The Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Nigella sativa on Plasmodium berghei-Infected Mice: An Evaluation of Immune Deviation and Serum Levels of Interferon Gamma (IFN-γ) and Interleukin 4 (IL-4)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khosrow Hazrati Tappeh ◽  
Mahmoud Ghaderi ◽  
Shahram Seyedi ◽  
Peyman Mikaili ◽  
Arash Aminpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Immune Deviation ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Ifn Γ

scholarly journals Salivary and Serum Interferon-Gamma/Interleukin-4 Ratio in Oral Lichen Planus Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Hamid Reza Mozaffari ◽  
Maryam Molavi ◽  
Pia Lopez-Jornet ◽  
Masoud Sadeghi ◽  
Mohsen Safaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lichen Planus ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Oral Lichen Planus ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Pathological Effect ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Oral Lichen

Background and Objectives: Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)/interleukin-4 (IL-4) ratio may indicate a change in the immune response with a potential pathological effect presented in oral lichen planus (OLP) patients. Herein, this meta-analysis evaluated the role of serum and salivary interferon-gamma/interleukin-4 ratio in the severity and development of OLP. Materials and Methods: The Scopus, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched to retrieve the relevant studies published up from the database inception to March 2019. The crude mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by RevMan 5.3 software using a random-effects model. A sensitivity analysis was performed on the results using the CMA 2.0 software. A total of 98 studies were retrieved from the databases, of which at last seven studies were included in this meta-analysis. Results: The findings showed that the pooled MDs of serum and salivary IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio were −0.22 (95% CI: −1.16, 0.72; p = 0.64) and 0.17 (95% CI: −1.50, 1.84; p = 0.84) in OLP patients compared to controls, respectively. In addition, the pooled MDs of serum and salivary IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio were −0.15 (95% CI: −0.53, 0.23; p = 0.43) and −0.39 (95% CI: −0.63, −0.15; p = 0.001) in patients with erythematous/ulcerative subtype compared to patients with reticular subtype, respectively. Conclusions: In conclusion, the results of meta-analysis demonstrated that serum and salivary IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio cannot play a major role in OLP development and severity.

scholarly journals Mice Deficient in Interleukin-4 (IL-4) or IL-4 Receptor α Have Higher Resistance to Sporozoite Infection with Plasmodium berghei (ANKA) than Do Naive Wild-Type Mice

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 322-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Saeftel ◽  
Andreas Krueger ◽  
Sandra Arriens ◽  
Volker Heussler ◽  
Paul Racz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nk Cells ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
No Production ◽  
Liver Stage ◽  
Innate Immune Mechanism ◽  
Ifn Γ

ABSTRACT BALB/c interleukin-4 (IL-4−/−) or IL-4 receptor-α (IL-4rα−/−) knockout (KO) mice were used to assess the roles of the IL-4 and IL-13 pathways during infections with the blood or liver stages of plasmodium in murine malaria. Intraperitoneal infection with the blood-stage erythrocytes of Plasmodium berghei (ANKA) resulted in 100% mortality within 24 days in BALB/c mice, as well as in the mutant mouse strains. However, when infected intravenously with the sporozoite liver stage, 60 to 80% of IL-4−/− and IL-4rα−/− mice survived, whereas all BALB/c mice succumbed with high parasitemia. Compared to infected BALB/c controls, the surviving KO mice showed increased NK cell numbers and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the liver and were able to eliminate parasites early during infection. In vivo blockade of NO resulted in 100% mortality of sporozoite-infected KO mice. In vivo depletion of NK cells also resulted in 80 to 100% mortality, with a significant reduction in gamma interferon (IFN-γ) production in the liver. These results suggest that IFN-γ-producing NK cells are critical in host resistance against the sporozoite liver stage by inducing NO production, an effective killing effector molecule against Plasmodium. The absence of IL-4-mediated functions increases the protective innate immune mechanism identified above, which results in immunity against P. berghei infection in these mice, with no major role for IL-13.

Interleukin-4 and Interferon-Gamma Production during HIV-1 Infection and Changes Induced by Antiretroviral Therapy

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vecchiet ◽  
M. Dalessandro ◽  
F. Travasi ◽  
K. Falasca ◽  
A. Di Iorio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Hiv 1

Several lines of evidence indicate that a switch of the cytokine pattern from a predominant type 1 (antiviral and cell mediated response) to type 2 (polyclonal humoral immune response) occurs during the course of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) infection, and represents a key event in the progression of immunodeficiency and dysregulated immune activation. We proposed to further investigate this immunological aspect of HIV-1 disease, in naive and in patients treated with Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART). The prototypic cytokines chosen were Interleukin (IL)-4 and Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), whose in vitro production was determined in mononuclear cell cultures stimulated with different T lymphocyte mitogenic agents (anti-CD3, Phytohaemoagglutin-P -PHA-, E. coli B04/035 Lipopolysaccharide -LPS-). We classified all the patients on the basis of the number of CD4+ lymphocytes and we found a progressive, even if not significant decrease in the baseline production of IFN-γ with the progression of the immunodeficiency. The mean value of baseline IFN-γ in the group of patients with CD4+>500 cells/μL was 7.79+3.1 pg/mL while in the group with CD4+<200 cells/μL it was 4.66±2.22. We didn't find significant differences in the baseline production of IL-4 in these groups and in IFN-γ and IL-4 production in LPS-stimulated cultures. We also re-assessed 12 patients after one year's follow-up. They presented a significant increase in IFN-γ production compared to the first assessment in the LPS-stimulated cultures (baseline IFN-γ 2.87+1.17 pg/mL, after 12 months 19.15±5.19 pg/mL; p= 0.03). In the 12 patients in follow-up IL-4 production showed a decreased in PHA-stimulated cultures with mean values of 16.65±14.32 pg/mL at baseline and 6.54±6.54 pg/mL after follow-up. These results highlight the immunorestoring effects of HAART. IL-4 production was lower in the treated subjects compared to the naive ones in PHA-stimulated cultures (mean values: IL-4=13.42 ±11.08 pg/mL in the naive patients and 9.75 ±65 pg/mL in the treated patients). The IFN-γ values in anti-CD3 stimulated cultures were also higher in the treated patients, but this increase was not significant.

scholarly journals Role of Psychological Stress on Interferon-Gamma (IFN-γ) in Atopic Dermatitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 889-895
Author(s):  
Made Wardhana ◽  
Sudarmajaya Suryawati ◽  
L. M. Rusyati
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Ifn Γ

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, with itching predominant symptom, which usually develope in infancy and associated with an increase in serum IgE and history of atopies, such as allergic rhinitis or bronchial asthma. The etiology of AD remains unclear. However, there are many predisposing factors, such as genetic, immunological disorders, infections, foods, irritants, and psychological stress. Many research has conclude that stress is one of the risk factor for AD, but the current understanding for the underlying mechanism remain unclear. Recent research shows that stress can suppress interferon gamma (IFN-γ), which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. This study aims to determine the role of stress and serum levels of IFN-γ to AD. Study design using a case-control study with a sample consisting of 31 cases and 28 controls. Stress indexes were measured using Holmes & Rahe Stress Scale and serum IFN-γ levels were examined. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the differences between the mean stress index and serum IFN-γ level between cases and controls, the magnitude of psychological stress as a risk factor for AD, and the correlation between psychological stress and serum IFN-γ level against the severity of AD. This study concluded that stress is a risk factor for AD with an odds ratio of 5.3, and the stress index is positively correlated with the severity of AD. Serum IFN-γ levels were significantly lower in cases group. There was a strong negative correlation between IFN-γ with the severity of AD (r = -0.905; p <0.05). Current study conclude that psychological stress is a risk factor for AD and stress can suppress serum IFN-γ levels.

scholarly journals Long-term effects of honey solution on Th1/Th2 cytokine balance in military graduates with psychological symptoms of over-training

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-20
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Honey Solution

Background: Physical exercise in certain conditions can cause over-training syndrome in individuals, which is associated with inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses by cytokines. The balance of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines can indicate the strength of the immune system against pathogens. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 6 weeks of honey solution on the balance consumption of interferon-gamma and interleukin4. Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental study has been performed by pre-test-post-test with two groups of placebo and honey syrup. For investigation, 70 individuals from the available population, including military graduates, have been examined using an over-training psychological questionnaire and finally, using blood markers (cortisol and testosterone), an over-training test of 38 people with age range of (75/1±75/20) years, and body mass index of (19/4±1/7 kg/m2) have been selected and randomly divided into two groups of 19 individuals: placebo and honey syrup. In order to measure serum levels of interferon-gamma and interleukin-4, before and after 6 weeks of consuming honey solution, 5 cc of blood has been taken from the arm vein and measured by ELISA. Results: The changes in cytokines levels have been investigated using the independent t-test in the SPSS software version 22. Following the use of honey syrup, compared with the placebo group, an increase in interferon-gamma levels and a decrease in interleukin-4 have been observed, which was a significant difference (P <0.05). Conclusion: 6 weeks consumption of honey syrup promoted the balance of interferon-gamma and interleukin cytokines to reduce the side effects of over-training on the immune system.

scholarly journals INTERLEUKIN-4 DAN INTERFERON GAMMA DI NEFRITIS LUPUS: HUBUNGAN AKTIVITAS PENYAKIT SERTA KEKAMBUHAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Torajasa Achamar ◽  
Dany Farida ◽  
Hani Susianti ◽  
Kusworini Handono ◽  
Ati Rastini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Nephritis ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Domain Score ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Ifn Γ

Sampling for urinalysis to see the activity and the degree of recurrence of Lupus Nephritis (LN) is very difficult. New biomarkersthat are more simple, sensitive, specific and non-invasive in assessing the activity of the LN need to be investigated. Interleukin-4 (IL-4)and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) were implicated to LN process. Urine samples from 17 LN patients were taken every month for 6 (six)months to examine the level of uIL-4, uIFN-γ, activity and recurrence of LN. Significant differences were observed in the uIFN-γ levelsbetween the active and inactive LN groups (p=0.012), but not in uIL-4 levels (p=0.187). Correlations between each biomarker andrenal domain score were weak (r=0.201, p=0.042 for uIL-4; r=0.268, p=0.006 for uIFN-γ). Significant differences were also found inthe uIL-4 and uIFN-γ levels against LN recurrence (p=0.033; p=0.017). The best cut off values to assess recurrences and activity of LNwere 8.17 pg/mL for uIL-4 showed a sensitivity of 74%, specificity 71%, NPV 90%, PPV 42% to assess recurrences and to assess activityof LN showed sensitivity 46%, specificity 75%, NPV 48%, PPV 78%. The cut off 18.58 pg/mL for uIFN-γ to predict recurrent and assessthe activity of LN showed sensitivity 68%%, specificity 70%, NPV 88%, PPV 40% to predict the recurrent and to assess the activity of LNshowed sensitivity 57%, specificity 64%, NPV 49%, PPV 73%. Based on the research, uIL-4 and uIFN-γ are not good enough to predictrecurrence and activity of LN

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