scholarly journals Approach to verification of psychometric test results by integrating the methods of tempometry and video-oculography

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-51
Author(s):  
Oleg S. Ivanov ◽  
Sergey V. Chermyanin ◽  
Veronika E. Kapitanaki ◽  
Sergey V. Pilkevitch ◽  
Timur R. Sabirov
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Tests ◽  
Social Acceptability ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Psychometric Test ◽  
Great Probability ◽  
Video Oculography ◽  
Processing Algorithms

One of the function of psychometrics is to assess hidden properties in persons as trasmitters of meanings to predict their behaviour under certain specific situational conditions with reference to the measured parameters. When the survey participants recourse to deliberate distortion of their answers in order to increase social acceptability thereof, then there is a great probability that the evaluation and predictions of their behavior will not be relevant. the answer-response processing algorithms envisioned in standardized tests are often ineffective when it comes to detection of intentional distortion; and this in fact is the problem that requires resolution. An approach to solve this problem is proposed. A tool suitable for implementation of the proposed approach is described. the results obtained by means of using the toolkit Video Tsvetomer are illustrated.

Mathematics Assessment for Students with Mild Disabilities: An Exploration of Content Validity

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rene S. Parmar ◽  
Richard Frazita ◽  
John F. Cawley
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Achievement ◽  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Standardized Tests ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Mathematics Assessment ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
National Council ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Mild Disabilities ◽  
Inappropriate Use

This article examines the content validity of selected standardized tests of mathematics achievement as it pertains to students with disabilities. Psychometricians have traditionally focused their analyses of standardized tests on technical aspects. The present paper focuses on content from the perspective of educators who are the primary consumers of test results. Therefore, our analyses are directed towards relating existing tests to curricula and instructional approaches. The Assessment Standards presented by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics are used as a framework with which to evaluate the appropriateness and adequacy of assessment instruments. Problems with content validity of the tests are identified, including inadequate representation of content domains, inappropriate sequencing and placement of items, inappropriate use of age and grade-equivalent scores, and incorrect descriptor assigned to items.

Changes in Psychometric Test Results Following Cosmetic Nasal Operations

1973 ◽  
Vol 122 (566) ◽  
pp. 89-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Hay ◽  
B. B. Heather
Keyword(s):  
Test Results ◽  
Psychometric Test ◽  
Psychological Disturbance ◽  
Original State ◽  
Cosmetic Rhinoplasty

It has frequently been argued that requests for cosmetic rhinoplasty, particularly in patients with minimal disfigurements, may be indicative of psychological disturbance. Authors such as Meerloo (1956) and Roubichek (1960) have further argued that corrective operations in these minimally disfigured patients are contra-indicated, as the patients are always dissatisfied by surgery, sometimes demanding restoration to the original state.

scholarly journals The effect of conocarpan on susceptibility of Candida albicans to phagocytosis and digestion by macrophages

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (14) ◽  
pp. 505-513
Author(s):  
Dhébora Mozena Dall'Igna ◽  
Ana Angélica Steil ◽  
Rosi Zanoni da Silva ◽  
Valdir Cechinel Filho ◽  
Alexandre Bella-Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Standardized Tests ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Nitric Oxide Production ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Cellular Activation ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Mtt Reduction

Piper solmsianum C. DC. compounds exhibit several properties, including antimicrobial activity. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether conocarpan alters Candida albicans growth or killing of the yeast by macrophages. Conocarpan showed strong activity against the yeast with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 20 µg/mL and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 30 µg/mL. Mice peritoneal cells (macrophages) were cultured for 24 and 48 hours in supplemented RPMI 1640 medium. Cellular activation was assessed by determining MTT reduction and nitric oxide production. Standardized tests were conducted to select the optimal parameters for the subsequent killing test. Results showed that conocarpan exhibited antifungal activity and that C. albicans cultivated in the presence of the compound had greater susceptibility to death by macrophages. These findings suggest that conocarpan may have potential as an antimicrobial agent for C. albicans infections, promoting macrophagic immune support by altering growth of the yeast.

Ethical Implications of Using Outdated Standardized Tests

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Jakubowitz ◽  
Mary Jo Schill
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Tests ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Ethical Conduct ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Recent Edition

Abstract The Code of Ethics of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) defines the expected ethical conduct of members and provides guidance to professionals in making appropriate decisions, including those related to ethical clinical practices. This article addresses issues and questions centered on using older versions of standardized tests after newer editions of the test or assessment protocol have been published. If the most recent edition is not available, clinicians need to decide if it is ever appropriate to use the older version, including the factors that must be considered when making such a decision. In addition, the clinician must consider how to interpret and report results and what information must be retained related to the test results. Applicable areas of the ASHA Code of Ethics are identified and discussed, and some suggestions are provided for clinicians to consider when making decision in this area of practice.

Assessment of Migrant and Minority Children

2008 ◽  
Vol 216 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Schölmerich ◽  
Birgit Leyendecker ◽  
Banu Citlak ◽  
Ulrike Caspar ◽  
Julia Jäkel
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Tests ◽  
Migrant Children ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Minority Status ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Minority Children ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Preschool Age Children

Testing children with minority status or migration background poses particular challenges for educators and researchers. More obvious are language barriers, but there may also be more complex limitations based on cultural or contextual differences. The literature on testing migrant and minority children is summarized in a brief historical perspective, focusing on the use of standardized tests. Potential biases in testing minority and migrant children are discussed, and empirical results of testing two groups of preschool age children of nonmigrant (N = 50) and migrant status (N = 35) with the ET 6–6 in Germany are presented. Results indicate significant group differences to the disadvantage of the migrant children in some scales, however, both groups scored within the normal range of one standard deviation around the test norm. The migrant group children were tested in their dominant language, and they used more time to complete the test. Interpretation of test results should use caution, particularly when using tests to support placement in educational settings.

Data Post-Processing Algorithms for Active Forward-Looking Sonar System

1970 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
J. Berdnikova ◽  
V. Kozevnikov ◽  
T. Ruuben ◽  
A. Raja
Keyword(s):  
Object Localization ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Angular Aperture ◽  
Digital Beamforming ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Beam Focusing ◽  
Sonar System ◽  
Processing Algorithms ◽  
Forward Looking

This paper introduces a new beamforming and received data post-processing method for forward-looking sonar applications with limited number of array elements. Applications like Sidescan or Forward Looking Sonars, used for area efficient sea floor imaging, collect large amount of raw data, which allows us to do both imagery and additional data processing. Moreover, object localization improvement could be accomplished by the post-processing of the received information collected with digital beamforming and beam focusing. Test results illustrate the efficiency of the proposed post-processing algorithms in terms of angular aperture and target detection. Ill. 11, bibl. 8 (in English; abstracts in English and Lithuanian).http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.110.4.284

A Closer Look at Standardized Tests

1982 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
Donald J. Freeman ◽  
Therese M. Kuhs ◽  
Lucy B. Knappen ◽  
Andrew C. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Instructional Strategies ◽  
Standardized Tests ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Learning Problems ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Teacher's Knowledge ◽  
Standardized Test Results

It is commonly argued that teachers should use scores from standardized tests to facilitate instruction. Specifically, teachers are encouraged to use standardized test results to evaluate student achievement on both a group and individual level, to identify students with learning problems, and to assess the effectiveness of instructional strategies that have been used. The use of standardized tests for any of these functions, however, must be tempered by the teacher's knowledge of the extent to which the content of the test parallels the content of instruction.

Improvement of Norm Score Quality via Regression-Based Continuous Norming

2020 ◽  
pp. 001316442092845
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Lenhard ◽  
Alexandra Lenhard
Keyword(s):  
Item Response ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Psychometric Test ◽  
Test Norms ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Ranking Procedures ◽  
Norm Scores

The interpretation of psychometric test results is usually based on norm scores. We compared semiparametric continuous norming (SPCN) with conventional norming methods by simulating results for test scales with different item numbers and difficulties via an item response theory approach. Subsequently, we modeled the norm scores based on random samples with varying sizes either with a conventional ranking procedure or SPCN. The norms were then cross-validated by using an entirely representative sample of N = 840,000 for which different measures of norming error were computed. This process was repeated 90,000 times. Both approaches benefitted from an increase in sample size, with SPCN reaching optimal results with much smaller samples. Conventional norming performed worse on data fit, age-related errors, and number of missings in the norm tables. The data fit in conventional norming of fixed subsample sizes varied with the granularity of the age brackets, calling into question general recommendations for sample sizes in test norming. We recommend that test norms should be based on statistical models of the raw score distributions instead of simply compiling norm tables via conventional ranking procedures.

Evaluation of yarn appearance on a blackboard based on image processing

2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752110028
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Yichen Lu ◽  
Ruru Pan ◽  
Weidong Gao
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Processing Method ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Textile Processing ◽  
Yarn Diameter ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Image Processing Algorithms ◽  
Processing Algorithms

Yarn evenness and hairiness are the appearance characteristics of yarn, which affect textile processing and product quality. To evaluate yarn appearance economically and effectively, an image-processing method is proposed in this paper to analyze yarn appearance on a blackboard. Firstly, an image of a yarn blackboard is captured by the scanner. Then, the yarn core and hairy fibers are segmented from the captured image with image-processing algorithms. The coefficients of variation of the yarn diameter ( CVbd) and the hairiness index ( M) are respectively calculated based on the information about the yarn core and hairy fibers in the image. Finally, the results of the proposed method are compared with those from the Uster Tester. The experimental results demonstrate that yarn appearance can be objectively evaluated using yarn blackboard images. The test results of different yarn blackboards made from the same yarn are stable and consistent. The correlation coefficient between the proposed method and the Uster Tester is 0.98, which proves that the H value can be accurately predicted by the hairiness prediction model. A hairiness prediction model built by the M value is also proven to be accurate when used to predict the corresponding value of the Uster Tester. Compared with the existing yarn evenness and hairiness test methods, the proposed method is more economical and practical.

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