scholarly journals DNA sequencing supports the reinstatement of Pycnolejeunea glauca from synonymy of Cheilolejeunea intertexta, as Cheilolejeunea glauca comb. nov. (Lejeuneaceae, Marchantiophyta)

Telopea ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 169-179
Author(s):  
Peter Beveridge ◽  
David Glenny ◽  
Lara Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Key Features

Pycnolejeunea glauca, originally described by Stephani based on a collection in New Zealand by William Colenso, was placed by Grolle into the synonymy of the paleotropical species Cheilolejeunea intertexta with a type from Micronesia. In this study, we generated DNA sequences from a recently-collected sample of P. glauca and compared them with published sequences of C. intertexta from China. Pycnolejeunea glauca was recovered in the phylogenetic analyses as sister to C. nipponica, whereas C. intertexta grouped in another clade with C. vittata and C. streimannii. The analysis justifies the reinstatement of P. glauca as the new combination Cheilolejeunea glauca, a New Zealand endemic. Descriptions and illustrations are provided of key features of this species together with data on its position in the phylogeny of the genus.

scholarly journals Why one species in New Zealand, Pugetia delicatissima (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta), should become two new genera, Judithia gen. nov. and Wendya gen. nov.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R D’Archino ◽  
SM Lin ◽  
PW Gabrielson ◽  
Giuseppe Zuccarello
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Supporting Cell ◽  
Rbcl Gene ◽  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Branch System ◽  
The Family ◽  
Carpogonial Branch ◽  
Subsidiary Cells

© 2015 British Phycological Society. Blade-forming red algae occur worldwide and, prior to DNA sequencing, had been notoriously difficult to identify and classify, especially when lacking critical reproductive features. This, coupled in New Zealand with many longstanding assumptions that taxa were identical to non-New Zealand species or genera, resulted in many misapplied names. Pugetia delicatissima R.E. Norris, an endemic New Zealand blade-forming species of the family Kallymeniaceae, is actually comprised of one existing and one new species belonging to two distinct genera, as established by our phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences from the rbcL gene. Analyses of combined rbcL and LSU genes showed that neither is closely related to the generitype of Pugetia, the northern-eastern Pacific, P. fragilissima Kylin. We propose the names Judithia and Wendya for these two newly revealed genera. In addition to diagnostic rbcL and LSU sequences, Judithia is morphologically and anatomically characterized by rounded to oblong blades that do not taper basally at the stipe, loosely aggregated surface cortical cells and cystocarps lacking both a pericarp and an ostiole, all features observed in the holotype of P. delicatissima. Wendya, in contrast, is characterized by blades that taper both apically and basally, compactly arranged surface cortical cells and cystocarps that have both a pericarp and a distinct ostiole. The two genera also are distinguished from one other, as well as from Pugetia by features of pre- and post-fertilization development, including the number of subsidiary cells produced on carpogonial and auxiliary branch systems, whether subsidiary cells in the carpogonial branch system fuse with the supporting cell or not, and the site of origin of gonimoblast cells. Although small in area, New Zealand hosts ten of the 27 currently recognized genera in the Kallymeniaceae and is the southern-hemisphere region of greatest generic diversification in this family.

scholarly journals Phylogeography of the New Zealand whelks Cominella maculosa and C. virgata

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Kerry Walton
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Interglacial Period ◽  
Cook Strait

<p>Cominella maculosa and C. virgata are common rocky shore whelk species from New Zealand. This study used DNA sequences from the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) to expand an earlier unpublished dataset and examine the phylogeographic structure of both species in the Cook Strait region, of C. maculosa in the Chatham Islands, and of C. virgata in the northern North Island. Both species are found to have a considerable degree of phylogeographic structure, concordant with that reported by an earlier study and for other species with direct development.  South Island sites sampled for C. maculosa had several private haplotypes and a high frequency haplotype that is shared with populations from the southern North Island. Together, these formed a ‘southern haplogroup’. Low diversity in ‘southern’ populations may reflect founder effects that would have occurred as part of a southward range expansion during the onset of the present interglacial period. The Chatham Islands samples had two haplotypes that formed a separate sub-group to the ‘southern haplogroup’, suggesting Chatham Islands populations are moderately isolated from those on mainland New Zealand but may have been founded from ‘southern’ populations relatively recently.  The high frequency haplotype present in South Island samples of C. virgata is absent in Wellington samples but widespread in those from the north-eastern North Island. South Island populations may have been founded from the Hauraki Gulf through human-mediated translocation events. Phylogenetic analyses with a focus on C. virgata were conducted using the mitochondrial genes CO1 and 16SrRNA, and the nuclear gene 18S rRNA, to expand an earlier published dataset. The purported northern subspecies C. virgata brookesi does not form a monophyletic lineage and voucher specimens fluidly intergrade with the nominal subspecies, with which it is synonymised. A lectotype is designated for Buccinum lineolatum Quoy & Gaimard, 1833, for which Cominella virgata is a replacement name. Potential causes of the disjunct distribution patterns of C. virgata and other mollusc taxa are discussed with particular reference to the formation and timing of marine straits through the Auckland Isthmus and Cook Strait.</p>

scholarly journals Phylogeography of the New Zealand whelks Cominella maculosa and C. virgata

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Kerry Walton
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Interglacial Period ◽  
Cook Strait

<p>Cominella maculosa and C. virgata are common rocky shore whelk species from New Zealand. This study used DNA sequences from the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) to expand an earlier unpublished dataset and examine the phylogeographic structure of both species in the Cook Strait region, of C. maculosa in the Chatham Islands, and of C. virgata in the northern North Island. Both species are found to have a considerable degree of phylogeographic structure, concordant with that reported by an earlier study and for other species with direct development.  South Island sites sampled for C. maculosa had several private haplotypes and a high frequency haplotype that is shared with populations from the southern North Island. Together, these formed a ‘southern haplogroup’. Low diversity in ‘southern’ populations may reflect founder effects that would have occurred as part of a southward range expansion during the onset of the present interglacial period. The Chatham Islands samples had two haplotypes that formed a separate sub-group to the ‘southern haplogroup’, suggesting Chatham Islands populations are moderately isolated from those on mainland New Zealand but may have been founded from ‘southern’ populations relatively recently.  The high frequency haplotype present in South Island samples of C. virgata is absent in Wellington samples but widespread in those from the north-eastern North Island. South Island populations may have been founded from the Hauraki Gulf through human-mediated translocation events. Phylogenetic analyses with a focus on C. virgata were conducted using the mitochondrial genes CO1 and 16SrRNA, and the nuclear gene 18S rRNA, to expand an earlier published dataset. The purported northern subspecies C. virgata brookesi does not form a monophyletic lineage and voucher specimens fluidly intergrade with the nominal subspecies, with which it is synonymised. A lectotype is designated for Buccinum lineolatum Quoy & Gaimard, 1833, for which Cominella virgata is a replacement name. Potential causes of the disjunct distribution patterns of C. virgata and other mollusc taxa are discussed with particular reference to the formation and timing of marine straits through the Auckland Isthmus and Cook Strait.</p>

scholarly journals Phylogeny and diversity of Haploporus (Polyporaceae, Basidiomycota)

MycoKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 77-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Zhou ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Tom W. May ◽  
Josef Vlasák ◽  
Jia-Jia Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Ribosomal Rna Gene ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
The Usa

Four species of Haploporus, H.angustisporus, H.crassus, H.gilbertsonii and H.microsporus are described as new and H.pirongia is proposed as a new combination, based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analyses inferred from internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nLSU) sequences. Haploporusangustisporus, H.crassus and H.microsporus occur in China, H.gilbertsonii occurs in the USA, and the distribution of H.pirongia is extended from New Zealand to Australia. Haploporusangustisporus is characterized by the distinct narrow oblong basidiospores measuring 10.5–13.5 × 3.9–5 µm. Haploporuscrassus is characterized by the presence of ventricose cystidioles occasionally with a simple septum, dissepimental hyphae usually with a simple septum, unique thick-walled basidia and distinctly wide oblong basidiospores measuring 13.5–16.5 × 7.5–9.5 µm. Haploporusgilbertsonii is characterized by its large pores (2–3 per mm), a dimitic hyphal structure with non-dextrinoid skeletal hyphae and wide oblong basidiospores measuring 12–15 × 6–8 µm. Haploporusmicrosporus is characterized by distinctly small pores (7–9 per mm), the presence of dendrohyphidia, and distinctly small ellipsoid basidiospores measuring 5.3–6.7 × 3–4.1 µm. Haploporuspirongia is proposed as a new combination. Haploporusamarus is shown to be a synonym of H.odorus and Pachykytosporawasseri is considered a synonym of H.subtrameteus.

scholarly journals A Phylogenetic Investigation of the New Zealand  Pteridaceae Ferns

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Whitney L M Bouma
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Taxonomic Confusion ◽  
Species Specific

<p>The fern family Pteridaceae is among the largest fern families in New Zealand. It comprises 17 native species among five genera. Traditionally the classification of Pteridaceae was based on morphological characters. The advent of molecular technology, now makes is possible to test these morphology-based classifications. The Pteridaceae has previously been subjected to phylogenetic analyses; however representatives from New Zealand and the South Pacific have never been well represented in these studies. This thesis research aimed to investigate the phylogenetic relationships of the New Zealand Pteridaceae, as well as, the phylogenetic relationships of the New Zealand species to their overseas relatives. The DNA sequences of several Chloroplast loci (e.g. trnL-trnF locus, rps4 and rps4-trnS IGS, atpB, and rbcL) were determined and the phylogenetic relationships of the New Zealand Pteridaceae and several species-specific question within the genus Pellaea and Adiantum were investigated. Results presented in this thesis confirm previously published phylogenetics of the Pteridaceae, which show the resolution of five major clades, i.e.,cryptogrammoids, ceratopteridoids, pteridoids, cheilanthoids, and the adiantoids. The addition of the New Zealand species revealed a possible South West Pacific groups formed by the respective genera, where New Zealand species were generally more related to one another than to overseas relatives. Within the New Zealand Pellaea, the analysis of the trnL-trnF locus sequence data showed that the morphologically-intermediate plants P. aff. falcata, responsible for taxonomic confusion, were more closely related to P. rotundifolia than to P. falcata. Furthermore, the species collected on the Kermadec Islands, previously thought to be P. falcata, are genetically distinct from the Australian P. falcata and they could constitute a new species. Adiantum hispidulum, which is polymorphic for two different hair types being used to distinguish them as different species, was also reinvestigated morphologically and molecularly. Morphological inspection of hairs revealed three hair types as opposed to the previous thought two, and furthermore, they correspond to three different trnL-trnF sequences haplotypes.</p>

Phylogenetic analyses of ITS and rbcL DNA sequences for sixteen genera of Australian and New Zealand Brassicaceae result in the expansion of the tribe Microlepidieae

Taxon ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 970-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter B. Heenan ◽  
Dagmar F. Goeke ◽  
Gary J. Houliston ◽  
Martin A. Lysak
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses

scholarly journals A Phylogenetic Investigation of the New Zealand  Pteridaceae Ferns

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Whitney L M Bouma
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Taxonomic Confusion ◽  
Species Specific

<p>The fern family Pteridaceae is among the largest fern families in New Zealand. It comprises 17 native species among five genera. Traditionally the classification of Pteridaceae was based on morphological characters. The advent of molecular technology, now makes is possible to test these morphology-based classifications. The Pteridaceae has previously been subjected to phylogenetic analyses; however representatives from New Zealand and the South Pacific have never been well represented in these studies. This thesis research aimed to investigate the phylogenetic relationships of the New Zealand Pteridaceae, as well as, the phylogenetic relationships of the New Zealand species to their overseas relatives. The DNA sequences of several Chloroplast loci (e.g. trnL-trnF locus, rps4 and rps4-trnS IGS, atpB, and rbcL) were determined and the phylogenetic relationships of the New Zealand Pteridaceae and several species-specific question within the genus Pellaea and Adiantum were investigated. Results presented in this thesis confirm previously published phylogenetics of the Pteridaceae, which show the resolution of five major clades, i.e.,cryptogrammoids, ceratopteridoids, pteridoids, cheilanthoids, and the adiantoids. The addition of the New Zealand species revealed a possible South West Pacific groups formed by the respective genera, where New Zealand species were generally more related to one another than to overseas relatives. Within the New Zealand Pellaea, the analysis of the trnL-trnF locus sequence data showed that the morphologically-intermediate plants P. aff. falcata, responsible for taxonomic confusion, were more closely related to P. rotundifolia than to P. falcata. Furthermore, the species collected on the Kermadec Islands, previously thought to be P. falcata, are genetically distinct from the Australian P. falcata and they could constitute a new species. Adiantum hispidulum, which is polymorphic for two different hair types being used to distinguish them as different species, was also reinvestigated morphologically and molecularly. Morphological inspection of hairs revealed three hair types as opposed to the previous thought two, and furthermore, they correspond to three different trnL-trnF sequences haplotypes.</p>

scholarly journals Fungi of quarantine concern for China I: Dothideomycetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Zhao ◽  
P.W. Crous ◽  
L.W. Hou ◽  
W.J. Duan ◽  
L. Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Helminthosporium Solani ◽  
Whole Genomes ◽  
The One ◽  
One Fungus One Name ◽  
Current List

The current list of Chinese quarantine pests includes 130 fungal species. However, recent changes in the taxonomy of fungi following the one fungus = one name initiative and the implementation of DNA phylogeny in taxonomic revisions, resulted in many changes of these species names, necessitating an update of the current list. In addition, many quarantine fungi lack modern morphological descriptions and authentic DNA sequences, posing significant challenges for the development of diagnostic protocols. The aim of the present study was to review the taxonomy and names of the 33 Chinese quarantine fungi in Dothideomycetes, and provide reliable DNA barcodes to facilitate rapid identification. Of these, 23 names were updated according to the single name nomenclature system, including one new combination, namely Cophinforma tumefaciens comb. nov. (syn. Sphaeropsis tumefaciens). On the basis of phylogenetic analyses and morphological comparisons, a new genus Xenosphaeropsis is introduced to accommodate the monotypic species Xenosphaeropsis pyriputrescens comb. nov. (syn. Sphaeropsis pyriputrescens), the causal agent of a post-harvest disease of pears. Furthermore, four lectotypes (Ascochyta petroselini, Mycosphaerella ligulicola, Physalospora laricina, Sphaeria lingam), three epitypes (Ascochyta petroselini, Phoma lycopersici, Sphaeria lingam), and two neotypes (Ascochyta pinodella, Deuterophoma tracheiphila) are designated to stabilise the use of these names. A further four reference strains are introduced for Cophinforma tumefaciens, Helminthosporium solani, Mycocentro­spora acerina, and Septoria linicola. In addition, to assist future studies on these important pathogens, we sequenced and assembled whole genomes for 17 species, including Alternaria triticina, Boeremia foveata, B. lycopersici, Cladosporium cucumerinum, Didymella glomerata, Didymella pinodella, Diplodia mutila, Helminthosporium solani, Mycocentrospora acerina, Neofusicoccum laricinum, Parastagonospora pseudonodorum, Plenodomus libanotidis, Plenodomus lingam, Plenodomus tracheiphilus, Septoria petroselini, Stagonosporopsis chrysanthemi, and Xenosphaeropsis pyriputrescens.

A molecular phylogeny and infrageneric classification for Kunzea (Myrtaceae) inferred from rDNA ITS and ETS sequences

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 309 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. de Lange ◽  
R. D. Smissen ◽  
S. J. Wagstaff ◽  
D. J. Keeling ◽  
B. G. Murray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Nrdna Its ◽  
Infrageneric Classification ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
Western Australian

Circumscription and infrageneric classification of Kunzea is evaluated after phylogenetic analyses of nrDNA ITS and ETS sequences. Kunzea is monophyletic if the K. ericoides complex and the monotypic Angasomyrtus are included. The genus can be divided into western Australian, eastern Australian, and eastern Australian plus New Zealand clades. Angasomyrtus has greater affinity with the eastern Kunzea species, despite its western Australian endemic status. A new infrageneric classification is proposed, recognising four subgenera, with a further division into sections within two of these. A new combination in Kunzea is made for Angasomyrtus.

scholarly journals Why one species in New Zealand, Pugetia delicatissima (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta), should become two new genera, Judithia gen. nov. and Wendya gen. nov.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R D’Archino ◽  
SM Lin ◽  
PW Gabrielson ◽  
Giuseppe Zuccarello
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Supporting Cell ◽  
Rbcl Gene ◽  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Branch System ◽  
The Family ◽  
Carpogonial Branch ◽  
Subsidiary Cells

© 2015 British Phycological Society. Blade-forming red algae occur worldwide and, prior to DNA sequencing, had been notoriously difficult to identify and classify, especially when lacking critical reproductive features. This, coupled in New Zealand with many longstanding assumptions that taxa were identical to non-New Zealand species or genera, resulted in many misapplied names. Pugetia delicatissima R.E. Norris, an endemic New Zealand blade-forming species of the family Kallymeniaceae, is actually comprised of one existing and one new species belonging to two distinct genera, as established by our phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences from the rbcL gene. Analyses of combined rbcL and LSU genes showed that neither is closely related to the generitype of Pugetia, the northern-eastern Pacific, P. fragilissima Kylin. We propose the names Judithia and Wendya for these two newly revealed genera. In addition to diagnostic rbcL and LSU sequences, Judithia is morphologically and anatomically characterized by rounded to oblong blades that do not taper basally at the stipe, loosely aggregated surface cortical cells and cystocarps lacking both a pericarp and an ostiole, all features observed in the holotype of P. delicatissima. Wendya, in contrast, is characterized by blades that taper both apically and basally, compactly arranged surface cortical cells and cystocarps that have both a pericarp and a distinct ostiole. The two genera also are distinguished from one other, as well as from Pugetia by features of pre- and post-fertilization development, including the number of subsidiary cells produced on carpogonial and auxiliary branch systems, whether subsidiary cells in the carpogonial branch system fuse with the supporting cell or not, and the site of origin of gonimoblast cells. Although small in area, New Zealand hosts ten of the 27 currently recognized genera in the Kallymeniaceae and is the southern-hemisphere region of greatest generic diversification in this family.

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