scholarly journals Harvest impacts on caribou population dynamics in South West Greenland

Rangifer ◽  
2011 ◽  
pp. 135-145
Author(s):  
Lars Witting ◽  
Christine Cuyler
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Population Model ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Target Density ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Total Absence ◽  
South West ◽  
The Future

We examined the effects of hunting on caribou populations in South West Greenland from year 1999 to 2007. In the Ameralik area a reported average annual harvest of 2950 caribou coincided with a population decline from 31 000 (90% CI: 22 000 - 44 000) animals in 1999 to 8900 (90% CI: 5800 - 13 000) in 2007. A survey estimate from 2006 indicates that a suggested target caribou density of 1.2 / km2 was met. A Bayesian population model estimates the annual replacement for Ameralik at minus 170 individuals (90% CI: -550 - 460), which indicates that the target density may or may not be maintained even in the total absence of a hunt. For the Qeqertarsuatsiaat area an average annual harvest of 230 caribou appears to have left the density unaffected, remaining steady on target with an abundance of approximately 5000 individuals. The harvest in this area increased from 100 animals in 2000 to 440 in 2006. With an estimated 2007 replacement of 190 (90% CI: -190- 960) caribou per year the target density may not be maintained in the future unless hunting restrictions are implemented. The density of caribou in Qeqertarsuatsiaat may, however, be maintained over the short term if the emigration of animals from Ameralik into Qeqertarsuatsiaat continues.

Simulating the formation and decay of supraglacial lakes in South-West Greenland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prateek Gantayat ◽  
Amber Leeson ◽  
James Lea ◽  
Noel Gourmelen ◽  
Xavier Fettweis
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Future Evolution ◽  
Linear Elastic ◽  
Supraglacial Lakes ◽  
South West ◽  
The Future ◽  
Water Values

<p><strong>The dynamics of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is greatly affected by surface meltwater that is routed from the surface to the bed, for example when a supraglacial lake (SGL) drains. The South-West Greenland Ice Sheet (SWGrIS) has an abundance of such lakes that form and decay over every hydrological year. In case a crevasse is opened up underneath an SGL, the lake water is likely to drain via the crevasse into the ice-sheet’s bed. This in turn influences the ice sheet motion by increasing the lubrication at the ice-sheet’s base. SGLs may also either drain laterally via a supra-glacial meltwater channel or the water they contain can stay put throughout the hydrological year, refreezing in the winter. These processes may affect the ice rheology in addition to influencing ice flow. While simulating the future evolution of the GrIS, it is thus important to account for processes associated with the evolution of SGLs. Until now, however, none of the existing ice sheet models have fully accounted for these processes, in part because no hydrological model yet includes them all. Here we propose a new process-based hydrological model for the SWGrIS which fully accounts for the evolution of  SGLs. The model consists of four units. The first is a surface water routing unit where the daily-generated surface meltwater is routed assuming steepest decent into the surface depressions forming SGLs. The second unit uses principles of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) to deal with the scenario where an SGL drains into the bed through an underlying crevasse. The third deals with the SGL drainage event that occurs when a surface meltwater channel gets incised though the ice sheet’s surface due to erosion from the SGL’s overflowing meltwater i.e. channel incision. Finally, the fourth unit simulates the freezing/unfreezing of SGLs by calculating the energy balance at the SGL’s surface. Using this model forced by Modèle Atmosphérique Régionale (MAR) derived daily surface melt-water values we quantify a) the amount and location of surface meltwater injection to the ice-sheet’s bed via moulins or crevasses and ,b) the meltwater that is either  retained in SGL or drained overland via meltwater channels and stored elsewhere over the period 2011-2020, in the Leverett glacier catchment. In the future, we plan to integrate this hydrological model with the sophisticated state-of-the-art BISICLES ice sheet model.</strong></p>

scholarly journals Toward a New Cycle: Short-Term Population Dynamics, Gentrification, and Re-Urbanization of Milan (Italy)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margherita Carlucci ◽  
Francesco Chelli ◽  
Luca Salvati
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Homogeneous Population ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
The City

After sequential cycles of urbanization and suburbanization, European cities underwent a (more or less intense) re-urbanization wave. The present study analyzes short-term population dynamics in the core of a large metropolitan region (Milan, northern Italy), providing evidence of spatially-heterogeneous re-urbanization characterized by spatially-complex population growth (or shrinkage) at a local scale. Population dynamics over 1999–2017 were assessed in 88 urban districts partitioning Milan′s municipal area and projected up to 2036 for the same spatial units. Empirical results identify spatially-complex and temporally non-linear dynamics with expanding or declining districts distributed heterogeneously across the study area. Multivariate analysis outlines a generalized population decline during 1999–2008 and an opposite pattern afterward (2008–2017), with spatially-homogeneous population expansion expected in the near future. Spatial analysis finally highlights that local-scale population growth rates were more clustered in 2008–2017 than in 1999–2008. While the population decreased continuously in the inner districts (<1 km from the city centre), sub-central districts (1–5 km far from the city centre) experienced mixed patterns of population growth and stability. These results confirm the relevance of local-scale policies managing urban renewal and rehabilitation and promoting metropolitan expansion in a spatially-coordinated manner.

Numerical Analysis of the Age-Sex-Structured Population Dynamics Taking into Account Spatial Diffusion

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Š. Repšys ◽  
V. Skakauskas
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Population Model ◽  
Local Stability ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
Random Mating ◽  
Spatial Diffusion ◽  
Neumann Problems ◽  
Structured Population ◽  
Structured Population Dynamics

We present results of the numerical investigation of the homogenous Dirichlet and Neumann problems to an age-sex-structured population dynamics deterministic model taking into account random mating, female’s pregnancy, and spatial diffusion. We prove the existence of separable solutions to the non-dispersing population model and, by using the numerical experiment, corroborate their local stability.

Airborne geophysical surveys in Greenland – 1996 update

1997 ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Robert W. Stemp
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Magnetic Survey ◽  
Aeromagnetic Survey ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
South West ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
The Government ◽  
Airborne Geophysical Data

NOTE: This article was published in a former series of GEUS Bulletin. Please use the original series name when citing this article, for example: Stemp, R. W. (1997). Airborne geophysical surveys in Greenland – 1996 update. Geology of Greenland Survey Bulletin, 176, 75-79. https://doi.org/10.34194/ggub.v176.5069 _______________ Two major airborne geophysical surveys were carried out in 1996, the third year of a planned five-year electromagnetic and magnetic survey programme (project AEM Greenland 1994–1998) financed by the Government of Greenland, and the second year of an aeromagnetic survey programme (project Aeromag) jointly financed by the governments of Denmark and Greenland; both projects are managed by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS). The two 1996 surveys were: 1) Project Aeromag 1996 in South-West and southern West Greenland;2) Project AEM Greenland 1996 in South-West Greenland. All areas surveyed and planned for future surveys as of March 1997 are shown in Figure 1. Results of both the 1996 surveys were released in March 1997, as a continuation of a major effort to make high quality airborne geophysical data available for both mineral exploration and geological mapping purposes. The data acquired are included in geoscientific databases at GEUS for public use; digital data and maps may be purchased from the Survey. The main results from the 1996 surveys are described in Thorning & Stemp (1997) and Stemp (1997). Two further new airborne surveys have already been approved for data acquisition during the 1997 field season, with subsequent data release in March 1998. A summary of all surveys completed, in progress or planned since the formal inception of project AEM Greenland 1994–1998 is given in Table 1. The programme was expanded to include a separate regional aeromagnetic survey in 1995, provisionally for 1995–1996, with extension subject to annual confirmation and funding.

The Future of Muslim Education in the United States: An Agenda for Research

2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 46-82
Author(s):  
Fathi Malkawi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Education ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Future ◽  
Muslim Education ◽  
Future Plans

This paper addresses some of the Muslim community’s concerns regarding its children’s education and reflects upon how education has shaped the position of other communities in American history. It argues that the future of Muslim education will be influenced directly by the present realities and future trends within American education in general, and, more importantly, by the well-calculated and informed short-term and long-term decisions and future plans taken by the Muslim community. The paper identifies some areas in which a wellestablished knowledge base is critical to making decisions, and calls for serious research to be undertaken to furnish this base.

Specialist infantry and defence engagement

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjmilitary-2020-001455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Blair Thomas Herron ◽  
K M Heil ◽  
D Reid
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Future ◽  
Uk Government ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Insight Into

In 2015, the UK government published the National Strategic Defence and Security Review (SDSR) 2015, which laid out their vision for the future roles and structure of the UK Armed Forces. SDSR 2015 envisaged making broader use of the Armed Forces to support missions other than warfighting. One element of this would be to increase the scale and scope of defence engagement (DE) activities that the UK conducts overseas. DE activities traditionally involve the use of personnel and assets to help prevent conflict, build stability and gain influence with partner nations as part of a short-term training teams. This paper aimed to give an overview of the Specialist Infantry Group and its role in UK DE. It will explore the reasons why the SDSR 2015 recommended their formation as well as an insight into future tasks.

Influence of rainfall on population dynamics and survival of a threatened rodent (Pseudomys novaehollandiae) under a drying climate in coastal woodlands of south-eastern Australia

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandy Lock ◽  
Barbara A. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Resource Depletion ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Apparent Decrease ◽  
Mediterranean Systems ◽  
Precipitous Decline ◽  
Breeding Seasons ◽  
Successional Vegetation

In Mediterranean systems, such as south-east Australia, predictions of climate change including lower rainfall and extended drought, threaten vulnerable mammal species. We investigated the relationship between rainfall and population dynamics for a native rodent at risk of extinction, the New Holland mouse (Pseudomys novaehollandiae). In the eastern Otways, the species was significantly influenced by rainfall, exhibiting a population irruption (15–20 individuals ha–1) following six years of above-average rainfall and a precipitous decline to site extinction during subsequent drought. The decline was predominantly related to loss of adults before and during breeding seasons, together with an apparent decrease in juvenile survival. Population abundance was positively correlated with a rainfall lag of 0–9 months. We propose that the response of this omnivore to high rainfall was mediated through increased productivity and that rainfall decline resulted in resource depletion and population decline. Under a drying climate the direct impacts of rainfall decline will continue. However management of other threats may increase the species’ resilience. Burning to provide optimal successional vegetation, protection of refugia, and predator control are priorities. However, burning should be avoided during drought, as the likelihood of local extinctions is substantial.

Cancer in Iran 2008 to 2025: Recent incidence trends and short‐term predictions of the future burden

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Roshandel ◽  
Jacques Ferlay ◽  
Ali Ghanbari‐Motlagh ◽  
Elham Partovipour ◽  
Fereshteh Salavati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Burden

Population dynamics, housing economics, and the future of the American habitat

1977 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 143-155
Author(s):  
George Grier
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Housing Economics ◽  
The Future
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