Validating Segregated Observers: Mapping West Bank Settlements from Without and Within

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jess Bier
Keyword(s):  
West Bank ◽  
Standpoint Theory ◽  
Feminist Standpoint Theory ◽  
Situated Knowledge ◽  
The West ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Map Data ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Israeli Occupation

Chapter 5, “Validating Segregated Observers”, explores the intricate ways that the Israeli occupation shapes empirical observations. Through a critique of feminist standpoint theory and Donna Haraway’s work on situated knowledge, it shows how the most well meaning maps can be drastically different depending on who makes them. After 1967 Israeli settlers have increasingly moved to the West Bank, establishing diffuse but numerous settlements that dominate the landscape, engendering forms of segregation that are both rigid and complex. As a result, Palestinians see different parts of the landscape, and under tougher restrictions, than do Israelis, and vice versa. For example, cartographers in Palestinian non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are able to collect map data only within Palestinian areas, and must view the Israeli settlements from without. This produces a dichotomy between, and enforces a drastically unequal separation of, Palestinians and Israelis. It also buttresses imbalances of power in international technoscience, influencing even the most apparently objective, empirical knowledge. Chapter 5 explores the (by no means straightforward) implications of this segregation in detail, while also introducing the notion of refractivity, or material and spatial reflexivity. Throughout, it seeks to understand how cartographers in organizations who use the same tools to map the same landscapes can produce different results.

The Trial of the Refuseniks

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-153
Author(s):  
Igal Ezraty ◽  
Freddie Rokem
Keyword(s):  
West Bank ◽  
Israeli Society ◽  
Moral Issues ◽  
The West ◽  
Conscientious Objectors ◽  
The Military ◽  
Israeli Occupation

The Trial of the Refuseniks drew attention to the moral issues of the conflict over the Israeli occupation of Gaza and the West Bank, a conflict that is still tearing Israeli society in two irreconcilable directions. The “theatrical documentary reading” is a reenactment of the military trial of five conscientious objectors, based on court transcripts.

scholarly journals Subordinasi dan Sudut Pandang Perempuan Suku Malind Marga Mahuze dalam Film the Mahuzes (2015): a Feminist Standpoint Theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-360
Author(s):  
Dini Arfiani
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Standpoint Theory ◽  
Documentary Films ◽  
Feminist Standpoint Theory ◽  
Situated Knowledge ◽  
Feminist Standpoint ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sexual Division ◽  
The Public Sphere

Abstract: Documentary films are one of the most suitable media to be used as a reference in seeing reality. Like the reality of subordination and women's point of view in The Mahuzes. In general, this film tells the story of the conflict that occurred between the Malind clan Mahuze in Merauke and corporations that entered their territory through the Merauke Integrated Food and Energy Estate (MIFEE) program, besides that there were horizontal conflicts between tribal members. This study aims to analyze the form of subordination and women's point of view seeing the problems of indigenous peoples dealing with corporations which are shown by the documentary film The Mahuzes in the perspective of Feminist Standpoint Theory. This study uses a qualitative approach and a critical paradigm by collecting data from various relevant sources. Events involving or relating to women were analyzed using three basic concepts of Feminist Standpoint Theory, namely standpoint, situated knowledge, and sexual division of labour. The results of the study indicate that women in The Mahuzes are a marginalized group, forced to take responsibility for the domestic space, and are limited to take part in the public sphere. Even so, they have a broad and comprehensive perspective in viewing horizontal conflicts between clan members and vertically between clans and corporations.   Keywords: Subordinate; Feminist Standpoint; MIFEE; The Mahuze Abstrak: Film dokumenter menjadi salah satu media yang paling sesuai untuk dijadikan sebagai rujukan dalam melihat realitas. Seperti realitas subordinasi dan sudut pandang perempuan dalam The Mahuzes. Film ini, secara garis besar berkisah tentang konflik yang terjadi antara suku Malind marga Mahuze di Merauke dengan korporasi yang masuk ke wilayah mereka melalui program Merauke Integrated Food and Energy Estate (MIFEE), selain itu terdapat konflik horizontal antar anggota suku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk subordinasi dan sudut pandang perempuan melihat permasalahan masyarakat adat berhadapan dengan korporasi yang ditampilkan oleh film dokumenter The Mahuzes dalam perspektif Feminist Standpoint Theory. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan paradigma kritis dengan mengumpulkan data dari berbagai sumber yang relevan. Agedan-agedan yang melibatkan atau berkaitan dengan perempuan dianalisis dengan menggunakan tiga konsep dasar Feminist Standpoint Theory, yaitu standpoint, situated knowledge, dan sexual division of labour. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, perempuan dalam The Mahuzes merupakan kelompok yang terpinggirkan, dipaksa untuk bertanggung jawab pada ruang domestik, dan terbatas untuk berkiprah di ruang publik. Meskipun begitu, mereka memiliki sudut pandang yang luas dan menyeluruh dalam melihat konflik horizontal antar anggota marga maupun vertikal antara marga dan korporasi. Kata kunci: Subordinasi; Feminist Standpoint; MIFEE; The Mahuze

Understanding 50 Years of Israeli Occupation of Palestinian Land

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-377
Author(s):  
Leila Farsakh
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Sinai Peninsula ◽  
The West ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
West Bank And Gaza ◽  
One Year ◽  
Israeli Occupation

The year 2017 was important for the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, commemorating both the centennial of the Balfour Declaration and the fiftieth anniversary of the 1967 war. That war, which resulted in Israel's defeat of three Arab armies and its occupation of the West Bank, Gaza Strip, the Sinai Peninsula, and the Golan Heights, transformed the politics of the Middle East. According to UN Security Council Resolution 242, issued in November 1967, the occupation was illegal: Israel would have to withdraw from the territories it occupied if it were to achieve peace with its neighbors. In international law, military occupations are temporary by definition. Israel, however, only returned the Sinai to Egypt in 1982. (One year prior, it unilaterally annexed the Golan Heights from Syria.) Despite a twenty-five-year-long political process initiated in 1993, Israel's occupation of the West Bank and Gaza has continued unabated.

Conclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 196-202
Author(s):  
Christine Leuenberger ◽  
Izhak Schnell
Keyword(s):  
Interest Groups ◽  
State Building ◽  
Nation State ◽  
The West ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Future State ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
West Bank And Gaza

The story of the establishment of the Israeli nation-state exemplifies some of the main ingredients of nation-state building in the 20th century. Israel came into being where historical narratives, national imaginations, scientific and technical know-how, human and material resources, and national and international support intersected. In the struggle to establish a nation-state, cartography had become crucial for both building the nation, and for building the state. With the 1993 Oslo Interim Agreement, Palestinians also started to survey and map the territory allocated to a future State of Palestine, with the expectation that they would, within five years, have full sovereignty over the West Bank and Gaza. For Palestinians to survey, map, and plan for the territory is crucial for establishing the legitimacy and functionality of a future state. At the same time, their attempt to map their land, as well as the production of various alternative maps by various organizations, are challenging the top-down mappings of the Israeli state and its dominant geopolitics. As boundaries continue to be controversial and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict remains intractable and unresolved, Israel and Palestine provide different governmental and non-governmental organizations, interest groups, and political protagonists ongoing fodder for persistent map wars. The focus on nationally based cartographic discourses in Israel/Palestine thus provides insights into the complexity, fissures, and frictions within internal political debates, but it also reveals the persistent power of the nation-state as a framework for forging identities, citizens, and alliances.

Two circuits: China defined with globalization

2021 ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Alexander I. Salitsky
Keyword(s):  
The West ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
External Resources ◽  
Domestic Markets ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Trade War ◽  
To Come

China has made achieving technological independence its top priority for years to come. China has turned a "crisis into an opportunity" in its response to the US trade war. China's industrial capabilities have been fully confirmed during the fight against the COVID-19 epidemic. The emergence and adoption in China of the concept of “two circuits” (dual-circulation”) means the predominant reliance on the internal circuit compared to the external. The old strategy focused on external markets and external resources helped China to become a "global factory". But times and China have changed: the domestic market of the country has huge potential, and tendencies towards de-globalization have spread abroad. The economic activity of the PRC turned towards the internal market and internal regions of the country. The state came out in defense of the market - against large international monopolists, no matter domestic or foreign. This posture opposes the sluggish economic dynamics in the industrial centers of the West caused by the monopolization of domestic markets by large and super-large transnationals, who overwhelmed governments, other branches of state power, many international and non-governmental organizations by narrowing and exploiting the market space. "Two circuits", as well as "self-reliance" in China, have a pronounced socialist orientation.The escalating US campaign for technological pressure on China is backfiring. The country is committed to further strengthening its growing technological prowess. China has thrown a strong challenge to Western domination, which has more than just an economic dimension. China has an increasing impact on the world and - less dependent on it.

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