scholarly journals Genome-wide QTL mapping of yield and agronomic traits in two widely adapted winter wheat cultivars from multiple mega-environments

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12350
Author(s):  
Smit Dhakal ◽  
Xiaoxiao Liu ◽  
Chenggen Chu ◽  
Yan Yang ◽  
Jackie C. Rudd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Favorable Alleles ◽  
Yield Test ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Phenotypic Variations

Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis could help to identify suitable molecular markers for marker-assisted breeding (MAB). A mapping population of 124 F5:7recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross ‘TAM 112’/‘TAM 111’ was grown under 28 diverse environments and evaluated for grain yield, test weight, heading date, and plant height. The objective of this study was to detect QTL conferring grain yield and agronomic traits from multiple mega-environments. Through a linkage map with 5,948 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 51 QTL were consistently identified in two or more environments or analyses. Ten QTL linked to two or more traits were also identified on chromosomes 1A, 1D, 4B, 4D, 6A, 7B, and 7D. Those QTL explained up to 13.3% of additive phenotypic variations with the additive logarithm of odds (LOD(A)) scores up to 11.2. The additive effect increased yield up to 8.16 and 6.57 g m−2 and increased test weight by 2.14 and 3.47 kg m−3 with favorable alleles from TAM 111 and TAM 112, respectively. Seven major QTL for yield and six for TW with one in common were of our interest on MAB as they explained 5% or more phenotypic variations through additive effects. This study confirmed previously identified loci and identified new QTL and the favorable alleles for improving grain yield and agronomic traits.

scholarly journals Genetic control of agronomic traits in an oat population of recombinant lines

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itamar Cristiano Nava ◽  
Ismael Tiago de Lima Duarte ◽  
Marcelo Teixeira Pacheco ◽  
Luiz Carlos Federizzi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Plant Growth Habit ◽  
Vegetative Cycle ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection

Understanding the genetic control of phenotypic traits is essential to increase the efficiency of selection for adapted, high-yielding genotypes. The purpose of this study was to determine the genetic control of nine traits of hexaploid oat. Phenotypic data were collected from a population of 162 recombinant lines derived from the cross 'UFRGS17 x UFRGS 930598-6'. For the traits plant growth habit, hairs on leaf edges and panicle type, monogenic genetic control was observed. A quantitative and/or polygenic genetic control was stated for the traits panicle weight, panicle length, vegetative cycle, plant height, test weight and grain yield. High heritability was estimated for the traits vegetative cycle (h² = 0.89) and plant height (h² = 0.79), while moderate heritability was determined for test weight (h² = 0.51) and grain yield (h² = 0.48).

Detection of molecular markers associated with yield and yield components in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) under saline conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 957 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dura ◽  
M. Duwayri ◽  
M. Nachit ◽  
F. Al Sheyab
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Ssr Loci

Durum wheat is one of the most important staple food crops, grown mainly in the Mediterranean region where its productivity is drastically affected by salinity. The objective of this study was to identify markers associated with grain yield and its related traits under saline conditions. A population of 114 F8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was derived by single-seed descent from a cross between Belikh2 (salinity-tolerant variety) and Omrabi5 (less salinity tolerant) was grown under non-saline and saline conditions in a glasshouse. Phenotypic data of the RILs and parental lines were measured for 15 agronomic traits. Association of 96 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci covering all 14 chromosomes with 15 agronomic traits was analysed with a mixed linear model. In total, 49 SSR loci were significantly associated with these traits. Under saline conditions, 12 markers were associated with phenological traits and 19 markers were associated with yield and yield components. Marker alleles from Belikh2 were associated with a positive effect for the majority of markers associated with yield and yield components. Under saline condition, five markers (Xwmc182, Xwmc388, Xwmc398, Xbarc61, and Xwmc177) were closely linked with grain yield, located on chromosomes 2A, 3A, 3B, 4B, 5A, 6B, and 7A. These markers could be used for marker-assisted selection in durum wheat breeding under saline conditions.

scholarly journals Analysis of Some Agronomic Traits of Durum Wheat Under Dryland and Supplemental Irrigation Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 149-158
Author(s):  
Gohar Afrooz ◽  
Naser Sabaghnia ◽  
Rahmatollah Karimizadeh ◽  
Fariborz Shekari
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Stressed Condition ◽  
Supplemental Irrigation ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Peduncle Length

Abstract Knowledge about the extent of variability and the association among traits are of a high value for any breeding efforts. The objective of this investigation is to evaluate the agro-morphological traits in a set of durum wheat genotypes under supplemental irrigation and dry land conditions. Results showed that principal component (PC) analysis had grouped the measured traits into four main components that altogether accounted for 77% of the total variation under non-stressed condition and 87% under water-stressed condition. With regard to the first four PCs, peduncle length, agronomic score, grain yield, vigority, test weight, days to physiological maturity and thousand kernel weight have shown to be the most important variables affecting the performance of durum wheat under non-stressed condition. In the first four PCs at the water- stressed condition, agronomic score, grain yield, vigority, days to physiological maturity, test weight and peduncle length have been shown to be the important variables under water-stressed condition. The results of factor analysis relatively confirmed the results of PC analysis. Our findings indicated that a selection strategy should take into consideration of agronomic score and days to physiological maturity under non-stressed condition while plant height and spike length under water-stressed condition. Therefore, the above-mentioned traits could be used as indirect selection criteria for genetic improvement of grain yield in durum wheat, especially in early generations of breeding programmes

scholarly journals Genetic Mapping by Integration of 55K SNP Array and KASP Markers Reveals Candidate Genes for Important Agronomic Traits in Hexaploid Wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongchun Xiong ◽  
Yuting Li ◽  
Huijun Guo ◽  
Yongdun Xie ◽  
Linshu Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Snp Array ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Kasp Markers

Agronomic traits such as heading date (HD), plant height (PH), thousand grain weight (TGW), and spike length (SL) are important factors affecting wheat yield. In this study, we constructed a high-density genetic linkage map using the Wheat55K SNP Array to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for these traits in 207 recombinant inbred lines (RILs). A total of 37 QTLs were identified, including 9 QTLs for HD, 7 QTLs for PH, 12 QTLs for TGW, and 9 QTLs for SL, which explained 3.0–48.8% of the phenotypic variation. Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) markers were developed based on sequencing data and used for validation of the stably detected QTLs on chromosomes 3A, 4B and 6A using 400 RILs. A QTL cluster on chromosome 4B for PH and TGW was delimited to a 0.8 Mb physical interval explaining 12.2–22.8% of the phenotypic variation. Gene annotations and analyses of SNP effects suggested that a gene encoding protein Photosynthesis Affected Mutant 68, which is essential for photosystem II assembly, is a candidate gene affecting PH and TGW. In addition, the QTL for HD on chromosome 3A was narrowed down to a 2.5 Mb interval, and a gene encoding an R3H domain-containing protein was speculated to be the causal gene influencing HD. The linked KASP markers developed in this study will be useful for marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding, and the candidate genes provide new insight into genetic study for those traits in wheat.

Evaluation of Sitodiplosis mosellana (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) infestation and relationship with agronomic traits in selected spring wheat cultivars in northwestern Montana, United States of America

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 (5) ◽  
pp. 675-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik R. Echegaray ◽  
Christopher R. Barbour ◽  
Luther Talbert ◽  
Robert N. Stougaard
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Sitodiplosis Mosellana ◽  
Wheat Midge

AbstractThe wheat midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana Géhin (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is a serious pest of spring wheat in North America. Currently, most commercial cultivars in the state of Montana, United States of America are susceptible. A study was conducted to assess the variability of adapted spring wheat cultivars to wheat midge infestations. A secondary objective was to determine the relationship between wheat midge infestation levels and spring wheat agronomic traits, including yield, test weight, grain protein, plant height, and heading date. This relationship was determined by evaluating 16 hard red spring wheat cultivars over a six-year period at the Northwestern Agricultural Research Center, near Kalispell, Montana. Levels of infestation had a negative impact on grain yield and test weight. Overall, the average infestation level was 40 larvae/spike with the lowest being observed with “Reeder” and the highest for “Thatcher”. Concurrently, “Reeder” had the highest yield, whereas “Thatcher” had the lowest yield and the highest grain protein, demonstrating that wheat midge infestations were positively associated with grain protein. Heading date had a positive association with midge density with higher infestations associated with later maturing cultivars. The economic injury level was estimated at 12 and 20 midge larvae/spike for a market price of USD $0.27 and USD $0.16/kg, respectively.

Mapping quantitative trait loci controlling agronomic traits in the spring wheat cross RL4452 × 'AC Domain'

Genome ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 870-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
C A McCartney ◽  
D J Somers ◽  
D G Humphreys ◽  
O Lukow ◽  
N Ames ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Relatively little is known about the genetic control of agronomic traits in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) compared with traits that follow Mendelian segregation patterns. A doubled-haploid population was generated from the cross RL4452 × 'AC Domain' to study the inheritance of the agronomic traits: plant height, time to maturity, lodging, grain yield, test weight, and 1000-grain weight. This cross includes the genetics of 2 western Canadian wheat marketing classes. Composite interval mapping was conducted with a microsatellite linkage map, incorporating 369 loci, and phenotypic data from multiple Manitoba environments. The plant height quantitative trait loci (QTLs), QHt.crc-4B and QHt.crc-4D, mapped to the expected locations of Rht-B1 and Rht-D1. These QTLs were responsible for most of the variation in plant height and were associated with other agronomic traits. An additional 25 agronomic QTLs were detected in the RL4452 × 'AC Domain' population beyond those associated with QHt.crc-4B and QHt.crc-4D. 'AC Domain' contributed 4 alleles for early maturity, including a major time to maturity QTL on 7D. RL4452 contributed 2 major alleles for increased grain yield at QYld.crc-2B and QYld.crc-4A, which are potential targets for marker-assisted selection. A key test weight QTL was detected on 3B and prominent 1000-grain weight QTLs were identified on 3D and 4A.Key words: height, lodging, mapping, maturity, microsatellite markers, test weight, 1000-grain weight, Triticum aestivum, wheat, yield.

scholarly journals Identification of quantitative trait loci for agronomic traits contributed by a barley (Hordeum vulgare) Mediterranean landrace

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ridha Boudiar ◽  
Ana M. Casas ◽  
Carlos P. Cantalapiedra ◽  
M. Pilar Gracia ◽  
Ernesto Igartua
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Trait Loci

Some Spanish barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces perform better than modern cultivars at low-production sites. The objective of this study was to identify favourable quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for interesting agronomic traits contributed by the landrace SBCC073. To achieve this objective, a population of 100 BC1F5 lines was derived from the cross between the elite cultivar Orria, with high productivity, and the Spanish landrace SBCC073, which was the best performer in low-production trials. The population was evaluated in field trials for 3 years (2011, 2013, and 2014) in Zaragoza, Spain. The population was genotyped with a DArTseq genotyping-by-sequencing assay. A genetic linkage map was developed by using markers of four flowering-time genes and 1227 single-nucleotide polymorphisms of good quality. The genetic map resulted in 11 linkage groups, covering a total distance of 871.1 cM. Five QTLs for grain yield were detected on 2H.1, 4H, 5H and 6H.2. Alleles from SBCC073 contributed to increased yield in three of them. A region at the end of chromosome 5H contains favourable alleles for early vigour, higher grain yield and earlier flowering, all derived from SBCC073. Alleles from Orria contributed to increasing grain yield and simultaneously to reducing plant height on the same region of 6H.2, and to increasing 1000-kernel weight on chromosomes 3H and 5H.

Influence of soil and N fertilizer on performance of barley and spring wheat cultivars

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 651-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Carr ◽  
J. S. Jacobsen ◽  
G. R. Carlson ◽  
G. A. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Yield Test ◽  
Different Soils

Fields often include several different soils with contrasting chemical and/or physical characteristics which may influence crop performance. Field experiments were conducted (i) to quantify differences in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield, test weight, and protein on contrasting soils within single fields, and (ii) to determine interactions between N fertilizer and spring wheat cultivar performance on several different soils. Twelve barley and twelve wheat cultivars were established in a randomized complete block design on three different soils in a field during 1987. Soils affected grain yield, test weight, and protein of the barley cultivars by as much as 485 kg ha−1, 38 kg m−3, and 16 g kg−1, respectively. Corresponding differences for spring wheat were 456 kg ha−1, 50 kg m−3, and 16 g kg−1. Grain yield of one barley cultivar differed by as much as 966 kg ha−1 across three soils, while wheat grain yield differed by as much as 1271 kg ha−1. Significant soil × cultivar interactions were measured for at least one grain parameter with both crops (P < 0.10). In another experiment conducted nearby in 1987 and 1988, grain yield, test weight, and protein differed by as much as 2217 kg ha−1, 16 kg m−3, and 15 g kg−1, respectively, among soils where different spring wheat cultivars and several rates of N fertilizer were evaluated. Cultivar and N rate significantly influenced grain yield and test weight during both years and protein during 1987. Soil × N rate interactions were highly significant for both yield and protein during 1988, but not for test weight; nor were the soil × N rate interactions significant for any grain parameter during 1987. Soil × cultivar interactions were significant for both test weight and protein during both years, whereas cultivar × N rate interactions were not significant. These data suggest that in some instances soil conditions should influence cultivar recommendations.Key words: Triticum aestivum, Hordeum vulgare, N fertilizer, soil variability

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