scholarly journals Evaluating the oestrogenic activities of aqueous root extract of Asparagus africanus Lam in female Sprague-Dawley rats and its phytochemical screening using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abubakar El-Ishaq ◽  
Mohammed A. Alshawsh ◽  
Zamri Bin Chik
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor ◽  
Ethinyl Estradiol ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor Alpha ◽  
Aqueous Root Extract

Asparagus africanus Lam. is a plant used traditionally for natal care. This study evaluates the oestrogenic activities of aqueous root extract and screens for possible bioactive phytochemicals. Oestrogenicity of A. africanus was evaluated in ovariectomised rats treated with 50, 200, and 800 mg/kgBW doses twice daily for three days. Ethinyl estradiol (EE)1 mg/kg was used as positive control, and hormonal analysis and gene expression were carried out. The findings demonstrated that the extract produced a dose-dependent increase in the oestrogen levels with a significant increase compared to untreated rats. Pre-treatment with oestrogen receptor antagonist (ORA) prior to A. africanus treatment reversed the trend. Gene expression analysis on rats treated with 200 mg/kgBW A. africanus showed significant (p < 0.005) upregulation of oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα), while pre-treating animals with (ORA) significantly (p < 0.005) increased the expression of calbindin 3 (Calb3) in the EE group as compared to the untreated rats. The GC/MS results showed the presence of steroidal saponins such as stigmasterol and sarsasapogenin. These might be the bioactive constituents that exhibited these activities. The oestrogenic properties of A. africanus revealed in this study could contribute to the antifertility properties of the plant. However, further pharmacological studies are required to confirm the antifertility effect.

scholarly journals Role of the Oestrogen Receptors GPR30 and ERα in Peripheral Sensitization: Relevance to Trigeminal Pain Disorders in Women

Cephalalgia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 729-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
CS Liverman ◽  
JW Brown ◽  
R Sandhir ◽  
KE McCarson ◽  
NEJ Berman
Keyword(s):  
Trigeminal Ganglion ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Peripheral Sensitization ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor Alpha ◽  
Trigeminal Ganglion Neurons ◽  
Ganglion Neurons

Oestrogen increases facial allodynia through its actions on activation of the MAPK extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) in trigeminal ganglion neurons. This goal of study was to determine which oestrogen receptor is required for behavioural sensitization. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated the presence of oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in nuclei of larger neurons and cytoplasm of smaller neurons, and the novel oestrogen receptor G-protein coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) in small diameter neurons that also contained peripherin, a marker of unmyelinated C-fibres. Specific agonists for ERα (PPT) and GPR30 (G-1), but not ERβ (DPN), activated ERK in trigeminal ganglion neurons in vitro. Both G-1 and PPT treatment increased allodynia after CFA injections into the masseter of ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats. Treatment with oestrogen increased expression of ERα but not GPR30, while masseter inflammation increased GRP30 but not ER α. Differential modulation of these ERK-coupled receptors by oestrogen and inflammation may play a role in painful episodes of temporomandibular disorder and migraine.

scholarly journals Integrating multiple oestrogen receptor alpha ChIP studies: overlap with disease susceptibility regions, DNase I hypersensitivity peaks and gene expression

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam E Handel ◽  
Geir K Sandve ◽  
Giulio Disanto ◽  
Lahiru Handunnetthi ◽  
Gavin Giovannoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor ◽  
Disease Susceptibility ◽  
Dnase I ◽  
Receptor Alpha ◽  
Dnase I Hypersensitivity ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor Alpha

scholarly journals Genistein alters coagulation gene expression in ovariectomised rats treated with phytoestrogens

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (12) ◽  
pp. 1250-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne A. Kelly ◽  
John J. O’Leary ◽  
Dana Seidlova-Wuttke ◽  
Wolfgang Wuttke ◽  
Lucy A. Norris
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽  
17Β Estradiol

SummaryRecent data has shown that hormone therapy (HT) increases the risk of cardiovascular and thromboembolic disease, particularly in users of oral HT. Phytoestrogens are popular alternatives to oestrogen therapy; however, their effects on cardiovascular risk are unknown. We investigated the effect of the phytoestrogen, genistein on the expression of genes and proteins from the haemostatic system in the liver in an ovariectomised rat model. Fifty-nine virgin female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with soy-free chow supplemented with 17β estradiol (E2) (daily uptake 0.19 or 0.75 mg/kg body weight), or genistein (daily up-take 6 or 60 mg/kg body weight), for three months and compared to soy-free control rats. Gene expression of prothrombin, factor VII, fibrinogen alpha and fibrinogen beta was increased with E2 and genistein compared to the soy-free control group (p<0.001). Genistein increased factor VII significantly more than E2 (p<0.005). Plasminogen mRNA was increased in both treatment groups compared to the soy-free control, with genistein expression significantly higher than E2 (p<0.001). Tissue plasminogen inhibitor (tPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and C-reactive protein (CRP) expression were also increased in both groups relative the soy-free control. Results of protein analysis largely concurred with those of the mRNA. Oestrogen receptor β (ERβ) was undetected while oestrogen receptor α (ERα) was detected in each sample group. Genistein can increase the expression of coagulation and fibrinolytic genes. This effect was similar and in some cases higher than 17β estradiol. These results suggest that genistein may not be neutral with respect to the haemostatic system.

scholarly journals Gynura procumbens ethanol extract and its fractions inhibit Th1, Th2 and Th17 but induce Treg cells differentiation during atherosclerosis development

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-425
Author(s):  
Manimegalai Manogaran ◽  
Vuanghao Lim ◽  
Doblin Sandai ◽  
Rafeezul Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Bioactive Constituents

Introduction: Gynura procumbens (Lorr.) Merr. (GP) displays cardio-protective effect, which may hinder atherogenesis induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and leukocytes. The current study was undertaken to elucidate the chemical constituents of GP ethanol extract and its aqueous, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and hexane fractions, and their effects on CD4+ T cell differentiation during atherogenesis. Methods: Initially, the bioactive constituents in GP ethanol extract and its fractions were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Generated mouse bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDC) were loaded with oxLDL and GP ethanol extract and its fractions for 24 hours and co-cultured with mouse CD4+ T cells for 72 hours. For the determination of T-bet, GATA-3, RORγt, Foxp3, DLL-3, and Jagged-1 mRNA gene expression, the floating cells (CD4+ T cells) and adherence cells (BMDC) were isolated from their total RNAs and reverse transcribed into cDNA.Results: GC-MS analysis showed that GP ethanol extract and its fractions contained various volatile compounds. GP ethanol extract and its fractions also increased the DLL-3 gene but suppressed Jagged-1 gene expression in oxLDL-treated BMDC. Furthermore, GP ethanol extract and its fractions suppressed T-bet, GATA-3, and RORγt gene expression but increased the expression of the Foxp3 gene in differentiated CD4 + T cells. Conclusion: GP ethanol extract and its fractions are composed of various bioactive chemical components that can induce anti-atherogenic effects by inhibiting pro-atherogenic cells such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells while increasing anti-atherogenic cells, Treg cells.

Protective activities of the aqueous root extract of Harungana madagascariensis in acute and repeated acetaminophen hepatotoxic rats

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
AA Adeneye ◽  
JA Olagunju ◽  
SO Elias ◽  
OD Olatunbosun ◽  
AO Mustafa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Extract ◽  
Aqueous Root Extract
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