scholarly journals A biofilter for treating toluene vapors: performance evaluation and microbial counts behavior

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazhong Zhu ◽  
Shunyi Li ◽  
Yimeng Luo ◽  
Hongye Ma ◽  
Yan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Loading Rate ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Elimination Capacity ◽  
Packing Materials ◽  
Microbial Counts ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production Rate ◽  
Maximum Elimination Capacity ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Air Streams

A lab-scale biofilter packed with mixed packing materials was used for degradation of the toluene. Different empty bed residence times, 148.3, 74.2 and 49.4 s, were tested for inlet concentration ranging from 0.2 to 1.2 g/m3. The maximum elimination capacity of 36.0 g/(m3h) occurred at an inlet loading rate of 45.9 g/(m3h). The contribution of the lower layer was higher than other layers and always had the highest elimination capacity. The carbon dioxide production rate and distribution of micro-organisms followed toluene elimination capacities. The results of this study indicated that mixed packing materials could be considered as a potential biofilter carrier, with low pressure drop (less than 84.9 Pa/m), for treating air streams containing VOCs.

scholarly journals Biofilter for treating toluene vapors: Performance evaluation and microbial counts behavior

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazhong Zhu ◽  
Shunyi Li ◽  
Yimeng Luo ◽  
Hongye Ma ◽  
Yan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Elimination Capacity ◽  
Packing Materials ◽  
Microbial Counts ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentrations ◽  
Maximum Elimination Capacity ◽  
Air Streams

A lab-scale biofilter packed with mixed packing materials was used for degradation of the toluene. Three gas flow rates, i.e. 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 m3/h, were tested for inlet concentration ranging from 0.2 to 1.2 g/m3. Removal efficiencies ranging from 45.6 to 97.3% and elimination capacities ranging from 4.95 to 61.07 g/(m3 h) were observed depending on the inlet loading rates. Maximum elimination capacity of 35.95 g/(m3 h) occurred at inlet loading rate of 45.87 g/(m3 h). The lowest layer always had highest elimination capacity. Carbon dioxide concentrations and the microbial cell counts for bio-degraders followed toluene elimination capacities. Results of this study indicated that mixed packing materials could be considered as a potential biofilter carrier, with low pressure drop (less than 84.9 Pa/m), for treating air streams containing VOCs.

scholarly journals Biofilter for treating toluene vapors: Performance evaluation and microbial counts behavior

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazhong Zhu ◽  
Shunyi Li ◽  
Yimeng Luo ◽  
Hongye Ma ◽  
Yan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Elimination Capacity ◽  
Packing Materials ◽  
Microbial Counts ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentrations ◽  
Maximum Elimination Capacity ◽  
Air Streams

A lab-scale biofilter packed with mixed packing materials was used for degradation of the toluene. Three gas flow rates, i.e. 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 m3/h, were tested for inlet concentration ranging from 0.2 to 1.2 g/m3. Removal efficiencies ranging from 45.6 to 97.3% and elimination capacities ranging from 4.95 to 61.07 g/(m3 h) were observed depending on the inlet loading rates. Maximum elimination capacity of 35.95 g/(m3 h) occurred at inlet loading rate of 45.87 g/(m3 h). The lowest layer always had highest elimination capacity. Carbon dioxide concentrations and the microbial cell counts for bio-degraders followed toluene elimination capacities. Results of this study indicated that mixed packing materials could be considered as a potential biofilter carrier, with low pressure drop (less than 84.9 Pa/m), for treating air streams containing VOCs.

Treatment of air polluted with methanol vapours in biofilters with and without percolationThis article is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue on Biological Air Treatment.

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 1911-1918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Avalos Ramirez ◽  
Sandrine Bénard ◽  
Anne Giroir-Fendler ◽  
J. Peter Jones ◽  
Michèle Heitz
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Elimination Capacity ◽  
Biotrickling Filter ◽  
Filter Performance ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production Rate ◽  
Maximum Elimination Capacity

Air polluted with methanol vapours was treated in a biofilter and a biotrickling filter, both packed with inert materials. The effects of the nitrogen concentration present in the nutrient solution, the empty bed residence time, and the methanol inlet load, on the biofilter and biotrickling filter performance were all examined and compared. The elimination capacity, the biomass and the carbon dioxide production rates all increased with the increase of the parameters tested. The maximum elimination capacity for the biotrickling filter was 240 g·m–3·h–1 with corresponding removal efficiency of 75% and carbon dioxide production rate of 10 g·m–3·h–1, whereas the maximum elimination capacity for the biofilter was 80 g·m–3·h–1 with corresponding removal efficiency of 35% and carbon dioxide production rate of 70 g·m–3·h–1. The biomass production rate was similar for both the biofilter and the biotrickling filter. The carbon dioxide production rate was higher by a factor of 2 to 9 for the biofilter compared to the biotrickling filter.

scholarly journals Performance evaluation and kinetic studies on removal of benzene in up-flow tree bark based biofilter

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajamohan Natarajan ◽  
Al-Sinani Jamila ◽  
Saravanan Viswanathan
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Elimination Capacity ◽  
Tree Bark ◽  
Type Model ◽  
Tree Barks ◽  
Benzene Concentration ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production Rate

This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of Phoenix dactylifera tree barks as the novel filter medium in an up flow biofilter employing mixed culture to degrade benzene. The experiments were conducted at different benzene concentrations (1.5 - 6.0 g.m-3) and EBRT (1.2- 4.7 min).The elimination capacity was found to vary linearly with inlet loading rate in the range of 0-306 g.m-3h-1. Removal efficiency of 99% was achieved when the benzene concentration was 1.5 g.m-3and decreased with increase in benzene concentration. Lower flow rates resulted in higher benzene removal efficiency. The concentration profile was observed at different heights of filter media. Temperature increase during biofiltration experiments confirmed the exothermic nature of biofiltration. The carbon dioxide production rate was related to elimination capacity by the equation CPR= 1.76EC+18. A Michaelis-Menten type model was applied and the kinetic constants, maximum elimination capacity ECmax, and saturation constant Ks, were found to be 217.4 g.m-3h-1 and 3.54 g.m-3 respectively.

Performance of Fuel Cell and Engine Based Cogeneration Systems in Heating and Cooling Applications

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory J. Kowalski ◽  
Mansour Zenouzi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Thermal Load ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Thermodynamic System ◽  
Order System ◽  
Environment Impact ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production Rate

A generalized thermodynamic model is developed to describe cooling, heating and power generating systems. This model is based on reversible power generation and refrigeration devices with practical, irreversible heat exchanger processes provides valuable information on a system’s performance and allows easy comparisons among different systems at different loading conditions. Using both the first and second laws as well as the carbon dioxide production rate allows one to make a first order system assessment on its energy usage and environment impact. The use of the exergy destruction rate and insuring that its behavior be consistent with that of the first law performance is a important to insure that the thermodynamic system boundaries are correctly and completely defined. The importance of the total thermal load to required power ratio (HLRP) as a scaling parameter is demonstrated. While the reported results confirmed that generalized trends are not possible identify, a number of trends for limited conditions have been identified. The results have shown that a combined vapor compression/absorption refrigeration has higher first law utilization factors and lower carbon dioxide production rate for system with higher refrigeration to total thermal load ratios for all HLRP values. Fuel cell based subsystems outperform engine based subsystems for systems with large refrigeration loads.

THE AEROBIC DECOMPOSITION OF GLUCOSE IN PODSOL SOILS

1939 ◽  
Vol 17c (4) ◽  
pp. 109-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. H. Gray ◽  
C. B. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Food Material ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Aerobic Decomposition ◽  
Micro Organisms

The decomposition of glucose in samples from cultivated podsol soils of the Appalachian upland region of Quebec Province was effected rapidly by aerobic micro-organisms without the aid of added nitrogen. Potassium nitrate stimulated the rate of carbon dioxide production from glucose added to soil; the rate increased chiefly during the early stages while glucose was still present, and bacterial numbers were rising. Fungi developed high numbers later than the bacteria; they developed especially in soil to which glycine was added with the glucose. Biological activity was stimulated in soils in which glucose had previously been decomposed. The decomposition of the glucose appears to release other sources of available food material.

Potassium as a respiratory signal in humans

1990 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1799-1803 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Newstead ◽  
G. C. Donaldson ◽  
J. R. Sneyd
Keyword(s):  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipients ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Respiratory Signal ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production Rate ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Resting Muscle

Six renal transplant recipients underwent a series of incremental exercise experiments. Minute ventilation (VE), carbon dioxide production rate (VCO2), and arterial blood chemistry were measured at rest and while subjects exercised on a stationary bicycle. Four of the subjects performed a similar experiment while exercising on a static rowing machine. Within each subject, arterial potassium concentration ([K+]a) was linearly related to VCO2 and VE during exercise. The slope of the relationship between [K+]a and VCO2 was similar in the cycling and rowing experiments. This implies that the absorption of potassium by resting muscle does not significantly limit the arterial hyperkalemia seen during exercise. When VE, VCO2, and [K+]a were measured 1 and 5 min after the end of cycling there was no correlation, whereas VE continued to be closely correlated with VCO2. The relationship demonstrated between change in [K+]a and VCO2 in these experiments is compatible with change of [K+]a acting as a respiratory signal during exercise but not during recovery from exercise in humans.

scholarly journals Removal of ammonia emissions from waste air in a biotrickling filter: pilot-scale demonstration in real conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1049-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luboš Zápotocký ◽  
Marek Šváb
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Elimination Capacity ◽  
Biotrickling Filter ◽  
Ammonia Emissions ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
First Case ◽  
Mass Load ◽  
Waste Air ◽  
Micro Organisms

AbstractThis study was aimed at testing the possibility of using a biotrickling filter for the treatment of waste air resulting from animal farming. For this purpose, a laboratory and pilot biotrickling filter with a moving bed were constructed. In the first case, the removal of ammonia emissions from waste air, by means of ammonia nitrogen utilization by present micro-organisms under laboratory conditions, was tested. The mass load of the biotrickling filter was gradually increased by slowly increasing the ammonia concentration. In the second case, the pilot biotrickling filter with a moving bed was installed inside a pig farm and it was tested under real operation conditions. In the first case, the highest value of the laboratory biotrickling filter’s elimination capacity was 6.2 gNH3 m−3 of filling h−1. The elimination capacity of the pilot filter was 1.6 gNH3 m−3 of filling h−1. The source of carbon for the present micro-organisms was a 1% sucrose solution, which simulated waste water with high content of CODCR. [

scholarly journals Genetic variance and covariance components for carbon dioxide production and postweaning traits in Angus cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kath A Donoghue ◽  
Tracie Bird-Gardiner ◽  
Robert M Herd ◽  
Roger S Hegarty ◽  
Paul F Arthur
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Respiration Chamber ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
Methane Production Rate ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production Rate ◽  
Variance And Covariance Components

Abstract This experiment investigated phenotypic and genetic relationships between carbon dioxide production, methane emission, feed intake, and postweaning traits in Angus cattle. Respiration chamber data on 1096 young bulls and heifers from 2 performance recording research herds of Angus cattle were analyzed to provide phenotypic and genetic parameters for carbon dioxide production rate (CPR; n = 425, mean 3,010 ± SD 589 g/d) and methane production rate (MPR; n = 1,096, mean 132.8 ± SD 25.2 g/d) and their relationships with dry matter intake (DMI; n = 1,096, mean 6.15 ± SD 1.33 kg/d), body weight (BW) and body composition traits. Heritability estimates were moderate to high for CPR (0.53 [SE 0.17]), MPR (0.31 [SE 0.07]), DMI (0.49 [SE 0.08]), yearling BW (0.46 [SE 0.08]), and scanned rib fat depth (0.42 [SE 0.07]). There was a strong phenotypic (0.83 [SE 0.02]) and genetic (0.75 [SE 0.10]) correlation between CPR and MPR. The correlations obtained for DMI with CPR and with MPR were high, both phenotypically (rp) and genetically (rg) (rp: 0.85 [SE 0.01] and 0.71 [SE 0.02]; rg (0.95 [SE 0.03] and 0.83 [SE 0.05], respectively). Yearling BW was strongly correlated phenotypically (rp ≥ 0.60) and genetically (rg > 0.80) with CPR, MPR, and DMI, whereas scanned rib fat was weakly correlated phenotypically (rp < 0.20) and genetically (rg ≤ 0.20) with CPR, MPR, and DMI. The strong correlation between both CPR and MPR with DMI confirms their potential use as proxies for DMI in situations where direct DMI recording is not possible such as on pasture.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document