 2000/2001 EPI varied from 0.01-0.47 and in 2016/2017 from 0.04-0.55 and although some sites worsened others improved and no significant difference in EPI was found over time for the region.

scholarly journals An index to integrate stress due to anthropogenic pressures along the shoreline and case study of a tourist destination in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Araujo Casares ◽  
Lélis Antonio Carlos-Jr ◽  
Joel Christopher Creed ◽  
Simone Siag Oigman-Pszczol
Keyword(s):  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Shoreline Development ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Gas Stations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Over Time

In order to compare stress on marine coastal ecosystems at different sites and over time we developed an Environmental Pressure Index (EPI). The index was composed of twenty-four parameters which could be observed and quantified at each site or from maps. The parameters metrics were taken in water, on shore or from the catchment and were grouped into eight ecosystem degrading stressors: Urban development, shoreline development, presence of sewage outfalls, presence of human debris, constructions on the shore, nautical gas stations, fishing pressure, recreational activities and nautical and shipping activities. The parameters were standardized to a maximum and had different weighting established from the literature, giving an EPI which varies from 0 to 1. We applied the Index to the tropical rocky shores and marginal reef ecosystem of the Armação dos Búzios, a tourist destination situated on a peninsula in Southeastern Brazil. The region has experienced rapid urbanization since the 1950s. Data were obtained for 11 sites and the Index was calculated for 2000/2001 and compared to data generated in 2016/2017. In 2000/2001 EPI varied from 0.01-0.47 and in 2016/2017 from 0.04-0.55 and although some sites worsened others improved and no significant difference in EPI was found over time for the region.

scholarly journals Trend analysis of indicators: a comparison of recent changes in the status of marine ecosystems around the world

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 732-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia L. Blanchard ◽  
Marta Coll ◽  
Verena M. Trenkel ◽  
Rémi Vergnon ◽  
Dawit Yemane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Ecological Indicators ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status

Abstract Blanchard, J. L., Coll, M., Trenkel, V. M., Vergnon, R., Yemane, D., Jouffre, D., Link, J. S., and Shin, Y-J. 2010. Trend analysis of indicators: a comparison of recent changes in the status of marine ecosystems around the world. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 732–744. Time-series of ecological and exploitation indicators collected from 19 ecosystems were analysed to investigate whether there have been temporal trends in the status of fish communities. Using linear and non-linear statistical methods, trends are reported for six indicators (mean length of fish in the community, mean lifespan, proportion of predatory fish, total biomass of surveyed species, mean trophic level of landings, and inverse fishing pressure), and the redundancy of these indicators across ecosystems is evaluated. The expected direction of change for an ecosystem that is increasingly impacted by fishing is a decline in all indicators. A mixture of negative and positive directions of change is recorded, both within and among all ecosystems considered. No consistent patterns in the redundancy of the ecological indicators across ecosystems emerged from the analyses, confirming that each indicator provided complementary information on ecosystem status. The different trends in indicators may reflect differing historical exploitation patterns, management, and environmental regimes in these systems. Commitment to monitoring programmes and development of system-specific baseline, target, and threshold reference levels are required. Improved understanding of the responsiveness and performance of ecological indicators to management actions are needed to address adequately whether ecosystems are recovering from, or being further impacted by, fishing, and whether management targets are being met. The relative effects of multiple environmental and ecological processes as well as multiple human-induced stressors that characterize exploited ecosystems also need to be quantified.

scholarly journals Brasilia tapaculo (Scytalopus novacapitalis) seasonality and site occupancy in altitudinal riparian environments after non-natural burnings and feral pig invasion in Serra da Canastra National Park, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. L. D. Cunha ◽  
M. G. Reis ◽  
C. Z. Fieker ◽  
M. M. Dias
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Site Occupancy ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Feral Pigs ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Gallery Forests

Abstract The Brasilia Tapaculo, Scytalopus novacapitalis Sick, 1958, is a rare, geographically restricted, and endangered bird species that inhabits riparian vegetation of Cerrado, mainly Gallery Forests. In Serra da Canastra National Park, southeastern Brazil, wetlands are under threat due to frequent non-natural burnings and invasion by feral pigs, Sus scrofa, Linnaeus, 1758. We aimed to evaluate the possible effects of seasonal variations on S. novacapitalis records in undisturbed habitats and answer questions about how fire and feral pigs may affect site occupancy of the species. Transects alongside riparian environments were used to survey n=21 sites, totalizing 7.5 Km, from 2014 to 2019. Results indicated the season influenced both, spontaneous records and induced encounters by playback method, which were more abundant in breeding period, from early spring to summer. The use of playback significantly increased the amount of records in all seasons. The probability of site occupancy in all studied area was higher in late spring (ψ=0.91) and lower in autumn (ψ=0.73). In burned sites (n=8), the first post-fire month showed the lowest probability of occupancy, but there was a rapid recovery in 2nd month and stabilization similar to control area from the 3rd month ahead. After sites (n=11) were invaded by feral pigs, the estimation of site occupancy indicated a slight drop in first two months, but after the 3rd month of invasion the decreasing pattern enhanced the discrepancy with undisturbed areas. It is important to keep monitoring S. novacapitalis population and their threats, to subsidize management actions, especially to avoid frequently unusual burnings in riparian forests, and to block the access of feral pigs to wetlands.

scholarly journals Birds at Santa Bárbara Ecological Station, one of the last Cerrado remnants in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson da Silva Lucindo ◽  
Alexsander Zamorano Antunes ◽  
Marina Mitsue Kanashiro ◽  
Manoel Martins Dias
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Santa Barbara ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Species Of Conservation Concern ◽  
Conservation Concern

In the state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, the phytophysiognomy known as Cerrado takes less than 1% of its original cover. Thus, the establishment and management of protected areas are essential to save a significant sample of biodiversity of this environment in the region. The Santa Bárbara Ecological Station is one of the largest protected areas in São Paulo, and one of the few ones to cover a mosaic with most of the vegetation types of Cerrado. This article aims to increase the knowledge of avifauna in the reserve, showing new bird records and evaluating the association of species to their physiognomies. We carried out surveys from 2008 to 2013, which resulted in the record of 226 species, or 246 when in regard to Willis & Oniki’s works (1981, 2003). Twenty-two are regionally threatened, and five globally threatened. Despite showing lower species richness, grasslands stood out because of the number of species of conservation concern. Preventing the densification of woody vegetation and controlling the invasion of alien plants are important management actions for the conservation of the bird assemblages at Santa Bárbara reserve, one of the last open Cerrado remnants in São Paulo.

scholarly journals Living benthic Foraminifera from the Saquarema lagoonal system (Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil)

Check List ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 2062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Belart ◽  
Vanessa Mattos Laut ◽  
Iara Martins Moreira Matos Clemente ◽  
Débora Silva Raposo ◽  
Virgínia Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Coastal Lagoons ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Foraminiferal Assemblage ◽  
Complex Ecosystem ◽  
Benthic Foraminiferal Assemblage ◽  
Janeiro State ◽  
Transitional Environments

Transitional environments such as coastal lagoons with narrow connections to the sea are ecosystems very sensitive to natural or anthropogenic pressures. They are biodiversity hotspots and for this reason it should be studied and preserved. This study lists the benthic Foraminifera species from the Saquarema lagoonal system (SLS), Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. This complex ecosystem consists of four large connected lagoons, namely Urussanga, Jardim, Boqueirão, and Saquarema. A poorly diversified benthic foraminiferal assemblage was documented from most of the lagoon system and consisted of only eight species belonging to three orders and four families. The relatively low species richness of the SLS compared to other Brazilian coastal lagoons might be explained by several factors including domestic sewage input and the long residence time of water.

scholarly journals Remote Sensing and GIS based Land Use Land Cover Analysis in Chandel District, Manipur, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 889 (1) ◽  
pp. 012046
Author(s):  
Ashangbam Inaoba Singh ◽  
Kanwarpreet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Supervised Classification ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Barren Area ◽  
Landsat 7

Abstract Rapid urbanization has dramatically altered land use and land cover (LULC). The focus of this research is on the examination of the last two decades. The research was conducted in the Chandel district of Manipur, India. The LULC of Chandel (encompassing a 3313 km2 geographical area) was mapped using remotely sensed images from LANDSAT4-5, LANDSAT 7 ETM+, and LANDSAT 8 (OLI) to focus on spatial and temporal trends between years 2000 and 2021. The LULC maps with six major classifications viz., Thickly Vegetated Area (TVA), Sparsely Vegetated Area (SVA), Agriculture Area (AA), Population Area (PA), Water Bodies (WB), and Barren Area (BA) of the were generated using supervised classification approach. For the image classification procedure, interactive supervised classification is adopted to calculate the area percentage. The results interpreted that the TVA covers approximately 65% of the total mapped area in year 2002, which has been decreased up to 60% in 2007, 56% in 2011, 55 % in 2017, and 52% in 2021. The populated area also increases significantly in these two decades. The change and increase in the PA has been observed from year 2000 (8%) to 2021 (11%). Water Bodies remain same throughout the study period. Deforestation occurs as a result of the rapid rise of the population and the extension of the territory.

scholarly journals Lianas, tree ferns and understory species: indicators of conservation status in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest remnants, southeastern Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. D. Castello ◽  
S. Coelho ◽  
E. Cardoso-Leite
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Indicator Species ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Successional Stage ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Protected Areas Management ◽  
Tree Ferns ◽  
Shade Tolerant Species

Abstract Indicators are applied faster and at lower costs than conventional surveys, providing quick and efficient responses that can facilitate protected areas management. Our aim was to select indicators from vegetation to monitor protected areas. For this purpose, we analyzed understory and quantified lianas and tree ferns in protected and non-protected areas, in order to find indicator species. Our study areas are located in Vale do Ribeira, southeastern São Paulo state, Brazil. One of the areas is under two protection categories (IUCN's categories II and V), and the other is a privately owned farm. Lianas with large diameters (> 13 cm) and tree ferns with great heights (> 19 m) were considered indicators of undisturbed areas (protected areas) because their growth is directly related to forest successional stage. Indicator species within the protected area were shade tolerant species, such as Bathysa australis (A.St.-Hil.) K.Schum., whereas outside the protected area were pioneer species, such as Pera glabrata (Schott) Poepp. ex Baill. e Nectandra oppositifolia Ness. All of the suggested indicators can be used in management actions, especially in protected areas, to guarantee forest maintenance and ensure fulfillment of the conservation objectives of these areas.

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