scholarly journals New mud dragons from Svalbard: three new species ofCristaphyesand the first Arctic species ofPycnophyes(Kinorhyncha: Allomalorhagida: Pycnophyidae)

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Vinther Sørensen ◽  
Katarzyna Grzelak
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Species ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
The Common ◽  
Centrifugation Method ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Scanning Electron

BackgroundKinorhynchs are marine, microscopic invertebrates inhabiting the seafloors. Their segmented trunk equipped with spines and processes has inspired scientists to give them the common name “mud dragons.” Even though kinorhynchs have been known since the 19th century, less than 300 species are known to science, and it is still considered a largely understudied animal group—in particular in the Arctic, from which only 23 species are known so far.MethodsSamples were collected at eight stations around Svalbard and in the fjords of Spitsbergen. Meiofauna was extracted from the sediment cores with LUDOX centrifugation method, and kinorhynchs were picked up and mounted for light- and scanning electron microscopy.ResultsFour new species of the kinorhynch family Pycnophyidae are described from Svalbard:Cristaphyes dordaidelosensissp. nov.,C. glaurungsp. nov.,C. scathasp. nov., andPycnophyes ancalagonsp. nov. The new species are generally recognized by their distribution of setae along the trunk segments.DiscussionAfter the discovery of the new species, Pycnophyidae becomes with 14 species the most diverse kinorhynch genus in the Arctic, closely followed by Echinoderidae with 13 species. So far, these are the only kinorhynch families with an Arctic distribution.

Three new Hantzschia species (Bacillariophyta) from the Maritime Antarctic Region

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 371 (3) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIE BULÍNOVÁ ◽  
NATALIA KOCHMAN-KĘDZIORA ◽  
KATEŘINA KOPALOVÁ ◽  
BART VAN DE VIJVER
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Maritime Antarctic ◽  
Antarctic Region ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
James Ross Island ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

Following an earlier revision of the genus Hantzschia (Bacillariophyta) in the Maritime Antarctic Region, several at present unidentified or poorly known taxa of this aerophilic genus have been investigated using both light and scanning electron microscopy. Based on the morphological analysis of the observations, three new species are currently described: Hantzschia australabundans sp. nov., H. zidarovae sp. nov. and H. zikmundiana sp. nov. The new species differ from comparable taxa in valve outline, structure of the internal proximal raphe endings and structure of the striae and areolae. Additional observations are presented on Hantzschia amphioxys and its forma muelleri, H. abundans and H. incognita, based on observations of Antarctic populations from the South Shetland Islands, Vega Island and James Ross Island. Brief notes on the ecology of all reported species are added.

Three new species of Chordodes and new data on hairworms (Nematomorpha) from Ecuador

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2205 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-52
Author(s):  
CRISTINA DE VILLALOBOS ◽  
FERNANDA ZANCA ◽  
ALVARO BARRAGAN YANEZ
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Species ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

The presently known freshwater Nematomorpha from Ecuador include only three species. Seven species of hairworms are herein firstly recorded from this country, which makes 10 the known species inhabiting Ecuador. Four of them are redescribed and three new species of Chordodes (C. alticuspis, C. ecuatoriensis and C. ruginosus) are described. All species are described using scanning electron microscopy. A list of all species known from Ecuador is also included.

Taxonomy of the genus Craspedomerus Bernhauer, 1911 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Philonthina) from China

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2506 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIANG LI ◽  
HONG-ZHANG ZHOU
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Species ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

Three new species of the genus Craspedomerus from China are described and illustrated: C. giganteus Li & Zhou sp. n. from Sichuan, C. gongshanus Li & Zhou sp. n. from Yunnan and C. zhangi Li & Zhou sp. n. from Tibet. Four species are reported for the first time from China: C. sinetuber (Coiffait, 1977a) from Tibet, C. cyanipennis Scheerpeltz, 1976b, C. ganeshensis Coiffait, 1983 and C. glenoides (Schubert, 1908) from Yunnan. These four and two additional species previously recorded from China (C. beckeri Bernhauer, 1934 and C. violaceipennis Cameron, 1928 are redescribed and illustrated. Sensory peg setae located on the underside of the paramere of the aedeagus of all nine Chinese species are compared using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the result shows that this character is useful for species identification. A key to the Chinese species of Craspedomerus is presented and geographical distribution of all sixteen species of Craspedomerus is mapped.

Three new species of the diatom genus Halamphora (Bacillariophyta) from the prairie pothole lakes region of North Dakota, USA

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 197 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSHUA G STEPANEK ◽  
J PATRICK KOCIOLEK
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Prairie Pothole Region ◽  
Morphological Similarity ◽  
Prairie Pothole ◽  
Glacial Retreat ◽  
Diatom Genus ◽  
The Common ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
The Last Glacial

The prairie pothole region of North America is characterized by a large number of lakes and wetlands created during the last glacial retreat. These waterbodies are characterized by their generally small sizes (70% of waterbodies are less than 0.4 ha), high densities (as many as 40 waterbodies km −2) and elevated but variable conductivities, ranging between 230–70,000 µS cm−1. Although this region boasts a great number and diversity of habitats, few studies have investigated the diatom diversity present. Presented here are descriptions and illustrations of three new species from the genus Halamphora based on light microscope and scanning electron microscope observations. Halamphora pratensis was collected from Long Lake, Burleigh County, with a conductivity of 2187 µS cm−1, and appears to be most closely allied with the common freshwater H. veneta group within the genus. Halamphora pertusa and H. attenuata were collected from Salt Alkaline Lake, Kidder County, with an elevated conductivity of 9811 µS cm−1. Both of these taxa, although unique, exhibit some morphological similarity to several marine and estuarine species.

A new genus and some cryptic species of Arctic and boreal calloporid cheilostome bryozoans

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 1035-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Kuklinski ◽  
Paul D. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
East Greenland ◽  
North East ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Cheilostome Bryozoans ◽  
Scanning Electron

Study of type and other material using scanning electron microscopy has permitted the recognition of three new species and one new genus of Arctic and boreal calloporid anascans. Originally described from the Gulf of St Lawrence, Callopora whiteavesi is reassigned to Flustrellaria, a calloporid genus not previously reported extant. Material from north-east Greenland misidentified as C. whiteavesi is described as C. weslawski sp. nov. The new genus Septentriopora is introduced for calloporids lacking pore chambers, with a distolateral pair of small interzooidal avicularia that face proximally or proximolaterally, and a reduced ovicell. The type species of Septentriopora, Tegella nigrans, has frequently been misidentified. Many of the supposed records of this species belong to two other species, described here as Septentriopora karasi sp. nov. and S. denisenkoae sp. nov. The apparent ovicell in S. karasi is particularly unusual, being vestigial and kenozooid-like in morphology.

A revision of the genus Calcigorgia (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Acanthogorgiidae) with the description of three new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4571 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
ASAKO K. MATSUMOTO ◽  
LEEN P. VAN OFWEGEN ◽  
FREDERICK M. BAYER
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Species ◽  
Bering Sea ◽  
Sea Of Okhotsk ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

Octocorals of the Acanthogorgiid genus Calcigorgia have been examined, from Japan, Sea of Okhotsk, and Bering Sea. The four known species are re-described and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of sclerites presented. Three other species are described and depicted, bringing the total number of Calcigorgia species to seven. Calcigorgia simushiri, Dautova 2018 is synonymized with C. spiculifera Broch, 1935. A neotype for C. spiculifera has been designated. 

scholarly journals Three new species of Pleurothallis (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in subsection Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae from northern South America

Lankesteriana ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Wilson ◽  
Luis Baquero ◽  
Katharine Dupree ◽  
Marco M. Jiménez ◽  
Cheryl M. LeBlanc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
History Of ◽  
Northern South America ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

The history of the taxonomy of Pleurothallis R.Br. subsection Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae and recent descriptions in that group are summarized. The phylogenetic position of the group based on preliminary molecular data and the appropriateness of the proposed genera Acronia C.Presl. and Zosterophyllanthos Szlach. & Marg. for this group are discussed. Three new species from northern South America are described: Pleurothallis rubrifolia from southeastern Ecuador and northeastern Peru; Pleurothallis nangaritzae from southeastern Ecuador; and Pleurothallis castanea. Labellar micromorphology examined by scanning electron microscopy for P. rubrifolia and P. nangaritzae is discussed in relation to taxonomy and possible pollinator interactions.

Three new species of Ulnaria (Bacillariophyta) from the Wuling Mountains Area, China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 306 (4) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
BING LIU ◽  
DAVID M. WILLIAMS ◽  
LIN TAN
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Species ◽  
Nature Reserves ◽  
Freshwater Streams ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

Three new species of Ulnaria from the Wuling Mountains Area, China, have been studied by light and scanning electron microscopy. All possess at least six closed girdle bands. The pattern of valve striation is not uniform as some do not have a corresponding opposite structure. The cells of Ulnaria sinensis sp. nov. are linked and form colonies with frustules connected by interlocking linking spines. U. sinensis has very long valves (296–512 µm) and uniseriate striae. Both Ulnaria ulnabiseriata sp. nov. and Ulnaria gaowangjiensis sp. nov. have biseriate striae. U. ulnabiseriata differs from U. gaowangjiensis in LM by its more lanceolate valve shape as the valves of U. ulnabiseriata taper towards the pole from one third of the length of the valve, whist U. gaowangjiensis tapers towards the pole from two thirds of the length of the valve, and by its larger valve length (105–229 µm vs 61–108 µm). The three new species are all epilithic and were found in freshwater streams in or near nature reserves.

Scanning Secondary Electron Microscopy of Myofibrils Using Transmission Techniques

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 556-557
Author(s):  
M. K. Lamvik
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Photographic Recording ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Thin Carbon ◽  
The Common ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Cellular Organelles

When observing small objects such as cellular organelles by scanning electron microscopy, it is often valuable to use the techniques of transmission electron microscopy. The common practice of mounting and coating for SEM may not always be necessary. These possibilities are illustrated using vertebrate skeletal muscle myofibrils.Micrographs for this study were made using a Hitachi HFS-2 scanning electron microscope, with photographic recording usually done at 60 seconds per frame. The instrument was operated at 25 kV, with a specimen chamber vacuum usually better than 10-7 torr. Myofibrils were obtained from rabbit back muscle using the method of Zak et al. To show the component filaments of this contractile organelle, the myofibrils were partially disrupted by agitation in a relaxing medium. A brief centrifugation was done to clear the solution of most of the undisrupted myofibrils before a drop was placed on the grid. Standard 3 mm transmission electron microscope grids covered with thin carbon films were used in this study.

A new species of Cribraria (Myxomycetes) from Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Stephenson ◽  
Yu. K. Novozhilov ◽  
P. Wellman
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Species ◽  
Lemon Yellow ◽  
Moist Chamber ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Dark Violet ◽  
The Stability ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

A new species of Cribraria, described herein as C. bicolor, appeared in moist chamber cultures on samples of the bark of Eucalyptus sp. collected at two localities in Australia. The morphology of representative specimens was examined by light and scanning electron microscopy, and micrographs of relevant morphological details of sporocarps and spores are provided. The species has a number of distinct and unique morphological features, including a glossy bright-violet globose sporotheca and a two-colored long stalk which is bright-red over the lower one-third and light yellow or lemon-yellow over the upper two-thirds. The combination of these characteristics as well as a shallow calyculus which is dark-violet when viewed under a dissecting microscope and bright red in transmitted light when mounted in lactophenol makes C. bicolor a well-defined morphospecies when compared to all other species of Cribraria. The stability of the taxonomic characters of the species was confirmed by an examination of a number of specimens.

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