scholarly journals Not so sluggish: the success of theFelimare pictacomplex (Gastropoda, Nudibranchia) crossing Atlantic biogeographic barriers

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e1561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico Almada ◽  
André Levy ◽  
Joana I. Robalo
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Ecological Traits ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Demersal Eggs ◽  
The Family ◽  
Planktonic Phase ◽  
Group A ◽  
Paraphyletic Group ◽  
Planktotrophic Larvae ◽  
Independent Species

The molecular phylogeny of the Atlanto-Mediterranean species of the genus Felimare, particularly those attributed to the speciesF. picta, was inferred using two mitochondrial markers (16S and COI). A recent revision of the Chromodorididae clarified the taxonomic relationships at the family level redefiningthe genusFelimare. However, conflicting taxonomic classifications have been proposed for a restrict group of taxa with overlapping morphological characteristics and geographical distributions designated here as theFelimare pictacomplex. Three major groups were identified: one Mediterranean and amphi-Atlantic group; a western Atlantic group and a tropical eastern Atlantic group.F. pictaforms a paraphyletic group since some subspecies are more closely related with taxa traditionaly classified as independent species (e.g.F. zebra) than with other subspecies with allopatric distributions (e.g.F. picta pictaandF. picta tema). Usually, nudibranchs have adhesive demersal eggs, short planktonic larval phases and low mobility as adults unless rafting on floating materials occurs. Surprisingly however, the phylogeny of theF. pictacomplex suggests that they successfully cross main Atlantic biogeographic barriers including the mid-Atlantic barrier. This ability to cross different biogeographic barriers may be related toF. picta’s distinct life history and ecological traits. Compared to other ChromodorididaeF. pictahas larger eggs and planktotrophic larvae which could be related to a longer planktonic phase.

scholarly journals Not so sluggish: the success of the Felimare picta complex (Gastropoda, Nudibranchia) crossing Atlantic biogeographic barriers

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico Almada ◽  
André Levy ◽  
Joana I Robalo
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Mediterranean Species ◽  
Ecological Traits ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Demersal Eggs ◽  
The Family ◽  
Group A ◽  
Paraphyletic Group ◽  
Planktotrophic Larvae ◽  
Independent Species

The molecular phylogeny of the Atlanto-Mediterranean species of the genus Felimare, particularly those attributed to the species F. picta, was inferred using two mitochondrial markers (16S and COI). A recent revision of the Chromodorididae clarified the taxonomic relationships at the family level reclassifying all eastern Pacific, Atlantic and Mediterranean species of the genus Hypselodoris and two species of the genus Mexichromis, within the genus Felimare. However, conflicting taxonomic classifications have been proposed for a group with overlapping morphological characteristics and geographical distributions designated here as the Felimare picta complex. Three major groups were identified: one Mediterranean and amphi-Atlantic group; a western Atlantic group and a tropical eastern Atlantic group. F. picta forms a paraphyletic group since some subspecies are more closely related with taxa traditionaly classified as independent species (e.g. F. zebra) than with other subspecies with allopatric distributions (e.g. F. picta picta and F. picta tema). Usually, nudibranchs have adhesive demersal eggs, short planktonic larval phases and low mobility as adults unless rafting on floating materials occurs. However, the phylogeny of the F. picta complex suggests they had an unusual success crossing main Atlantic biogeographic barriers including the mid-Atlantic barrier. This ability to cross different biogeographic barriers may be related with F. picta distinct life history and ecological traits. Compared to other Chromodorididae F. picta presents large eggs and planktotrophic larvae which could be related with a longer planktonic phase.

scholarly journals Not so sluggish: the success of the Felimare picta complex (Gastropoda, Nudibranchia) crossing Atlantic biogeographic barriers

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico Almada ◽  
André Levy ◽  
Joana I Robalo
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Mediterranean Species ◽  
Ecological Traits ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Demersal Eggs ◽  
The Family ◽  
Group A ◽  
Paraphyletic Group ◽  
Planktotrophic Larvae ◽  
Independent Species

The molecular phylogeny of the Atlanto-Mediterranean species of the genus Felimare, particularly those attributed to the species F. picta, was inferred using two mitochondrial markers (16S and COI). A recent revision of the Chromodorididae clarified the taxonomic relationships at the family level reclassifying all eastern Pacific, Atlantic and Mediterranean species of the genus Hypselodoris and two species of the genus Mexichromis, within the genus Felimare. However, conflicting taxonomic classifications have been proposed for a group with overlapping morphological characteristics and geographical distributions designated here as the Felimare picta complex. Three major groups were identified: one Mediterranean and amphi-Atlantic group; a western Atlantic group and a tropical eastern Atlantic group. F. picta forms a paraphyletic group since some subspecies are more closely related with taxa traditionaly classified as independent species (e.g. F. zebra) than with other subspecies with allopatric distributions (e.g. F. picta picta and F. picta tema). Usually, nudibranchs have adhesive demersal eggs, short planktonic larval phases and low mobility as adults unless rafting on floating materials occurs. However, the phylogeny of the F. picta complex suggests they had an unusual success crossing main Atlantic biogeographic barriers including the mid-Atlantic barrier. This ability to cross different biogeographic barriers may be related with F. picta distinct life history and ecological traits. Compared to other Chromodorididae F. picta presents large eggs and planktotrophic larvae which could be related with a longer planktonic phase.

Redescription of Orthopristis ruber and Orthopristis scapularis (Haemulidae: Perciformes), with a hybridization zone off the Atlantic coast of South America

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4576 (1) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDRE PIRES MARCENIUK ◽  
RODRIGO ANTUNES CAIRES ◽  
LEONARDO MACHADO ◽  
NAJILA NOLIE CATARINE DANTAS CERQUEIRA ◽  
RAYLA ROBERTA M. DE S. SERRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Coloration Patterns

The genus Orthopristis includes seven valid species, three from the western Atlantic and five from eastern Pacific, while the available identification guides and taxonomic keys incorrectly recognize Orthopristis ruber as the only valid species found on the Atlantic coast of South America. Efforts to expand the inventory of fish species from the northern coast of Brazil led to the identification of two distinct species of Orthopristis from Atlantic South America, based on the analysis of coloration patterns and meristic data, as well as DNA. In the present study, the limits of Orthopristis ruber are reviewed, while Orthopristis scapularis is recognized as a valid species for the northern and northeastern coasts of South America. Based on intermediate morphological characteristics and nuclear DNA markers, a hybrid zone was identified off the state of Espírito Santo, on the eastern Brazilian coast. Additionally, considerations are made on the diversity and biogeography of the coastal marine and estuarine fishes found on the Brazilian coast. 

scholarly journals A systematic revision of Capparaceae and Cleomaceae in Egypt: an evaluation of the generic delimitations of Capparis and Cleome using ecological and genetic diversity

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abd. S. El zayat ◽  
Mahmoud El Sayd Ali ◽  
Mohamed Hamdy Amar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Polymorphic Markers ◽  
Ecological Distribution ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Dna Evidence ◽  
The Family

Abstract Background The Capparaceae family is commonly recognized as a caper, while Cleomaceae represents one of small flowering family within the order Brassicales. Earlier, Cleomaceae was included in the family Capparaceae; then, it was moved to a distinct family after DNA evidence. Variation in habits and a bewildering array of floral and fruit forms contributed to making Capparaceae a “trash-basket” family in which many unrelated plants were placed. Indeed, family Capparaceae and Cleomaceae are in clear need of more detailed systematic revision. Results Here, in the present study, the morphological characteristics and the ecological distribution as well as the genetic diversity analysis among the twelve species of both Capparaceae and Cleomaceae have been determined. The genetic analysis has been checked using 15 ISSR, 30 SRAP, and 18 ISTR to assess the systematic knots between the two families. In order to detect the molecular phylogeny, a comparative analysis of the three markers was performed based on the exposure of discriminating capacity, efficiency, and phylogenetic heatmap. Our results indicated that there is a morphological and ecological variation between the two families. Moreover, the molecular analysis confirmed that ISTR followed by SRAP markers has superior discriminating capacity for describing the genetic diversity and is able to simultaneously distinguish many polymorphic markers per reaction. Indeed, both the PCA and HCA data have drawn a successful annotation relationship in Capparaceae and Cleome species to evaluate whether the specific group sort individual or overlap groups. Conclusion The outcomes of the morphological and ecological characterization along with the genetic diversity indicated an insight solution thorny interspecies in Cleome and Gynandropsis genera as a distinct family (Cleomaceae) and the other genera (Capparis, Cadaba, Boscia, and Maerua) as Capparaceae. Finally, we recommended further studies to elucidate the systematic position of Dipterygium glaucum.

Larval development of Metapenaeopsis barbata (de Haan, 1844) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Penaeidae)

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse D. Ronquillo ◽  
Toshio Saisho
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Feeding Apparatus ◽  
Filter Feeder ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Chaetoceros Gracilis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Gravid Females ◽  
Natural Means

Gravid females of Metapenaeopsis barbata spawned in the laboratory by natural means and the larvae were reared from hatching to postlarval stage at 27·0–29·8˚C and 33·5–34·5 g kg -1 salinity. The larvae metamorphosed into first postlarvae, with a survival rate of up to 98·4%, after about 10 days following hatching and subsistence on only an algal diet of Tetraselmis tetrathele and Chaetoceros gracilis. Six naupliar stages, three protozoeal stages, three mysis stages and the first postlarval stage are described and illustrated. On the basis of morphological characteristics, larval stages of M. barbata can be distinguished from similar stages of closely related species in the family Penaeidae. As inferred from the morphology of the larval feeding apparatus, M. barbata is still a filter-feeder even at the first postlarval stage.

scholarly journals Analysis of Morphological Features and Flavonoid Compositions of Crabapple Exposed to 60Coγ Radiation Treatments

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Yanfen LU ◽  
Suxiao HAO ◽  
Hui GENG ◽  
Yuncong YAO
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Aflp Analysis ◽  
Germplasm Resources ◽  
Dna Diversity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rosaceae Family ◽  
Flavonoid Composition ◽  
Radiation Treatments

Flavonoids are important secondary metabolites, whose content and composition such as anthocyanin and flavonol have been associated with fruit quality and affect fruit coloration. Crabapple (Malus spp.), with rich color and nutritive value, belongs to the family M. genus of the Rosaceae family, and it is widely used in landscape for its rich flavonoid compositions. Radiation mutagenesis breeding may increase the gene mutation frequency and enhance diversity of species, so it is a predominant approach for plant germplasm innovation. However, the changes of crabapple morphological characteristics and flavonoid compositions by radiation are not clear. In this study, we employed 60Coγ radiation to M.cv. ‘Royalty’ crabapple, and then surveyed the changes of leaves and flowers in the growth and morphology traits, color parameters, flavonoid composition, and the genetic diversity. The result found that 60Coγ radiation decreased plant height, stem diameter and leaf and flower areas. And it promoted the flavonoids accumulation in leaves, but inhibited that in flowers. Additionally, 60Coγ radiation improved DNA diversity. W60-7, W40-2 and W40-5 plants showed clear phenotypic variation by AFLP analysis. These results provide evidence that mutagenesis breeding may change the morphological features and flavonoid compositions, and expand crabapple germplasm resources and improve its application value. 

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Analysis of Wing Feather Taxis in Birds: Macroevolutionary Patterns of Genetic Drift?

The Auk ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 943-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly S. Bostwick ◽  
Matthew J. Brady
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Drift ◽  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Character Evolution ◽  
Adaptive Function ◽  
Ecological Traits ◽  
Wing Feather ◽  
The Family ◽  
Tree Length ◽  
Preliminary Consideration ◽  
Selective Regime

Abstract Most recent research on character evolution attempts to identify either (1) homology or homoplasy (systematic use of the term character), or (2) the adaptive function or selective regime underlying the origin of a character (“adaptationist” use of the term character). There have been relatively few serious considerations or examples of neutral character evolution above the molecular level. Wing feather taxis in birds, the presence or absence of the fifth secondary feather, provides an intriguing possible example of nonadaptive character evolution. We examine the phylogenetic pattern of wing feather taxis among birds to (1) determine its polarity in modern birds (Neornithes), (2) hypothesize the frequency and taxonomic locations of changes in the taxic state, (3) test whether taxis is relatively labile or inert phylogenetically, and (4) allow preliminary consideration of whether adaptive or selectively neutral processes have produced those patterns. Minimum tree length necessary to explain the distribution of wing feather taxis was calculated at the family level using Sibley and Ahlquist's DNA–DNA hybridization tree (1990). Parsimony analysis indicates that the eutaxic condition (fifth secondary present) is ancestral in modern birds, and that diastataxy (fifth secondary absent) has originated independently at least 7 times and reversed to the eutaxic condition on at least 13 occasions within modern birds. Despite multiple independent origins and reversals, wing feather taxis is extremely conserved throughout the tree, such that one or the other state completely characterizes many large multiordinal or multifamilial clades. Lack of obvious correlations with morphological and ecological traits suggest that no single adaptive scenario will explain the evolution of wing feather taxis. Instead, the biological details and phylogenetic patterns make nonadaptive, or selectively neutral evolutionary processes, such as genetic drift, an equally if not more plausible explanation for the distribution of wing feather taxis.

scholarly journals REVISIÓN TAXONÓMICA DE LA FAMILIA ANTENNARIIDAE PARA COLOMBIA (PISCES: LOPHIIFORMES), INCLUYENDO UN NUEVO REGISTRO DE ANTENNARIUS

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luz M. Mejía Ladino ◽  
Arturo Acero P. ◽  
Luz S. Mejía M. ◽  
Andrea Polanco F.
Keyword(s):  
Common Species ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Caribbean

The family Antennariidae is represented by two genera (Antennarius and Histrio) and seven species in the Western Atlantic, and by two genera (Antennarius and Antennatus) and five species in the Eastern Pacific. All the species are known from Colombian waters, with the exception of Antenanrius coccineus. In this study we review the family Antenariidae in Colombia, based on the examination of 51 specimens. Antennarius radiosus is first recorded from the Colombian Caribbean, based on two specimens collected with trawls at 20 m depth in Buritaca (Magdalena) and Isla Fuerte (Córdoba). Antennarius radiosus, Antennarius bermudensis, Antennarius multiocellatus, Antennarius ocellatus and Antennarius pauciradiatus are restricted to the Western Atlantic. The most common species found in Colombian seas are Antennarius striatus in the Caribbean and Antennarius avalonis in the Pacific. Histrio histrio is the only species with an almost circumglobal distribution. A key to identify antenariid fishes from Colombia is provided.

scholarly journals First record of intersexuality in Porcellana platycheles (Pennant, 1777) (Decapoda: Anomura: Porcellanidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 606-610
Author(s):  
Luciane Ferreira ◽  
Guillermo Guzmán
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
First Record ◽  
Genetic Variations ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Family

This paper reports the first record of intersexuality from Porcellana platycheles, a member of the family Porcellanidae. Intersex individuals were identified by the presence of both pairs of genital openings on the coxae of the third and fifth pereiopods respectively, and by morphological characteristics of the abdomen and pleopods. The low occurrence of this condition suggests that intersexuality is due to genetic variations in the population rather than other possible causes of intersexuality previously reported in other decapods.

A new genus of the family Jaculinidae (Cheilostomata, Bryozoa) from the Miocene of the tropical western Atlantic

Zootaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3838 (1) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAMIL ZÁGORŠEK ◽  
LAÍS V. RAMALHO ◽  
BJÖRN BERNING ◽  
VLADIMIR DE ARAÚJO TÁVORA
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
The Family
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