The Impact of Peer Support on Patient Outcomes in Adults With Physical Health Conditions: A Scoping Review

Abstract Background COVID-19 has resulted in an increased demand for eHealth services globally. There is emerging evidence for the efficacy for group eHealth interventions that support population-based mental health and wellbeing, but a systematic review is lacking. The primary objective of this systematic review is to summarize the evidence for eHealth group counseling and coaching programs for adults. A second objective is to assess, within studies selected for our primary objective, the impact of programs that encourage PA on outcomes compared to those that do not. Methods Randomized controlled trials that assess the impact of eHealth group counseling or coaching programs on mental health, health behavior, or physical health activity among community-dwelling adults will be included. We will search the following electronic databases (from January 2005 onwards): MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINHAL, and the Central Register of Controlled Trials. The primary outcomes will be changes in mental health conditions (e.g., depression, anxiety, stress, quality of life), behavioral health conditions (e.g., substance use, smoking, sexual behavior, eating behavior, medication adherence), and physical health conditions (e.g., coping with cancer, menopausal symptoms, arthritis pain). Secondary outcomes will be changes in physical activity. Two reviewers will independently screen all citations, full-text articles, and abstract data. Potential conflicts will be resolved through discussion with a third reviewer. A narrative synthesis without meta-analysis will be conducted. The strength of the body of evidence will be assessed using GRADE. The risk of bias in individual studies will be appraised using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool. Potential sources of gender bias in included studies will be considered at all stages of the planned review. Discussion This review will contribute to the literature by providing evidence on the effectiveness of eHealth counseling and coaching programs delivered to adults in a group format. Systematic review registration The protocol has been registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO: CRD42020187551).

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Estimating the Impact of the Pandemic on Children's Physical Health: A Scoping Review

Journal of School Health ◽

10.1111/josh.13079 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mansoor Rahman A ◽

Baskaran Chandrasekaran

Keyword(s):

Physical Health ◽

Scoping Review ◽

The Impact

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The impact of self-transcendence on physical health status promotion in multiple sclerosis patients attending peer support groups

International Journal of Nursing Practice ◽

10.1111/ijn.12186 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 725-732 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Maryam JadidMilani ◽

Tahereh Ashktorab ◽

Zhila AbedSaeedi ◽

Hamid AlaviMajd

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Health Status ◽

Physical Health ◽

Peer Support ◽

Support Groups ◽

Physical Health Status ◽

Self Transcendence ◽

Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽

The Impact

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Motivation to Improve Mental Wellbeing via Community Physical Activity Initiatives and the Associated Impacts—A Cross-Sectional Survey of UK parkrun Participants

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182413072 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (24) ◽

pp. 13072

Author(s):

Allison Dunne ◽

Steve Haake ◽

Helen Quirk ◽

Alice Bullas

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Physical Health ◽

Online Survey ◽

Local Community ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Mental Wellbeing ◽

Health Improvement ◽

Mental Health Conditions ◽

The Impact

Participation in regular physical activity is a well-established strategy to support good mental wellbeing in adults with, and without, mental health conditions. The physical activity initiative parkrun is a free, weekly, timed, running and walking event which is attended by people from the local community of all abilities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mental wellbeing of UK parkrun participants along with their motives for taking part and the impact of participation. Mental health conditions were self-reported in 2.5% of 60,000 respondents to an online survey of parkrunners, with the most prevalent being depression and anxiety. Those with mental health conditions were more motivated than those without to first participate in parkrun to manage their health conditions and improve their mental health. Those with mental health conditions were equally motivated to improve their physical health when compared to those without, and reported similar levels of improvement. Mental wellbeing scores for those with mental health conditions were close to the normal range, suggesting that engagement in parkrun may have had a role in limiting the effect of their illness. Community initiatives could replicate parkrun’s model, and use the potential for both mental and physical health improvement, as well as health condition management, as a motivation for participation.

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Le sfide alla salute psicofisica delle famiglie italiane nel periodo dell’emergenza Covid-19: uno studio pilota sull’impatto del burnout genitoriale in diverse categorie professionali

QUADERNI ACP ◽

10.53141/qacp.2021.21-24 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 21-24

Author(s):

Teresa Di Fiore ◽

Teresa Galanti ◽

Gloria Guidetti ◽

Daniela Marchetti ◽

Paola Roma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Health ◽

Parental Care ◽

Good Health ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Pediatric Age ◽

Main Effect ◽

The Impact ◽

Mental And Physical Health

Objectives: to assess the impact of the Covid-19 pandemicon parenting in families with pediatric age childrenand examine how parental burnout can be influenced by the presence of one or more children with certified diagnosis of full-blown physical or psychological-psychiatric pathology. Methods: the sample consisted of 970 parents with pediatric age children who were administered a questionnaire on parental burnout. Results: mothers have a higher level of burnout. A significant main effect emerged with respect to the parents’ work: manual workers have higher burnout levels during quarantine. The presence of children with a certified diagnosis is a predictor of parental burnout. Conclusions: the primary pediatrician should care of potentially risky situations that undermine children mental and physical health, especially by supervising the decline of parental care both in families with cases of manifest pathology and in those in good health conditions.

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Housing Insecurity and the Emotional and Physical Health of African Americans

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1076 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 335-336

Author(s):

Aarti Bhat ◽

August Jenkins ◽

David Almeida

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

African Americans ◽

Negative Affect ◽

Physical Health ◽

The United States ◽

Chronic Health Conditions ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Chronic Health ◽

African American Adults ◽

The Impact

Abstract Housing insecurity—or limited and/or unreliable access to quality housing— is a potent on-going stressor that can adversely impact individual well-being. This study extends previous research by investigating the impact of housing insecurity on both the emotional and physical health of aging African American adults using the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) Refresher oversample of African Americans collected from 2012-2013 (N = 508; M age = 43.02; 57% women). Participants reported on their negative affect, number of chronic health conditions experienced in the last year, and experiences of housing insecurity since the 2008 recession (e.g., homelessness, threatened with foreclosure or eviction, lost home). Negative affect and chronic conditions, respectively, were regressed on housing insecurity, and the potential moderating effect of age was tested. Results showed that housing insecurity was associated with more negative affect (B = 0.05, SE = 0.03, p = .002) and chronic health conditions (B = 0.26, SE = 0.03, p < .001). Additionally, the association between housing insecurity and negative affect was moderated by age (B = -0.11, SE = 0.00, p = .019), such that the effect of housing insecurity on negative affect was stronger for younger adults than for older adults. These results suggest that experiences of insecure housing leave African American adults vulnerable to compromised emotional and physical health, however, the negative effects of housing insecurity may attenuate with age.

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A Scoping Review of the Examination of Sandwiched Caregivers’ Psychological Well-being and Physical Health

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igab046.2969 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 814-814

Author(s):

Barbara Hodgdon ◽

Jen D Wong ◽

Patricia S Pittman

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Physical Health ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Well Being ◽

The United States ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Care Recipients ◽

The Impact

Abstract As numbers of sandwiched caregivers in the United States grow, it is essential to document the literature on the impact of dual care responsibilities on aspects of psychological well-being and physical health. This scoping review examined the literature on sandwiched caregivers’ psychological well-being and physical health, identified gaps in the literature, and provided suggestions for future studies to advance the literature on sandwiched caregivers in the United States. Guided by the Arksey and O’Malley (2005) framework, this scoping review comprised of 15 peer-reviewed articles between 1980 and 2019, that examined aspects of the psychological well-being (e.g., depression, affect) and physical health (e.g., health behaviors, chronic conditions) of sandwiched caregivers in the United States. Findings showed that there was ambiguity surrounding the conceptualization of sandwiched caregivers, specifically how older and younger care recipients were defined. Also, most studies examined psychological well-being while physical health was understudied. The findings of this review also showed that, compared to non-sandwiched caregivers (e.g., spousal, filial caregivers) and non-caregivers, sandwiched caregivers exhibited greater depressive symptoms and psychological distress as well as poorer health behaviors. Furthermore, sandwiched caregivers who were female and employed were more susceptible to greater depressive symptoms than their employed male counterparts or employed non-caregivers. In considering future directions, more work is needed that examines physical health. Additionally, sandwiched caregivers of minority status merit attention as multigenerational care occurs at greater rates in these populations. Finally, caregiving during the pandemic may have a detrimental impact on sandwiched caregivers’ lives which should be investigated.

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Caregivers’ Mental Health and Somatic Symptoms During COVID-19

The Journals of Gerontology Series B ◽

10.1093/geronb/gbaa121 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sung S Park

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Physical Health ◽

Negative Binomial ◽

Somatic Symptoms ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Group Differences ◽

Short Term ◽

The Impact ◽

Mental And Physical Health

Abstract Objectives This study examines differences in the mental and physical health of the U.S. population during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic among 3 groups: noncaregivers, short-term caregivers (1 year or less), and long-term caregivers (greater than 1 year). Methods Data from the Understanding America Study are used to describe group differences in reports of psychological distress and somatic symptoms. Logistic and negative binomial regression models are used to examine whether these differences persist after adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and prepandemic health conditions. To understand within-group differences in caregiving demands, the intensity of care provided by short-term and long-term caregivers, as well as selected patients’ health conditions are summarized. Results Adults’ mental and physical health varied substantially by caregiver status. Caregivers continued to fare worse than noncaregivers in terms of mental health and fatigue, and long-term caregivers were more likely to report headache, body aches, and abdominal discomfort than both short-term caregivers and noncaregivers, net of controls. The nature of caregiving differed between short-term and long-term caregivers, with the latter more likely to provide greater hours of care, and to be looking after patients with permanent medical conditions. Discussion Efforts to understand and mitigate the impact of the pandemic on population health should include caregivers, whose mental and physical health were already vulnerable before COVID-19.

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