scholarly journals Evaluation of the validity of the Psychology Experiment Building Language tests of vigilance, auditory memory, and decision making

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Piper ◽  
Shane T. Mueller ◽  
Sara Talebzadeh ◽  
Min Jung Ki
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Auditory Memory ◽  
Computerized Testing ◽  
Language Tests

Background.The Psychology Experimental Building Language (PEBL) test battery (http://pebl.sourceforge.net/) is a popular application for neurobehavioral investigations. This study evaluated the correspondence between the PEBL and the non-PEBL versions of four executive function tests.Methods.In one cohort, young-adults (N= 44) completed both the Conner’s Continuous Performance Test (CCPT) and the PEBL CPT (PCPT) with the order counter-balanced. In a second cohort, participants (N= 47) completed a non-computerized (Wechsler) and a computerized (PEBL) Digit Span (WDS orPDS) both Forward and Backward. Participants also completed the Psychological Assessment Resources or the PEBL versions of the Iowa Gambling Task (PARIGT orPEBLIGT).Results. The between-test correlations were moderately high (reaction timer= 0.78, omission errorsr= 0.65, commission errorsr= 0.66) on the CPT. DS Forward was significantly greater than DS Backward on theWDS (p< .0005) and thePDS (p< .0005). The totalWDS score was moderately correlated with thePDS (r= 0.56). ThePARIGT and thePEBLIGTs showed a very similar pattern for response times across blocks, development of preference for Advantageous over Disadvantageous Decks, and Deck selections. However, the amount of money earned (score–loan) was significantly higher in thePEBLIGT during the last Block.Conclusions. These findings are broadly supportive of the criterion validity of the PEBL measures of sustained attention, short-term memory, and decision making. Select differences between workalike versions of the same test highlight how detailed aspects of implementation may have more important consequences for computerized testing than has been previously acknowledged.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the validity of the Psychology Experiment Building Language tests of vigilance, auditory memory, and decision making

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Piper ◽  
Shane T Mueller ◽  
Sara Talebzadeh ◽  
Min Jung Ki
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Auditory Memory ◽  
Computerized Testing ◽  
Language Tests

Background. The Psychology Experimental Building Language (PEBL) http://pebl.sourceforge.net/ test battery is a popular application for neurobehavioral investigations. This study evaluated the correspondence between the PEBL and the non-PEBL versions of four executive function tests. Methods. In one cohort, young-adults (N = 44) completed both the Conner’s Continuous Performance Test (CCPT) and the PEBL CPT (PCPT) with the order counter-balanced. In a second cohort, participants (N = 47) completed a non-computerized (Wechsler) and a computerized (PEBL) Digit Span (WDS or PDS) both Forward and Backward. Participants also completed the Psychological Assessment Resources or the PEBL versions of the Iowa Gambling Task (PARIGT or PEBLIGT). Results. The between test correlations were moderately high (reaction time r = 0.78, omission errors r = 0.65, commission errors r = 0.66) on the CPT. DS Forward was significantly greater than DS Backward independent of the test modality. The total WDS score was moderately correlated with the PDS (r = 0.56). The PARIGT and the PEBLIGTs showed a very similar pattern for response times across blocks, development of preference for Advantageous over Disadvantageous Decks, and Deck selections. However, the amount of money earned (score – loan) was significantly higher in the PEBLIGT during the last Block. Conclusions. These findings are broadly supportive of the criterion validity of the PEBL measures of sustained attention, short-term memory, and decision making. Select differences between workalike versions of the same test highlight how detailed aspects of implementation may have more important consequences for computerized testing than has been previously acknowledged.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the validity of the Psychology Experiment Building Language tests of vigilance, auditory memory, and decision making

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Piper ◽  
Shane T Mueller ◽  
Sara Talebzadeh ◽  
Min Jung Ki
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Auditory Memory ◽  
Computerized Testing ◽  
Language Tests

Background. The Psychology Experimental Building Language (PEBL) http://pebl.sourceforge.net/ test battery is a popular application for neurobehavioral investigations. This study evaluated the correspondence between the PEBL and the non-PEBL versions of four executive function tests. Methods. In one cohort, young-adults (N = 44) completed both the Conner’s Continuous Performance Test (CCPT) and the PEBL CPT (PCPT) with the order counter-balanced. In a second cohort, participants (N = 47) completed a non-computerized (Wechsler) and a computerized (PEBL) Digit Span (WDS or PDS) both Forward and Backward. Participants also completed the Psychological Assessment Resources or the PEBL versions of the Iowa Gambling Task (PARIGT or PEBLIGT). Results. The between test correlations were moderately high (reaction time r = 0.78, omission errors r = 0.65, commission errors r = 0.66) on the CPT. DS Forward was significantly greater than DS Backward independent of the test modality. The total WDS score was moderately correlated with the PDS (r = 0.56). The PARIGT and the PEBLIGTs showed a very similar pattern for response times across blocks, development of preference for Advantageous over Disadvantageous Decks, and Deck selections. However, the amount of money earned (score – loan) was significantly higher in the PEBLIGT during the last Block. Conclusions. These findings are broadly supportive of the criterion validity of the PEBL measures of sustained attention, short-term memory, and decision making. Select differences between workalike versions of the same test highlight how detailed aspects of implementation may have more important consequences for computerized testing than has been previously acknowledged.

Cognitive Correlates of Math Performance in School-Aged Children with Sickle Cell Disease and Silent Cerebral Infarcts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel K Peterson ◽  
Suzan Williams ◽  
Laura Janzen
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Continuous Performance ◽  
Parent Ratings ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Math Fluency ◽  
Math Difficulties

Abstract Objective Attention, processing speed, executive functioning, and math difficulties are common in youth with sickle cell disease (SCD) with silent cerebral infarcts (SCI). This study investigated the cognitive underpinnings of math difficulties in children with SCD and SCI. Method Youth (n = 68) with SCD and SCI completed measures of attention [Digit Span forward (DSF); Conners Continuous Performance Test-Third Edition/Kiddie Conners Continuous Performance Test-Second Edition (CPT-3/KCPT-2)]; working memory [Wechsler Intelligence Scales (WPPSI-IV, WISC-IV, WISC-V, WAIS-IV), Working Memory Index (WMI), Digit Span backwards (DSB)]; processing speed [WPPSI-IV, WISC-IV, WISC-V, WAIS-IV Processing Speed Index (PSI)]; math reasoning [Wechsler Individual Achievement Test-Third Edition (WIAT-III) Mathematics composite (MC)]; and math fluency [WIAT-III Math Fluency composite (MF)] as part of a clinical neuropsychological evaluation. Parent ratings of attention and executive functioning were obtained [Behavior Assessment System for Children-Third Edition (BASC-3), Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF)]. Results MC was positively correlated with WMI (r = 0.59, p = 0.00), PSI (r = 0.40, p &lt; 0.001), DSF (r = 0.29, p = 0.03), DSB (r = 0.47, p &lt; 0.001), and MF (r = 0.71, p &lt; 0.001). Correlations between MC, sustained attention, and parent ratings were nonsignificant. The linear regression model using correlated variables was significant [F(4,51) = 8.29, R2 = 0.39, p &lt; 0.001]. WMI was the only significant variable within the model (p = 0.02). Conclusions Working memory deficits account for significant variance in untimed mathematical performance in this population—consistent with other populations with white matter dysfunction. Interventions targeting both mathematics and working memory may be beneficial.

scholarly journals A-09 Attention in individuals with Heroin dependence measured by digit span versus continuous performance test

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 868-868
Author(s):  
S Sarkissians ◽  
A Hauson ◽  
N Stelmach ◽  
A Walker ◽  
A Pollard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effect Size ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Neuropsychological Functioning ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Heroin Dependence ◽  
Continuous Performance ◽  
Axis I

Abstract Objective Heroin dependent individuals appear to have significant deficits in attention which can be assessed using digit span forward (DSF) or the continuous performance test (CPT). The current meta-analysis examined differences between DSF and CPT results in studies of heroin dependent participants. Data selection Two researchers independently searched nine databases (e.g., PsycINFO, Pubmed, ProceedingsFirst), extracted required data, and calculated effect sizes. Inclusion criteria identified studies that had (a) compared heroin-dependent groups to healthy controls and (b) matched groups on either age, education, or IQ (at least 2 out of 3). Studies were excluded if participants were reported to have Axis I diagnoses (other than heroin dependence) or comorbidities known to impact neuropsychological functioning. Ten articles were coded and analyzed for the current study. Data synthesis When examined together, DSF and CPT evidenced a moderate and statistically significant effect size estimate (g = 0.614, p = .002). Subgroup analysis did not reveal statistically significant differences between the two groups (Q-Between = 0.228, p = 0.633). The effect size for DSF was g = 0.535 (p = 0.001) and for CPT was g = 0.774 (p = 0.104). The heterogeneity of DSF was in the moderate range, I2 = 71.291%, p = 0.002 while the heterogeneity of CPT was in the large range I2 = 97.863%, p = 0.001. Conclusion Heroin dependent individuals appear to demonstrate similarly poor performance on DSF and CPT. Assuming that both tests measure the same construct, both appear to be sensitive to the effect of Heroin on attention.

The Memory and Attention Test (MAT), an Adaptive, Computer-based Performance Test: Evaluation in Dementia, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Control Subjects

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
G. Adler ◽  
M. Bektas ◽  
P. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Computerized Testing ◽  
Memory And Attention ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
And Control

The Memory and Attention Test (MAT), a newly developed, adaptive, computer-based performance test was evaluated in a mixed group of patients with Alzheimer's dementia, subjects with mild cognitive impairment and control subjects at ages from 60 to 89 years.By means of the MAT, working memory and short-term memory are assessed in the verbal, figural and episodic domains by means of six independent tests individually adjusted to the subjects level of performance on the basis of intermediate results. Sustained attention is also assessed.For evaluation purposes, well established tests for the respective memory domains were applied. They were the Auditory Verbal and Learning Test (AVLT), the Benton Test, the delayed reproduction of the Taylor Figure, the subtests working memory and logical memory of the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) and the Alterskonzentrationstest (AKT), a test analogous to the d2 test, especially suited and standardized for older subjects. Acceptance of the MAT was assessed by means of a questionnaire developed for this purpose.Computerized testing was commonly well accepted by the subjects. There were highly significant positive correlations between performance in the MAT domains and performance in the respective reference assessments. Thus, the MAT may be a useful diagnostic tool for the assessment of dementia patients. It may be applied for early diagnosis, assessment of progression of disease and demonstration of treatment effects, particularly for disease-modifying treatments in Alzheimer's disease. Standardization relating to age and and education as well as the provision of versions in various languages are under way.

scholarly journals Efficacy of a Continuous Performance Test Based on Virtual Reality in the Diagnosis of ADHD and Its Clinical Presentations

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1081-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Areces ◽  
Celestino Rodríguez ◽  
Trinidad García ◽  
Marisol Cueli ◽  
Paloma González-Castro
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Continuous Performance ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Clinical Presentations

Objective: To analyze the diagnostic effectiveness of the AULA Nesplora test to discriminate the different ADHD presentations: impulsive/hyperactive (I/H), inattentive, and combined.Method: A total of 117 students (76.9% male and 23.1% female) between 5 and 16 years of age ( M = 11.18 years, SD = 3.10 years) participated, and were divided into three groups with ADHD according to their presentation, and a control group. Results: Each of the test conditions allowed the discrimination between the I/H and combined presentations with respect to the control group, and between the I/H and inattentive presentations. However, differences among ADHD presentations were only evident when the results were separately analyzed for the visual and auditory modalities. Conclusion: This study showed that the indicators offered by the AULA Nesplora test (omissions, commissions, response times, and motor activity) make it possible to establish a differential diagnosis of ADHD presentations when analyzed under different contextual conditions.

scholarly journals Cognitive Function in Nigerians with Newly Diagnosed Epilepsy

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olubunmi Ogunrin ◽  
B. Adamolekun ◽  
A. O. Ogunniyi ◽  
A. P. Aldenkamp
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Attention And Memory ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
Cognitive Disturbances ◽  
History Of Epilepsy

ABSTRACT:Objective:The objective of this study was to evaluate the pattern of cognitive disturbances in Nigerian Africans with newly diagnosed epilepsy, prior to onset of drug therapy.Methods:A total of 60 consecutive patients (mean age 31.6 ± 17.4, range 14 - 55 years) presenting with a clinical diagnosis of epilepsy were recruited for the study. Sixty healthy volunteers without a history of epilepsy and who were age-, sex- and level of education matched with the epileptic patients, were recruited as controls. The administration of cognitive tests was done with the FePsy computerized neuropsychological test battery. The tests administered were the visual and auditory reaction times, the continuous performance test and the recognition memory tests to assess mental speed, attention and memory respectively. The means of the cognitive performances of the epileptic patients and controls were statistically compared.Results:Epileptic patients performed worse than the controls across the spectrum of cognitive tasks assessed (P = 0.00001; P < 0.025), with the exception of the β parameter (response bias) of the vigilance test (P = 0.488; P> 0.025).Conclusions:The cognitive impairments of short-term memory, psychomotor speed and sustained attention observed in this study are similar to those reported in the literature for patients with epilepsy. The results of this study will be useful in the counseling of patients on their educational, social and vocational needs.

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