Shifting to Primary Prevention for an Aging Population: A Scoping Review of Health Promotion Initiatives for Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Canada

Physical activity (PA) can improve older adults’ gait performance and decrease fall risks, yet adherence to PA programs is low. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a game-centered mobile health promotion application (app) to improve gait performance in community-dwelling older adults. Participants (N = 38; age 72.42 ± 12.58) from four independent living facilities were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 20; app with exercise) or control (n = 18; app without exercise) conditions. Each condition completed a 10-week intervention using an inclusive evidence-based health promotion program that combines bingo and exercise, Bingocize®. The investigators collected baseline/post gait assessments 1 week prior and 1-week post intervention. Data were analyzed using a mixed-model ANOVA (p < 0.05). There were no main effects; however, significant interactions (group × time) were observed, and interactions for gait speed (>5 cm/s) were observed in the experimental condition. Research supports this increase as a meaningful clinical change in gait speed, which may potentially reduce the risk of falls.

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A Scoping Review of Digital Solutions that Might be Used as Cognitive Screening Instruments of Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Procedia Computer Science ◽

10.1016/j.procs.2021.12.097 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 196 ◽

pp. 956-963

Author(s):

Rute Bastardo ◽

João Pavão ◽

Ana Isabel Martins ◽

Anabela G. Silva ◽

Nelson Pacheco Rocha

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Screening Instruments ◽

Cognitive Screening ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

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Technological interventions for loneliness and social isolation among older adults: a scoping review protocol

Systematic Reviews ◽

10.1186/s13643-021-01775-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Andrew Wister ◽

Ian Fyffe ◽

Eireann O’Dea

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Social Isolation ◽

Scoping Review ◽

English Language ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Technological Interventions ◽

Information And Communication ◽

Evaluation Trial ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background Loneliness and social isolation are prevalent public health concerns among community-dwelling older adults. One approach that is becoming an increasingly popular method of reducing levels of loneliness and social isolation among older adults is through technology-driven solutions. This protocol outlines a research trajectory whereby a scoping review will be initiated in order to illustrate and map the existing technological approaches that have been utilized to diminish levels of loneliness and social isolation among community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years or older. We will address the question: what are the most common and less used technological approaches to reduce loneliness and social isolation among community-dwelling older adults? Methods A scoping review of Academic Search Premier, AGEline, Global Health, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases will take place using our search terms including the following: loneliness, social isolation, older adults, elderly, Aged, Aged 80 and over, program, evaluation, trial, intervention, technology, computer, information and communication technology, internet, and robot. The initial electronic search will be supplemented by reviewing the reference lists and review articles to identify any missing studies. To meet study inclusion criteria, intervention studies had to pertain to community-dwelling adults aged 60 years or older, include technological interventions, include loneliness and/or social isolation as outcome variables, and be written in the English language. Two parallel independent assessments of study eligibility will be conducted for the title, abstract, and full-text screens. Any disagreement will be resolved by consensus and a third reviewer consulted to make a decision if consensus is not achieved initially. Finally, the amalgamation of results will be an iterative process whereby reviewers will refine the plan for presenting results after data extraction is completed so that all of the contents of the extraction may be included in the results. Discussion The information gleaned in this scoping review will be essential to understand the degree to which technological interventions influence social isolation and loneliness among older adults and identify gaps for further research.

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A Scoping Review of Psychological Sense of Community among Community Dwelling Older Adults

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igab046.3449 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 965-965

Author(s):

Thomas Buckley

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Thematic Analysis ◽

Sense Of Community ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Well Being ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Psychological Sense Of Community ◽

Psychological Sense ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽

Health And Well Being

Abstract Psychological sense of community (PSOC) is an important construct for health and well-being outcomes for older adults. Drawing on the Ecological Theory of Aging and the Age-Friendly Cities (AFC) framework, this scoping review explored how PSOC has been used in research with community dwelling older adults. I followed Arksey and O’Malley's (2005) scoping review guidelines. Initial database searches yielded 860 articles. I included 33 in the final sample. I grouped articles based on study populations and conceptualization and operationalization of PSOC. I used thematic analysis to explore topic areas and main findings. The AFC framework guided development of themes and others emerged during analysis. Results show most studies used Asian or White samples and focused on geographic community or neighborhoods. Among the several measures of PSOC, the Brief Sense of Community Scale performed best with older adults. Topical research areas in the thematic analysis were built (1) built environment and neighborhoods, (2) social participation and connection, (3) civic participation, (4) PSOC as a protective factor, (5) health and well-being, (6) relocation, and (7) scale development. PSOC was a consistent predictor of health and well-being and served as a mediator to link neighborhood or environmental characteristics with health and well-being. Future research needs to examine PSOC in geographically and culturally diverse samples and conduct further psychometric testing of PSOC scales with older adults. PSOC is conceptually related to the AFC framework and serves as a mechanism that links AFC features and well-being outcomes. These results can inform practice and refine theory.

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Development of Guidelines on the Primary Prevention of Frailty in Community-dwelling Older Adults

Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research ◽

10.4235/agmr.21.0072 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Seungkook Ki ◽

Ji-hye Yun ◽

Yunhwan Lee ◽

Chang-Won Won ◽

Miji Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Primary Prevention ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

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Understanding transitional care programmes for older adults who experience delayed discharge: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032149 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. e032149

Author(s):

Katherine S McGilton ◽

Shirin Vellani ◽

Jessica Babineau ◽

Jennifer Bethell ◽

Susan E Bronskill ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Narrative Analysis ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Transitional Care ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Term Care ◽

Delayed Discharge ◽

Review Protocol ◽

Delayed Discharges ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

IntroductionMany hospitalised older adults experience delayed discharges due to increased postacute health and social support needs. Transitional care programmes (TCPs) provide short-term care to these patients to prepare them for transfer to nursing homes or back to the community with supports. There are knowledge gaps related to the development, implementation and evaluation of TCPs. The aims of this scoping review (ScR) are to identify the characteristics of older patients served by TCPs; criteria for transfer, components and services provided by TCPs; and outcomes used to evaluate TCPs.Methods and analysisThe study involves six-step ScR and is informed by a collaborative/participatory approach whereby stakeholders engage in the development of the research questions, identification of literature, data abstraction and synthesis; and participation in consultation workshop. The search for scientific literature will be done in the Medline, PsychINFO, Emcare and CINAHL databases; as well, policies and reports that examined models of transitional care and the outcomes used to evaluate them will be reviewed. Records will be selected if they involve community dwelling older adults aged 65 years or older, or indigenous persons 45 years or older; and presented in English, French, Dutch and German languages. Records will be screened, reviewed and abstracted by two independent reviewers. Extracted data will be analysed using descriptive statistics and a narrative analysis, and organised according to Donabedian’s model of structure (characteristics of older adults experiencing delayed discharge and served by TCPs), process (TCP components and services) and outcome.Ethics and disseminationThis ScR does not require ethics approval. Dissemination activities include integrated knowledge translation (KT) (consultation with stakeholders throughout the study) and end-of-grant KT strategies (presentations at national and international conferences; and publication in peer-reviewed interdisciplinary journal).

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