Diagnostic Efficacy of DNA Ploidy in Liquid Based Cervical Cytology using DNA Cytometry

Worldwide cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women and high incidence is reported from India. Liquid Based Cytology (LBC) provides good morphology for detection of cellular abnormalities. We, therefore, reviewed diagnostic efficacy of conventional Pap staining, flow cytometry and Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) testing in cervical pre cancer and cancer. Narrative review of cervical pre cancer and cancer candidate biomarkers including Pap staining, HPV and flow cytometry from cervical cytology fluids, is based on a detailed review of the literature. Based on the so far conducted studies, a promising conclusion can be drawn, that cytometry when coupled with HPV DNA typing or the conventional cytology gives better results as compared to that of conventional cytology or DNA cytometry alone. Liquid cytology provides a good and stable source of cervical cells to carry out ploidy studies using DNA cytometry. The procedure should be used in conjunction with LBC and HPV detection.

Download Full-text

A contour property based approach to segment nuclei in cervical cytology images

BMC Medical Imaging ◽

10.1186/s12880-020-00533-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Iram Tazim Hoque ◽

Nabil Ibtehaz ◽

Saumitra Chakravarty ◽

M. Saifur Rahman ◽

M. Sohel Rahman

Keyword(s):

Pap Smear ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Cervical Cytology ◽

Average Intensity ◽

Nucleus Size ◽

Real Dataset ◽

Art Methods ◽

Convolution Filter ◽

Cervical Cells ◽

Nucleus Segmentation

Abstract Background Segmentation of nuclei in cervical cytology pap smear images is a crucial stage in automated cervical cancer screening. The task itself is challenging due to the presence of cervical cells with spurious edges, overlapping cells, neutrophils, and artifacts. Methods After the initial preprocessing steps of adaptive thresholding, in our approach, the image passes through a convolution filter to filter out some noise. Then, contours from the resultant image are filtered by their distinctive contour properties followed by a nucleus size recovery procedure based on contour average intensity value. Results We evaluate our method on a public (benchmark) dataset collected from ISBI and also a private real dataset. The results show that our algorithm outperforms other state-of-the-art methods in nucleus segmentation on the ISBI dataset with a precision of 0.978 and recall of 0.933. A promising precision of 0.770 and a formidable recall of 0.886 on the private real dataset indicate that our algorithm can effectively detect and segment nuclei on real cervical cytology images. Tuning various parameters, the precision could be increased to as high as 0.949 with an acceptable decrease of recall to 0.759. Our method also managed an Aggregated Jaccard Index of 0.681 outperforming other state-of-the-art methods on the real dataset. Conclusion We have proposed a contour property-based approach for segmentation of nuclei. Our algorithm has several tunable parameters and is flexible enough to adapt to real practical scenarios and requirements.

Download Full-text

Flow cytometry is superior to conventional cytology in the surveillance evaluation of paucicellular cerebrospinal fluids

Leukemia & Lymphoma ◽

10.1080/10428194.2020.1861271 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Yu Yang ◽

Domos Kellermayer ◽

Amanda Calleroz ◽

Natalia Golardi ◽

Christie Finch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flow Cytometry ◽

Conventional Cytology

Download Full-text

Association between human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA and micronuclei in normal cervical cytology

Genetics and Molecular Biology ◽

10.1590/s1415-47572014005000010 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 360-363 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Ana Paula Rebelo Cassel ◽

Regina Bones Barcellos ◽

Cláudia Maria Dornelles da Silva ◽

Sabrina Esteves de Matos Almeida ◽

Maria Lucia Rosa Rossetti

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Cervical Cytology ◽

Hpv Dna ◽

Normal Cervical Cytology

Download Full-text

Prevalence of abnormal cervical cytology and HPV DNA positivity among HIV positive women

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20193791 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 3649

Author(s):

Sunita Malik ◽

Supriti Kumari ◽

Harsha S. Gaikwad ◽

Archana Mishra ◽

Mausumi Bharadwaj

Keyword(s):

Hpv Infection ◽

Cervical Cytology ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Abnormal Cytology ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hpv Dna ◽

Hpv Dna Testing ◽

Abnormal Cervical Cytology ◽

Hiv Positive Women ◽

Relationship Of

Background: The relationship among HIV, HPV, and development of CIN is complex and incompletely understood. Present study is undertaken to find out the prevalence and relationship of abnormal cervical cytology and HPV infection in HIV positive women.Methods: This was a cross-sectional, case control study conducted on 95 HIV seropositive and 95 seronegative women. Specimen was collected from the cervix for HPV DNA testing, subtyping and cytology.Results: HPV DNA positivity was higher in seropositive group (18.6% vs. 7.4%). Premalignant conditions were found only in seropositive group. At CD4 count <249 HPV DNA positivity was 53%, at 250-499 the percentage of HPV DNA positivity was 31% and at >500 HPV DNA positivity was 19%.Conclusions: Prevalence of abnormal cytology and HPV DNA positivity is higher amongst HIV positive women and there is an association between HPV DNA positivity with lower CD4 counts.

Download Full-text

Sensitivity, Specificity, and Clinical Value of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) E6/E7 mRNA Assay as a Triage Test for Cervical Cytology and HPV DNA Test

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.02570-10 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 49 (7) ◽

pp. 2643-2650 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

Maria Benevolo ◽

Amina Vocaturo ◽

Donatella Caraceni ◽

Deborah French ◽

Sandra Rosini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Cervical Cytology ◽

Clinical Value ◽

Dna Test ◽

Hpv Dna ◽

Hpv E6 ◽

Sensitivity Specificity ◽

Triage Test ◽

Hpv Dna Test

Download Full-text

Separation of sperm and vaginal cells with flow cytometry for DNA typing after sexual assault

Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00373-7 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 94 (4) ◽

pp. 623-627 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

W Schoell

Keyword(s):

Flow Cytometry ◽

Sexual Assault ◽

Dna Typing

Download Full-text

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection, Serovar Distribution and Co-Infections with Seven High-Risk HPV Types among Italian Women with a Recent History of Abnormal Cervical Cytology

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16183354 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (18) ◽

pp. 3354 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marianna Martinelli ◽

Rosario Musumeci ◽

Alberto Rizzo ◽

Narcisa Muresu ◽

Andrea Piana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽

Screening Program ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Cervical Cytology ◽

Recent History ◽

Abnormal Cytology ◽

Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection ◽

Hpv Dna ◽

Abnormal Cervical Cytology ◽

History Of

Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) and human papillomavirus (HPV) are the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections throughout the world. Despite the serious complications associated with chronic Ct infections in sexually active women, a screening program is not yet available in Italy. Moreover, HPV/Ct co-infections are also known to occur frequently, increasing the risk of HPV-induced carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Ct infections, the distribution of Ct serovars, and the incidences of Ct/HPV co-infections among women with a recent history of abnormal cervical cytology. Cervical samples were collected from 199 women referred for a gynecological visit following an abnormal Pap test results. All samples were tested for the presence of Ct and HPV DNA using real-time PCR assays; Ct typing of positive samples was performed by PCR–RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) targeting the ompA gene. A high percentage of these women (12.8% and 21.7% with or without abnormal cytology on “retesting”, respectively) were found to be Ct positive. Serovar F was the most prevalent type in Ct positive women, followed by E and K. Ct/HPV co-infections were detected in 7% (14/199) of enrolled women, with HPV-16, HPV-51, and HPV-52 being most frequently identified in co-infections. This study provides new epidemiological data on the prevalence of Ct and associated HPV infection in women with a recent history of abnormal cervical cytology in Italy, where notification of cases is not mandatory.

Download Full-text

Intraoperative flow cytometry analysis of glioma tissue for rapid determination of tumor presence and its histopathological grade

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/2013.1.jns12681 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 118 (6) ◽

pp. 1232-1238 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Takahiro Shioyama ◽

Yoshihiro Muragaki ◽

Takashi Maruyama ◽

Takashi Komori ◽

Hiroshi Iseki

Keyword(s):

Flow Cytometry ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Rapid Determination ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Biopsy Sample ◽

Surgical Biopsy ◽

Diagnostic Efficacy ◽

Histopathological Grade ◽

Number Of Cells

Object Intraoperative histopathological investigation plays an important role during surgery for gliomas. To facilitate the rapid characterization of resected tissue, an original technique of intraoperative flow cytometry (iFC) was established. The objective in this study was evaluation of this technique's efficacy for rapidly determining tumor presence in the surgical biopsy sample and WHO histopathological grade of the neoplasm. Methods In total, 328 separate biopsy specimens obtained during the resection of 81 intracranial gliomas were analyzed with iFC. The evaluated malignancy index (MI) was defined as the ratio of the number of cells with greater than normal DNA content to the total number of cells. The duration of iFC in all cases was approximately 10 minutes. Each sample was additionally investigated histopathologically on frozen and permanent formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections. The latter process was used as a “gold standard” control for evaluation of the diagnostic efficacy of iFC analysis. Results The MI differed significantly between neoplastic and perilesional brain tissue (25.3% ± 22.0% vs 4.6% ± 2.6%, p < 0.01). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed a corresponding area under the curve value of 0.941. The optimal cutoff level of the MI for identification of tumor in the biopsy specimen was 6.8%, which provided 0.88 sensitivity, 0.88 specificity, 0.97 positive predictive value, 0.60 negative predictive value, and 0.88 diagnostic accuracy. Additionally, the MI showed a significant association with WHO histopathological grades of glioma (p < 0.01), but its values in Grade II, III, and IV tumors overlapped prominently and were on average 13.3% ± 11.0%, 35.0% ± 21.8%, and 46.6% ± 23.1%, respectively. Conclusions Results of this study demonstrate that iFC with the determination of the MI may be feasible for rapidly determining glioma presence in a surgical biopsy sample.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of the LC-1000 Flow Cytometry Screening System for Cervical Cancer Screening in Routine Health Checkups

Acta Cytologica ◽

10.1159/000489079 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 279-287

Author(s):

Ilyeong Heo ◽

Hyoung-Jung Kwak ◽

Eun-Hee Nah ◽

Seon Cho ◽

Suyoung Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flow Cytometry ◽

Precancerous Lesions ◽

Cervical Cytology ◽

Proliferation Index ◽

Low Grade ◽

Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion ◽

Normal Cytology ◽

Cervical Precancerous Lesions ◽

Intraepithelial Lesion ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Objective: This study evaluated the performance of a flow cytometry system (LC-1000) in screening cervical precancerous lesions at routine health checkups. Study design: In total, 928 health examinees were enrolled at 16 health promotion centers in 13 Korean cities between 2016 and 2017. All participants underwent liquid-based cervical cytology and flow cytometry testing to determine the cell proliferation index (CPIx). Results: The positivity rate of the LC-1000 system increased with the severity of the cervical cytology findings (p for trend < 0.001). When low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) or higher (including LSIL, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion [HSIL], and atypical squamous cells without excluding HSIL [ASC-H]) was defined as gold-standard positivity, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of LC-1000 were 75.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 66.8–83.7), 58.5% (95% CI, 55.2–61.9), 18.1% (95% CI, 14.5–21.8), and 95.1% [95% CI, 93.2–97.0], respectively. The median CPIx increased significantly from normal cytology to HSIL (p < 0.001). The median CPIx was higher in high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV)-positive cases than in HR-HPV-negative cases (0.23 vs. 0.17, p < 0.001), while it did not differ between HR-HPV-positive and HR-HPV-negative cases with normal cytology findings (0.16 vs. 0.16, p = 0.700). Conclusion: The LC-1000 system is potentially useful for screening cervical precancer and cancer, especially when excluding normal or ASC of undetermined significance cases in routinely screened populations.

Download Full-text