PROMOTING OIL SPILL PREPAREDNESS IN EGYPT: JOINT GOVERNMENT/INDUSTRY EXERCISE

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-252
Author(s):  
Art J. Schroeder ◽  
Magdi Omar ◽  
Robert E. DeHart ◽  
Mohamed A. Fawzi ◽  
Ian Stirk
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
African Region ◽  
Egyptian Government ◽  
High Level ◽  
Petroleum Company

ABSTRACT In October 1996, Mobil, Amoco, and Amoco's Egyptian joint venture partner, Gupco (Gulf of Suez Petroleum Company), conducted a tier III oil spill exercise with key government authorities, including the Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) and the Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation (EGPC). This joint exercise represented a significant step forward in promoting global government and industry cooperation in preparedness and response to major oil spills. The exercise involved high-level decision makers from key Egyptian government agencies charged with responding to oil spills. Other participants were local, regional, and international tier II and III consultants and contractors, including responders from Oil Spill Response Limited (OSRL) in Southampton, England. During the exercise, onshore response equipment was deployed, and civil aviation, customs, and immigration issues related to air transport of equipment and mobilization of personnel to Egypt were tested. Technical resources from the Integrated Simulators Complex in Alexandria, Egypt, were used by the response team in developing strategies to deal with the oil spill scenario. Professional media personnel were used to test issues pertaining to government and public affairs. This exercise, which was observed by the Egyptian Red Sea governor and the U.S. ambassador, demonstrates that Egyptian authorities are working to become a “center of excellence” in oil spill preparedness for the Middle East, Eastern Mediterranean, and North African region.

scholarly journals A land-based oil spill management planning framework for the petroleum industry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Michele Tang Kai
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Pollution Problem ◽  
Planning Framework ◽  
Petroleum Company

Oil spill pollution efforts have historically focused on ocean-based oil spills and response has typically been reactive. Strategies to regulate and mitigate oil spills occur at all levels, internationally, nationally, and at the industry level. Absent is a strategy geared specifically to manage and mitigate land-based oil spills by the petroleum industry. To address this need, the objective of this study proposes a comprehensive oil spill management planning framework. It is comprised of five components, oil spill prevention, control, clean-up, and emphasis on the characterization and economic evaluation of oil spills. Land-based oil spills is a significant pollution problem largely due to a decaying pipeline infrastructure, which have escalated oil spill costs, volumes and frequencies. Using oil spill data collected at a petroleum company in Trinidad, statistical analyses and structural and non-structural concepts, adapted from Ontario's flood management approach, are applied to understand and mitigate oil spill events and costs.

AN EVALUATION OF OIL POLLUTION PROBABILITY IN THE LEVANTINE BASIN OFF ISRAEL

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Goldman ◽  
Ron Goldman ◽  
Eliyahu Biton ◽  
Eliyahu Biton ◽  
Isaac Gertman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Offshore Platforms ◽  
Ship Traffic ◽  
The Impact

Recent gas discoveries in the eastern Mediterranean Sea have led to multiple operations with substantial economic interest, and they are accompanied by the risk of oil spills and their potential environmental impacts. In this this study we compute the probability of an area being polluted by oil. The first stage of this computation is to determine what the likely scenarios for oil spills are, where the areas of higher oil spill probability are and what the expected size of the spill is. This study was performed as part of the RAOP-MED project, which considered ship collision scenarios, other accidental spill from ships and rigs, and accidents that might occur during fueling operations. The results of the project include a map of oil spill probability for the eastern Mediterranean that details different scenarios, as well as a map of the maximal spill size. We use these results to create possible oil spill scenarios and run Monte-Carlo simulations of the oil spill’s fate. The simulations use the MEDSLIK oil spill propagation model, forced by the realistic atmospheric and oceanic conditions that exist off the Israeli coast, as outlined by the SKIRON and SELIPS numerical models. Potential risk sources in the area are the ship traffic that enters and leaves the Suez channel, as well as the offshore platforms on the Nile Delta and in the Israeli exclusive economic zone. We also examine the impact of the alongshore current on the probability and severity of the pollution.

Response Readiness and Safety Awareness in a Tier 3 Organization1

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 (1) ◽  
pp. 751-753
Author(s):  
Ho Yew Weng
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Response Strategies ◽  
Safety Awareness ◽  
Response Readiness ◽  
High Level ◽  
Tier 3

ABSTRACT East Asia Response Pte Ltd is an organization based in Singapore and funded by major oil companies to respond to Tier 3 oil spills in the Asia Pacific Region. We have a large stockpile of Oil Spill Response equipment including aerial dispersant spraying capability. The call up of this equipment is not frequent. However, the infrequent call up presents a major challenge to us. The key challenges are:Maintaining a very high level of safety awareness. Routine activities are mainly maintenance and equipment testing. It is a major challenge to maintain a continuous high level of safety awareness in this environment. All Responders need to be prepared for the harsh conditions when they are called out. Responding to an oil spill in heat and rain in the tropics can stretch human endurance to the limit. In Singapore, priorities and response strategies can also change rapidly. Additionally, there is the pressure to get the job done, sometimes working long hours. The key drivers to our safety program are Risk Assessment (RA) and personal health. The risks associated with each major or new task are analyzed and processes / procedures are put into place to minimize or eliminate potential incidents. Funding will be appropriated where needed. RA has helped us understand each task better and is a way of life in the Base. For example, an RA was conducted when we had to renew our berth fenders. The exercise identified the most suitable time to carry out the renewal from the tide tables, how to manage the risk of a passing vessel creating too much water disturbance and the coordination required between those working on the wharf and at the fenders. We started a program to train external personnel whom we would call upon to supplement our staff during an incident. We need to train these personnel to work to our safety standards. An efficient Responder needs to be healthy and fit. We organize various programs in the Base like health talks by a specialist, gym memberships and participation in national health events to help Responders keep fit.Developing training scenarios to maintain a high level of response readiness. We developed a list of realistic exercises around Singapore for our Responders to practice. These exercises give us the luxury of assessing scenarios during non-response period and developing strategies on containment and recovery. Some of the exercises completed are: the booming of Sentosa, a major tourist attraction, and other sensitive areas as well as night navigation exercises to familiarize our boat skippers with potential changes in sea conditions and a changing coastline due to major reclamation work in Singapore.

AN EVALUATION OF OIL POLLUTION PROBABILITY IN THE LEVANTINE BASIN OFF ISRAEL

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Goldman ◽  
Ron Goldman ◽  
Eliyahu Biton ◽  
Eliyahu Biton ◽  
Isaac Gertman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Offshore Platforms ◽  
Ship Traffic ◽  
The Impact

Recent gas discoveries in the eastern Mediterranean Sea have led to multiple operations with substantial economic interest, and they are accompanied by the risk of oil spills and their potential environmental impacts. In this this study we compute the probability of an area being polluted by oil. The first stage of this computation is to determine what the likely scenarios for oil spills are, where the areas of higher oil spill probability are and what the expected size of the spill is. This study was performed as part of the RAOP-MED project, which considered ship collision scenarios, other accidental spill from ships and rigs, and accidents that might occur during fueling operations. The results of the project include a map of oil spill probability for the eastern Mediterranean that details different scenarios, as well as a map of the maximal spill size. We use these results to create possible oil spill scenarios and run Monte-Carlo simulations of the oil spill’s fate. The simulations use the MEDSLIK oil spill propagation model, forced by the realistic atmospheric and oceanic conditions that exist off the Israeli coast, as outlined by the SKIRON and SELIPS numerical models. Potential risk sources in the area are the ship traffic that enters and leaves the Suez channel, as well as the offshore platforms on the Nile Delta and in the Israeli exclusive economic zone. We also examine the impact of the alongshore current on the probability and severity of the pollution.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRANS-BOUNDARY SPILL RESPONSE COOPERATION ACROSS WEST, CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN AFRICA

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 1650-1668
Author(s):  
Clément Chazot ◽  
Anton Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Incident Management ◽  
West Central ◽  
Contingency Plans ◽  
Global Initiative ◽  
High Level

IOSC 2017 Abstract: 2017-269 Abstract The picture today is one of intense oil and gas activity across West, Central and Southern Africa. This is illustrated by the significant increases in crude oil exports over the past fifteen years. This high level of activity has also coincided with, and contributed to, a large increase in the level of shipping in the region. Such level of oil exploration, production, and transportation, means that there exists a threat of oil spills occurring. In response to this risk, the Global Initiative for West, Central, and Southern Africa (GI WACAF) was launched in 2006, with the objective of raising standards of oil spill preparedness and response capability across the region. This paper will describe how the GI WACAF Project cooperates with local stakeholders in order to develop trans-boundary cooperation, and will detail what are the challenges lying ahead in order to make cross-border cooperation fully operational. The analysis of the trans-boundary exercises organised under the umbrella of the GI WACAF Project between Cameroon and Nigeria (2015) on the one hand, and between Gabon and Congo (2015) on the other hand, emphasises the needs in terms of international cooperation, improved communications, integration of response capabilities at the national and regional levels, and the development of effective incident management structures. This paper will show that significant steps have been taken to develop National Oil Spill Contingency Plans across the GI WACAF region and that advances in this area have meant countries are now looking beyond their borders and seeking to integrate national contingency plans with their closest neighbours. Information will be presented concerning the 2015 exercises, the key lessons learned and potential developments of trans-boundary cooperation in the future.

scholarly journals An improved RST approach for timely alert and Near Real Time monitoring of oil spill disasters by using AVHRR data

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1281-1291 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. L. Grimaldi ◽  
D. Casciello ◽  
I. Coviello ◽  
T. Lacava ◽  
N. Pergola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Noaa Avhrr ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Infrared Data

Abstract. Information acquired and provided in Near Real Time is fundamental in contributing to reduce the impact of different sea pollution sources on the maritime environment. Optical data acquired by sensors aboard meteorological satellites, thanks to their high temporal resolution as well as to their delivery policy, can be profitably used for a Near Real Time sea monitoring, provided that accurate and reliable methodologies for analysis and investigation are designed, implemented and fully assessed. In this paper, the results achieved by the application of an improved version of RST (Robust Satellite Technique) to oil spill detection and monitoring will be shown. In particular, thermal infrared data acquired by the NOAA-AVHRR (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration-Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) have been analyzed and a new RST-based change detection index applied to the case of the oil spills that occurred off the Kuwait and Saudi Arabian coasts in January 1991 and during the Lebanon War in July 2006. The results obtained, even in comparison with those achieved by other AVHRR-based techniques, confirm the unique performance of the proposed approach in automatically detecting the presence of oil spill with a high level of reliability and sensitivity. Moreover, the potential of the extension of the proposed technique to sensors onboard geostationary satellites will be discussed within the context of oil spill monitoring systems, integrating products generated by high temporal (optical) and high spatial (radar) resolution satellite systems.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Physicochemical Parameters of Bodo Creek, Rivers State, Nigeria: A Pre-spill, Post-spill and Post-clean-up Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1505-1512
Author(s):  
D.K. Nkeeh ◽  
A.I. Hart ◽  
E.S. Erondu ◽  
N. Zabbey
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Temperature Levels ◽  
High Level ◽  
Rivers State

Water bodies are a source of ecosystem services such as water supply, production, recreation, and aesthetics. In 2008, two major oil spills took place in Bodo creek. A major challenge with the assessment and monitoring of an environment is the lack of baseline data. However, Bodo Creek has been studied extensively. This paper, therefore, reviews pre-spill, post-spill, and post-clean-up studies on physicochemical parameters in Bodo Creek. This paper revealed that the difference in the levels of the physicochemical parameters including pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and temperature in Bodo Creek, before and after the oil spill was not statistically significant (P > 0.05); other physicochemical parameters examined in this paper are alkalinity, total hardness, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total dissolved solids (TDS). This paper also revealed that pH and temperature were higher in the post-cleanup study, while DO and conductivity were higher in the pre-cleanup study. BOD was significantly higher in the post-spill study than the pre-spill study, indicating a high level of pollution as a result of the oil spill. This review also shows that there are higher pH and temperature levels in post-clean-up studies than the pre-cleanup studies. Pre-clean-up DO and conductivity were higher than the levels in the post-clean-up study.

scholarly journals A land-based oil spill management planning framework for the petroleum industry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Michele Tang Kai
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Pollution Problem ◽  
Planning Framework ◽  
Petroleum Company

Oil spill pollution efforts have historically focused on ocean-based oil spills and response has typically been reactive. Strategies to regulate and mitigate oil spills occur at all levels, internationally, nationally, and at the industry level. Absent is a strategy geared specifically to manage and mitigate land-based oil spills by the petroleum industry. To address this need, the objective of this study proposes a comprehensive oil spill management planning framework. It is comprised of five components, oil spill prevention, control, clean-up, and emphasis on the characterization and economic evaluation of oil spills. Land-based oil spills is a significant pollution problem largely due to a decaying pipeline infrastructure, which have escalated oil spill costs, volumes and frequencies. Using oil spill data collected at a petroleum company in Trinidad, statistical analyses and structural and non-structural concepts, adapted from Ontario's flood management approach, are applied to understand and mitigate oil spill events and costs.

ECOLOGICAL AND GEOMORPHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE VULNERABILITY OF THE COASTS OF THE KARA SEA TO THE OIL SPILL

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Ermolov ◽  
Alexander Ermolov
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
International System ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Expert Assessments ◽  
International Systems

International experience of oil spill response in the sea defines the priority of coastal protection and the need to identify as most valuable in ecological terms and the most vulnerable areas. Methodological approaches to the assessing the vulnerability of Arctic coasts to oil spills based on international systems of Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) and geomorphological zoning are considered in the article. The comprehensive environmental and geomorphological approach allowed us to form the morphodynamic basis for the classification of seacoasts and try to adapt the international system of indexes to the shores of the Kara Sea taking into account the specific natural conditions. This work has improved the expert assessments of the vulnerability and resilience of the seacoasts.

An assessment of toxic metals content in the marine sediments of the Shuaiba Industrial Area, Kuwait, after the oil spill during the Gulf War

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Al-Muzaini ◽  
P. G. Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Marine Sediment ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Gulf War ◽  
Oil Wells ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
Very High

A field study was carried out involving seven fixed sampling stations. The sampling locations were selected to cover the distribution of pollutants in the Shuaiba Industrial Area (SIA), which was contaminated with oil released from oil wells and broken pipelines and with a vast amount of burnt and unburnt crude oil from the burning and gushing oil wells. The samples were collected biweekly between July 1993 and July 1994. The concentrations of V, Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb were determined and compared with the previously collected baseline data to assess the degree of environmental damage caused due to the oil spills during the Gulf war. The average concentrations (mg/kg) of various elements in the marine sediment were 17.3 for V, 30.8 for Ni, 55.5 for Cr, 0.02 for Cd and 1.95 for Pb. Our results show that even after the heavy spillage of oil, associated metal concentrations were not very high compared with previously reported base line values.

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